Methods of sampling plants communities

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2. Name: HASHIR MUNEEB AHMAD
Presentation Topic: Methods Of Sampling Vegetation
Submitted To: Dr.ABDUL GHANI
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3. Vegetation:
o Vegetation refers to all plants and trees collectively,can also
refers to the growth process of a plant.
o It is a general term without specific reference to particular taxa,
life forms,structure,or any botanical or geographic
characteristics.
o For example:Forest,tropical rain forests,etc
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4. Flora:
o Flora refers to the plant life found in a particular region.
o It refers to species composition of a community.
o For example:Grass,sunflower,etc
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5. o The process of selecting a number of individuals for a study in such a way
that the individuals represent the larger group from which they were
selected is known as sampling.
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Sampling:

6.  Purpose and Importance of Sampling Vegetation:
o It provides picture of nutritional status of your crops.
o Long term monitering of plants provides knowledge of changing
habitat of specific area, that provides support to different animals.
o It also allows you to measure changes in the number or condition of
threatened trees at your project site, and as a result, causes the
success of management actions.
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7. Methods Of Sampling Vegetation:
There are four methods of sampling of plant communities:
1. Transect
2. Bisect
3. Trisect
4. Quadrate
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8. 1. Transect Method:
o A transect is a long rectangular sample plot.
o It is used to study the variation in vegetation.
o It also shows how one plant community is replaced by other.
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9. Types of Transect Method:
There are two types of transect:
1. Line Transect or Line Intercept
2. Belt Transect
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10. 1. Line Transect Method:
o It is also called as line intercept method.
o In this method,plant species are recorded along in a line.
o It is useful for dense vegetation.
o It gives accurate information about vegetation.
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12. 2. Belt Transect Method:
o The belt transect method is used when there is a gradual
change from one side of habitat to another.
o A belt transect will supply more data than a line transect.
o It will give data on abundance of individual species at different
points along the line,as well as on their range.
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14. 2. Bisect Method:
o It shows vertical distribution of plant vegetation.
o In this method,we see all the layers of community,from dominant
trees,shrubs,herbs and relative position of underground parts like
roots,rhizome and tubers of each plant.
o The relative position of plants are carefully measured.
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15. 3. Trisect Method:
o It is the photographic method of recording the dynamic characters of
plant community.
o In this technique a particular plot of vegetation is photographed
periodically by keeping the camera in the same direction and at the
same height.
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16. 4. Quadrat Method:
o The quadrat is a sampling unit used for quantitative study of the
plant community.
o It may be rectangular or circular in shape,but rectangular plots are
useful.
o It is used to measure coverage and abundance of plants.
Purpose:
It is effectively used to determine the exact differences or similarities
in the structure and composition between two or more plant
communities of related or unrelated vegetation.
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17. Quadrat Method:
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18. Types of Quadrats
1. List Quadrat:
o Enlisting the names of different species growing in quadrat.
2. List-Court Quadrat:
o Records the number of individuals of each species represented in each
quadrat.
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19. 3. Chart Quadrat:
o This records the position and areas covered by branches,tufts of
grasses, mosses etc, on the coordinated or graph paper. These graphs
help to compare any change in structure of community in future.
4. Clip Quadrat:
o It is used for the study of biomass or weight of each species,all
individuals are uprooted and its dry or fresh weight is recorded.
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29. Conclusion:
o Every sampling method has its own preferable location,
time and storing method.
o Some sampling methods can be more efficient then others
depending on the fields.
o Selecting a sampling method depends upon:
 Population to be studied
 Resources available
 Importance of having a precise estimate of sampling error
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