Anterior Partial Veneer Crown : three quarters and pin ledge partial veneer. BDS final year topic of prosthodontics, crown and bridge. The presentation discusses introduction, indications, contraindications, advantages, disadvantages, armamentarium required and steps of tooth preparation for both anterior three quarters and pin ledge partial veneer crown separately.

1. Anterior Partial Veneer
HARSIMRAN SINGH KAPOOR

2. INTRODUCTION
PARTIAL VENEER CROWN –
GPT-8 : An extracoronal restoration that restores all
but one coronal surface of tooth or dental implant
abutment, usually not covering facial surface.
They generally include all tooth surfaces except
buccal or labial surfaces. Therefore, they preserve
more coronal tooth structure than full veneer crown.
FOR POSTERIOR TEETH FOR ANTERIOR TEETH
●
Three Quarter crown
●
Modified three quarter crown
●
Seven-eighth crown
●
Three Quarter crown
●
Pin Ledge crown

3. ANTERIOR THREE-QUARTER CROWN

4. INDICATIONS
●
Intact labial wall & well supported sound tooth
structure
●
Teeth with clinical crown length that is average or
more
●
Teeth with normal anatomic form (without cervical
constriction)
●
Anterior teeth with adequate labio-lingual
thickness
●
As retainers to re-establish anterior guidance and
to splint teeth

5. CONTRAINDICATIONS
●
High caries rate
●
Short clinical crown (inadequate retention)
●
Endodontically treated tooth or non vital teeth
●
Proximally bulbous tooth
●
Deep cervical abrasion & cervical caries
●
Extensive tooth destruction
●
Extensive core restorations
●
Bell shaped teeth (severe cervical constriction)
●
Thin teeth or restricted faciolingual dimension

6. ADVANTAGES
●
Conserves tooth structure
●
Easy access to margins for finishing
●
Less gingival involvement than full veneer crown
●
Superior aesthetics (natural surface preserved)
●
Better seating of restoration
●
Complete seating of restoration easily verified during
cementation
●
Reduced pulpal & periodontal insult during tooth
preparation
●
Electric pulp vitality testing can be done on intact
tooth surface

7. DISADVANTAGES
●
Retention is less than full veneer crown
●
Unesthetic display of metal near incisal edge
●
Skillfull preparation crucial to avoid metal
display
●
Limited adjustment of path of insertion
●
Preparation limited to normally shaped teeth
with average clinical crown length
●
Cant be used for non vital tooth

8. TOOTH PREPARATION
Steps for tooth preparation for three-quarter
partial veneer crown for anterior teeth :
●
Lingual reduction
●
Incisal reduction
●
Proximal reduction
●
Proximal groove placement
●
Incisal offset
●
Incisal bevel
●
Finishing the preparation

9. FEATURES & THEIR FUNCTIONS

10. ARMAMENTARIUM
●
Handpiece
●
Round tip tapered diamond (for depth orientation
grooves)
●
Wheel shaped diamond (for lingual reduction)
●
Torpedo diamond (for axial reduction & chamfer finish
line)
●
Long needle diamond (for inter-proximal reduction)
●
Straight tapered fissure burs (for proximal grooves &
boxes, pin ledge)
●
Flame shaped bur (for flaring of grooves)
●
Inverted cone bur (for incisal offset)
●
Finishing burs

11. LINGUAL REDUCTION
●
Depth orientation grooves placed by small round
diamond on lingual surface.
●
Reduce tooth structure formed between the grooves on
lingual surface with wheel shaped diamond
●
Cingulum reduction -
➔
In incisors – forms smooth concave depression
➔
In canine – done in 2 planes with slight ridge extending
inciso-gingivally along center of lingual surface

12. ●
Lingual axial wall is reduced using
a torpedo diamond, inclination
parallel to path of insertion i.e.
incisal 2/3rd of labial surface.
●
Junction between lingual wall and
cingulum should not be over-
reduced as may lead to loss of
retention
●
Clearance with opposing tooth –
0.7 – 1mm
●
Chamfer gingival finish line –
0.5mm deep

13. INCISAL REDUCTION
●
Depth orientation groove on incisal edge of
0.7mm
●
Reduce incisal edge at 45 degree to long axis
of tooth using round end tapered bur.
●
Reduction should follow contour of uncut
incisal edge.
●
Reduction forms flat plane on incisors and
follows mesial and distal cuspal inclines on
canine.

14. PROXIMAL REDUCTION
●
With long needle diamond, break the
contact & reduce proximal surface by
moving bur from lingual to facial surface
●
Care to be taken to avoid damage to
adjacent tooth
●
Tip of bur further facial than shank
●
Light chamfer finish line on proximal surface
●
Contact with adjacent tooth is broken to
establish labial proximal extension(enamel
hatchet may be used).
●
Finishing of axial wall & chamfer finish line
using torpedo carbide bur.

15. PROXIMAL GROOVES & FLARE
●
Placed as far labially as possible without
undermining labial enamel plate
●
Two grooves placed on opposite sides,
parallel to each other & incisal third of
labial surface.
●
Lingual wall of groove 2-5 degree incisal
convergence with lingual gingival wall
●
Facial wall of groove is flared to remove
unsupported enamel & contribute bulk to
facial margin
●
Grooves minimum 3mm long and
terminate 0.5mm above gingival finish
line.

