4. INDIA
01
Introduction
India is the largest country in South Asia
“land of spirituality and philosophy” –
Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism and Sikhism.
India’s classical music tradition includes Carnatic
and Hindustani music
5. CLASSICAL MUSIC OF INDIA
Carnatic Music
refers to music from South India
directed to a Hindu god, which is why it is called
“temple music”
Music pieces are mainly set for the voice and
with lyrics.
Compositions called krti are devotional songs.
6. Hindustani Music
nasal singing is observed in their vocal music
In North India, the most common style of
singing is called khyal, a word which
means “imagination”
CLASSICAL MUSIC OF INDIA
7.
8. INDIA
01
VOCAL MUSIC
Melismatic the style of one aspect of singing (voices is
very nasal) pasyon
Performers are required to improvised music based on the to
major elements: raga and tala
9. INDIA
01
VOCAL MUSIC
Indian Music Elements
RAGA
• Means melody
• “to please”
• 5-9 tones
Indian Music Elements
TALA
• Means rhythm
• arrangement of beat
• “clap”
10. Indian Music Elements - Raga
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Western
Notation
Do Re Mi Fa Sol La Ti
Indian
Notation
Sa Ri Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni
11. Vocal Music of India
singing based on a
set of pitches
popular during the
Vedict times
SAMAGANA RIG VEDA
SAMA
VEDA
Sacred text, sung as
Samagana and not
chanted
Ancient Indian
sacred collection of
Vedic Sanskrit
hymns.
12. Classification of Indian Musical Instruments
1. Ghan - non-membranous percussive instrument
Ghatam Kartal Manjira
non-membranous
percussive instrument
is an earth ware pot. wooden clapper
a set of small
cymbals
13. Classification of Indian Musical Instruments
2. Avanaddh - membranous percussive
Daf Tabla Dhol
used in religious
ceremonies
a pair of drums. Double-headed drum
14. Classification of Indian Musical Instruments
3. Sushir – blown air
Shankh
Surpeti
conch shell Indian drone
instrument
15. Classification of Indian Musical Instruments
4. Tat – plucked string
Sitar
Gottuvadyam
Ektar
Gopichand
Rabab
17. Classification of Indian Musical Instruments
5. Vitat – bowed string
Banam
Chikara
Sarangi
ancient fiddle
bowed, short-
necked string
stringed instrument
from India
21. PAKISTAN
02
Vocal Styles in Singing
GHAZAL
Expression of love,
separation and
loneliness.
Poetic in forms
Can be sung by both
men and women
SECULAR
Devotional music og
Christi Order
Vibrant musical
tradition way back 700
years
Performed at Sufi
shrines.
QAWWALI
Devotional music of
Christi Order
Vibrant musical
tradition way back 700
years
Performed at Sufi
shrines.
23. Classification of Pakistani Musical Instruments
a short-necked lute whose body
is carved out of single piece
of wood,
also called reed organ, free-reed
keyboard instrument that
produces sound when wind sent by foot-
operated
25. ISRAEL
03
DIVISION OF JEWISH MUSIC
DEVOTIONAL
Entirely vocal
Featured during Sabbath and holy days
Hazan (leader prayer in the synagogue)
evident in culture
Shofar – special call to prayer and
repentance.
26. ISRAEL
03
DIVISION OF JEWISH MUSIC
SECULAR
Instruments and voice are used
Played during life passage events
Context lies outside the religious domain
Very rhythmic an have popular romantic texts.
27. Classification of Israeli Musical Instruments
an ancient stringed instrument played by
plucking the
strings with the fingers
played with plectrum when
accompanying singing or
made of a ram’s horn, used
for Jewish religious purposes
