PRESENTATION FOR UNDERGRADUATES ABOUT NEONATAL RDS

1. Neonatal Respiratory Distress
syndrome –for Undergraduates
Dr Gururaja R
MD,DNB(Paed)

2. RDS
• Tachypnoea RR > 60
• Chest retractions
• Grunt
• Respiratory, non respiratory causes
• Early recognition
• Prompt treatment

4. • RDS – First 6 hours
• MAS – First few hours of life
• Pneumonia – any age
• TTNB – First 6 hours
• TEF, CDH – any age

6. TTNB

7. MAS

8. Pneumonia

9. Cardiac causes

10. TAPVC

11. HMD
• Common in preterm babies<34 weeks
• 10-15% over all incidence
• > 80% in less than 28 weeks
• Immature lung
• Surfactant deficiency

13. Surfactant
• Phospholipid
• Produced by type 2 alveolar cells
• Reduces surface tension in alveoli
• Production starts at 20 weeks and peaks 35
weeks
• In its absence – alveoli collapse
• Hypoxia
• Increased work of breathing
• Respiratory failure

17. Clinical Features

19. RDS

20. X-Ray

21. Silverman – Anderson Score

22. Management
• Mild to moderate – CPAP

23. CPAP
• Keeps alveoli open
• Improves FRC
• Used in spontaneosly
breathing baby
• PEEP-5-7
• FIO2 – 30-40%
• FLOW-5-7 L/min

24. Surfactant
• Exogenous surfactant
• Given intra tracheally
through ET tube

25. Severe RDS – Mechanical ventilation

26. Prevention of RDS
• Antenatal steroids
• <34 weks
• Dexamethasone – 6 mg
12 hrly 4 doses
• Betamethasone 12 mg
24 hrly 2 doses

27. •THANK YOU