The circulatory system transports nutrients, oxygen, water, and removes wastes throughout the body using the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The heart pumps blood through arteries and veins to all body cells via capillaries where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged for carbon dioxide and other wastes. Diseases can occur if this process is disrupted by issues like narrowed arteries or damaged heart muscles. The respiratory system takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide through breathing using the lungs, trachea, bronchi and diaphragm in a multi-step process. Pollution and other exposures can damage these systems and lead to diseases such as lung cancer, bronchitis or emphysema if not mitigated by a healthy lifestyle.

1. [FUNCTTONS, PARTS,CAUSES & DISEASES]

2.  The Circulatory System (Internal transport
System) is responsible for transporting
materials throughout the entire body.
 It transports nutrients, water, and oxygen to
your billions of body cells and carries away
wastes such as carbon dioxide that body cells
produce.
 It is an amazing highway that travels through
your entire body connecting all your body
cells.

3. 1. It transport nutrients and oxygen to various cells
all over the body.
2. It collects wastes and transport them to
respective organs where they would be excreted.
3. It helps maintain fluid balance and normal body
temperature.
4. It acts as defense against harmful bacteria
that
4. may cause diseases.

4.  THE HEART
 THE BLOOD
 THE BLOOD VESSELS

5.  The Heart is an amazing organ. The heart beats
about 3 BILLION times during an average lifetime.
It is a muscle about the size of your fist. The heart
is located in the center of your chest slightly to the
left. It's job is to pump your blood and keep the
blood moving throughout your body.
 It is your job to keep your heart healthy and there
are three main things you need to remember in
order to keep your heart healthy.

6.  The blood is an amazing substance that is
constantly flowing through our bodies.
BLOOD CELLS
 Red Blood Cells are responsible for carrying
oxygen and carbon dioxide. Red Blood Cells pick
up oxygen in the lungs and transport it to all the
body cells.
 White Blood Cells help the body fight off germs.
White Blood Cells attack and destroy germs when
they enter the body.
 Platelets are blood cells that help stop bleeding.
 Plasma is the liquid part of the blood.

7.  Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen rich
blood AWAY from the heart. Remember, A A
Arteries Away, A A Arteries Away, A A Arteries
Away.
 Capillaries are tiny blood vessels as thin or
thinner than the hairs on your head. Capillaries
connect arteries to veins. Food substances
(nutrients), oxygen and wastes pass in and out of
your blood through the capillary walls.
 Veins carry blood back toward your heart.

8.  Angina is commonly referred to as chest pain in
layman terms and referred to as the sharp and
shooting pain that is severe in intensity and
develop when the blood supply to the heart
muscles is altered as a result of ischemia.
 Cardiomyopathy is the disease of the heart
muscles that may lead to enlarged, thick or rigid
heart muscles. It can be acquired or inherited in
nature and causes weakening of the heart muscles
especially of the ventricles.

9.  Rheumatic Heart Disease it is an inflammatory
condition that mainly involves cardiac valves as a
result of chronic history of untreated or poorly
managed rheumatic fever.
 An arrhythmia is an abnormal rate or rhythm of the
heartbeat. It can beat too fast, too slow, or with an
irregular rhythm. If the heart beat is fast it is called as
tachycardia and if is too slow, it is referred to as
bradycardia.
 Congenital heart defects are abnormalities in the
morphological or physiological functioning of the
heart that are present at the time of birth. The
primary cause is the incomplete or abnormal
development of the fetal heart during the early weeks
of pregnancy.

10.  Vascular diseases are referred to as disorders
of blood vessels.
 Hypertension is the most common vascular
disorder that has become the leading cause of
morbidity and mortality in all parts of the
world. Hypertension occurs when the heart
pump blood through the narrow vessels as a
result of atherosclerosis or stiffening of
arteries due to aging or inherited vascular
conditions.

11.  Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular disease that may
remain asymptomatic for many years leading to the
hardening of the arteries due to the accumulation of
fat, cholesterol, and other substances in the arterial
walls. The condition usually affects medium and large
arteries.
 Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the common
vascular diseases marked by accumulation of
atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary blood vessels.
As the plaque thickens, secondary changes may take
place like enlargement of size and calcification that
may lead to complete occlusion of lumen of the
coronary artery, resulting in inadequate supply of
oxygen to the heart muscle.