16. INCISAL OFFSET
●
Placed on sloping lingual surface near opposing
occlusal contact
●
Should connect proximal grooves
●
Uniform clearance from incisal edge
●
Incisors – flat
●
Canine – V shaped
●
Creates a band of thicker metal to provide a
staple configuration, which provide additional
rigidity & resistance.
●
Helps to strengthen linguo-incisal margin

17. INCISAL BEVEL
●
0.5mm wide bevel placed on labio-incisal
finish line perpendicular to path of
insertion using flame shaped diamond.
FINISHING
●
Using carbide finishing bur, round all the
angles to ensure continuity of all finish lines.

18. Lingual reduction Incisal reduction Lingual axial reduction
Proximal reduction Proximal grooveAxial finishing
Proximal flare Incisal offset Incisal bevel

19. PIN LEDGE PREPARATION

20. ●
It is an aesthetic modification of three quarter
partial veneer extends over lingual and a single
proximal surface
●
Retentive pins are used to compensate for reduced
coverage, extend to depth of 2mm into dentin
●
Retention increased by – increasing number, size &
diameter of pins
●
Designs -
a) Conventional pin ledge involving only lingual
surface of tooth
b) Pin ledge with proximal slice
c) Pin ledge with proximal groove

21. INDICATIONS
●
Undamaged anterior teeth in caries free mouth
●
Anterior teeth with severe lingual abrasion
●
Alterations of lingual contour or occlusion
●
Higher esthetic requirement
●
Bulbous tooth (unsuitable for 3/4th crowns)
●
Anterior splinting
●
To establish desired anterior guidance

22. CONTRAINDICATIONS
●
Poor oral hygiene
●
High caries rate
●
Large pulp size
●
Thin teeth labio-lingually (not possible to
place pinholes of adequate size and length)
●
Non vital teeth
●
When alignment of abutment will conflict with
proposed path of withdrawal of FPD.

23. ADVANTAGES
●
Minimal tooth reduction
●
Minimal margin length
●
Minimal gingival
involvement, thus
periodontally preferable
●
Better esthetics
(minimal display of
metal)
●
Optimum access for
margin finish & hygiene
DISADVANTAGES
●
Less retentive than full
veneer
●
Techinally demanding
●
Alignment difficult
●
Not usable on non vital
teeth

24. TOOTH PREPARATION
Steps for tooth preparation for Pin-ledge three
quarter crown for anterior teeth -
●
Lingual reduction
●
Proximal reduction
●
Proximal grooves & flare
●
Counter-sink
●
Incisal offset
●
Pinhole preparation
●
Incisal bevel
●
Finishing

25. FEATURES & THEIR FUNCTIONS

26. LINGUAL REDUCTION
●
Similar to conventional anterior three quarter
crown preparation i.e. depth orientation groove
and lingual reduction.
●
Lingual incisal bevel 1.5mm wide placed parallel
to uncut incisal edge and should end lingual to
labio-incisal line angle.
●
Lingual axial wall should be parallel to gingival
2/3rd of labial surface, prepared with torpedo
diamond.
●
Chamfer finish line

27. PROXIMAL REDUCTION
●
Only one proximal surface is prepared, which
is adjacent to edentulous ridge using long
needle diamond similar to conventional three
quarter preparation.
●
Should be extended as far labially as possible
close to labioproximal line angle.
●
Reduction includes proximal contact area but
not to extend too far facially as it may alter
outline form
●
Axial reduction & chamfer finish line
smothened with torpedo carbide bur.

28. PROXIMAL GROOVES & FLARE
●
Two proximal grooves placed on prepared
proximal surface – Facial & Lingual, should be
parallel to each other.
●
Third groove – Cingulum proximal groove may
also be placed on opposite proximal surface
(near cingulum) as lingual as possible.
●
Provide retention, resistance and anti-
rotational property to restoration.
●
Flare is prepared on labial wall of facial
proximal groove using flame diamond , should
be wider in incisal aspect.

29. COUNTER-SINK (LEDGE)
●
A flat ledge or counter-sink prepared in incisal
corner opposite to proximal grooves.
●
Must be gingival to incisal edge, cut in dentin
& lingual to finish line
●
Another legde is placed in the middle of
cingulum area.
●
Provide easy start for precise pin hole
placement
●
Provide space for bulk of metal at base of
pins to ensure rigidity.

30. INCISAL OFFSET
●
Prepared across lingual surface of incisal
edge.
●
Connect incisal ledge to facial proximal
groove.
●
A V shaped trough is cut along side of
from incisal edge to cingulum groove.
●
The metal in trough reinforce linguo-
proximal margin of restoration.

31. PIN-HOLE PREPARATION
●
Shallow depression prepared at center of
each ledge with small round bur and
continue with twist drill upto 2-3mm.
●
Depth of pin hole atleast 2mm into dentin
●
Pin holes must be parallel to each other,
with common path of withdrawal.

32. INCISAL BEVEL
●
Angle formed between facial wall of offset and
incisla edge should be bevelled
●
Placed on functional area of incisla edge using
flame diamond.
FINISHING
●
Using carbide finishing bur, round & smoothen all
the sharp anglesand additional features.

33. Lingual reduction Lingual axial reduction Proximal reduction
Axial finishing Proximal grooves Proximal flare
Ledge, Incisal offset &
Trough Pin holes Incisal bevel

34. THANK YOU