2. • This report reflects the APA 6th Edition
guidelines of the book, "Publication
Manual of the American Psychological
Association" released in 2010.
• The book was designed to advance
scholarship by setting sound and
rigorous standards for scientific
communication.
• APA soughts to establish a simple set of
procedures, or style rules, that would
codify the many components of scientific
writing to increase the ease of reading
comprehension
APA Manual Publication
APA FORMATTING 7TH ED.
3. TITLE PAGE LAYOUT (PROFESSIONAL PAPER)
APA FORMATTING 7TH ED.
Unless you receive other instruction, the first page
of your paper is a title page.
The following elements are included on the Title
Page:
• Running Head
• Title of the Paper
• Bold, Title Case
• Author’s Name
• First name, Middle Initial, Last Name
• Affiliation
• Department and Name of institution
• Page number (1) in the header, flush right
• Author’s Note at the bottom
• Changes in affiliation
• Disclosures & Acknowledgements
Author’s Note:
4. FOLLOWING PAGES LAYOUT
APA FORMATTING 7TH ED.
Unless you receive other instruction,
the following elements are included
on the following pages of your paper:
• Running Head
• Abstract and Keywords included
• Titles, Levels, and References in
Bold
• Page numbers in the header, flush
right
5. GUIDELINES FOR REDUCING BIAS
APA FORMATTING 7TH ED.
“Authors must strive to use language that is free of
bias, meaning the implied or irrelevant evaluation of
the group or groups they are writing about. As an
organization, APA is committed to both the
advancement of science and the fair treatment of
individuals and groups. These principles require that
authors and students who use APA Style avoid
perpetuating demeaning attitudes in their writing. It is
unacceptable to use constructions that might imply
prejudicial beliefs or perpetuate biased assumptions
against persons on the basis of age, disability, gender,
participation in research, racial or ethnic identity,
sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, or some
combination of these or other persona factors.
Instead authors should use affirming and inclusive
language. (APA, 2020, p. 131)”
Note:
• APA endorses the use of singular pronoun
“they” and “their”
• Be sensitive to labels
• Capitalize Racial and Ethnic Identity
6. REFERENCE PAGE LAYOUT
APA FORMATTING 7TH ED.
WHO
• Who authored the work?
• Individual/Multiple
People/Group
WHEN
• When was the work
published/created?
WHAT
• What is the title of the work?
WHERE
• Where can it be found?
• Where do I go to retrieve it?
ELEMENTS OF A REFERENCE
7. REFERENCE PAGE LAYOUT
APA FORMATTING 7TH ED.
• References start on a new page.
• References are ordered alphabetically
by author’s surname
• Do not sort names WITHIN a
reference
• Each reference has a hanging indent
of 0.5 inch
• References ending with DOI or URL,
do not have an ending period.
REFERENCE PAGES:
8. IN-TEXT CITATIONS
APA FORMATTING 7TH ED.
There are two types of in-text citations:
• Parenthetical In-Text Citations
• Narrative In-Text Citations
Both supply the same basic information
but are formatted differently.
• Parenthetical In-Text Citations
Format:
• (Author’s Name, publication date)
• (Labis, 2019)
SAMPLE
• Narrative In-Text Citations
Format:
• Author Name (publication date)
• Qunlian (2011)
9. APA REFERENCING VISUAL ART
APA FORMATTING 7TH ED.
Author, A. A., & Author, B.B.(Year). Title of the article.
Name of the Periodical, volume(issue), #–#. https://doi.org/xxxx
https://apastyle.apa.org/instructional-aids/reference-guide.pdf
10. APA REFERENCING VISUAL ART
APA FORMATTING 7TH ED.
Author, A. A., & Author, B.B.(Year). Title of the article.
Name of the Periodical, volume(issue), #–#. https://doi.org/xxxx
Invert names so that the Last Name comes
first, followed by a comma and the initials.
Leave a space between the initials.
Place the year in
parenthesis. End with
period.
Sentence Case. Capitalize Proper
Nouns. Do not italicize. End with
period.
https://apastyle.apa.org/instructional-aids/reference-guide.pdf
11. APA REFERENCING VISUAL ART
APA FORMATTING 7TH ED.
Author, A. A., & Author, B.B.(Year). Title of the article.
Name of the Periodical, volume(issue), #–#. https://doi.org/xxxx
Capitalize all major words.
Follow with a comma.
Italicize the periodical name
but not the comma after.
Italicize the volume number. DO not put
space between the volume number and
the parenthesis around the issue number.
Do not italicize the issue number or
parenthesis. Follow with a comma.
No issue number? Follow the
volume number with a comma.
Include the article page number. Use
an en dash. Do not put spaces
around the en dash. End with period.
Include a DOI for all works that
have one. Do not put a period after
the DOI.
https://apastyle.apa.org/instructional-aids/reference-guide.pdf