12.  Your respiratory system is made
up of the organs in your body that
help you to breathe. Remember,
that Respiration = Breathing. The
goal of breathing is to deliver
oxygen to the body and to take away
carbon dioxide.

13.  The respiratory system is the group of tissues and
organs in your body that enable you to breathe.
 This system includes your airways, your lungs and
the blood vessels and muscles attached to them
that work together so you can breathe.
 The respiratory system's primary function is to
supply oxygen to all the parts of your body. It
accomplishes this through breathing: inhaling
oxygen-rich air and exhaling air filled with carbon
dioxide, which is a waste gas.

14.  THE LUNGS
 TRACHEA
 BRONCHI
 DIAPHRAGM

15.  (a) external respiration, the exchange of oxygen
and carbon dioxide between the environment and
the organism;
 (b) internal respiration, the exchange of oxygen
and carbon dioxide between the internal body
fluids, such as blood, and individual cells; and
 (c) cellular respiration, the biochemical oxidation
of glucose and consequent synthesis of ATP
(adenosine triphosphate).

16.  LUNG CANCER
-the most common type of cancer in the
world. Is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal
cells that start off in one or both lungs; usually in
the cells that line the air passages.
 BRONCHITIS
- is an inflammation or swelling of the
bronchial tubes (bronchi), the air passages
between the nose and the lungs.
 BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
-also called asthma, is a lung disease in which
the airways that carry air into and out of the lungs
become inflamed and narrow.

17.  EMPHYSEMA
- involving damage to the air sacs
(alveoli) in the lungs. As a result, your
body does not get the oxygen it needs.
 TUBERCULOSIS
-Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused
by bacteria called Mycobacterium
tuberculosis. The bacteria usually attack
the lungs, but they can also damage
other parts of the body.

18.  CIGARETTE SMOKING
-If you are a smoker, the smoke you inhale can
slowly corrode your lungs and damage your blood
vessels. The contents of cigarettes can also increase
your blood pressure.
 ALCOHOL DRINKING
-Excessive alcohol intake can increase your blood
pressure and can cause your heat muscles to thicken,
stiffen, and abnormally enlarge which weakens the
heart and reduces its capacity to pump blood. Such
condition is called cardiomyopathy.

19.  LACK OF EXERCISE
-It keeps your heart and lungs fit especially
when you are doing strenuous tasks. Lack of
exercise prevents these vital organs from working
efficiently.
 LACK OF SLEEP
-It can make a person more prone to
cardiovascular ailments such as heart attack and
heart failure. It can also cause high blood
pressure or hypertension.

20.  CARBON MONOXIDE
- an odorless, colorless, and toxic gas. It is
common by-product of fuels that burn such as
gasoline, diesel, propane, natural gas and
kerosene.
 HYDROCARBON
-causes irritation of membranes in the eyes,
nose, and respiratory tract. It is found in motor
oil, gasoline additives, kerosene, paint thinners,
waterproofing agents, and mineral oil based
cosmetic products such as make-up removers and
lotion.

21.  NITROGEN OXIDE
-decreases resistance to infections such as flu
and decreases the capacity of blood to deliver
oxygen. It is produced by high- temperature fuel
combustion such as in motor vehiclesand in
industrial, commercial, and residential sources
that burn fuels.
 SULFUR DIOXIDE
-a colorless gas that has a strong, pungent
odor. It is formed from the burning of sulfur-
containing fuels, from volcanic emissions, and
from smelting of sulfide ore.

22.  SOOT
-an atmospheric pollutant produced from
burning materials such as coal or wood.
 ASBESTOS
-a group of naturally occurring fibrous material.
 RADON
-a natural radioactive gas that found at low levels
outdoors but can be at high levels indoors.
 ARSENIC
-a colorless poisonous chemical that affects the
circulatory system by reducing the number of red and
white blood cells in the body.
 CYANIDE
-a toxic chemical which is used in fumigation,
mining, and electroplating activities. It can also found
in smoke-filled air during fires.

23. JOVI GREGORIO
LALAINE CUNANAN
KRISTAL MINA
CHRISTIAN GALANG