ppt for the presentation of animal nutrition

1. Availability trends of
feedstuffs
G M Lochi
Subject: Animal Feed Resources & Forages Conversation

2. Naturally available
• 1. conventional feeds
• Roughages
• Tree leaves
• Fodder (leguminous and non-leguminous)
• Concentrates
• 2.Non-conventional feeds
• Roots and tuber

3. Conservative form
• Treatments
• Urea, ammonia etc
• Feed Additives

4. ROUGHAGES: (Bulky Feeds)
•  Low energy available and high fiber.
•  It contains average TDN about 50% and Crude Fibers 20% on dry
matter basis.
•  Roughages may be present in succulent or dry form.
•  Succulent roughages are bulky feeds with a high moisture contents.

5. Pastures:
•  It is defined as an area of land covered with forage plants.
•  Usually grasses and legumes.
•  These are used by grazing for animals.
•  They may be natural or cultivated pastures.

6. Dry Roughages:
•  Are bulky feed with low moisture contents.

7. Tree leave as animal feed source

8. Non- Conventional form
Roots and Tubers:
There are extensively use in Europe for livestock feeding.
 The root crop Turnih, Sugar beet, Carrot, Potatoes and Tubers are not roots.
 The chief nutrients in the dry matter of roots and tubers are carbohydrates.
 Manly sugars and roots and starch of tuber or available.

9. feed additives
• Feed additive is an ingredient added to the basic feed mix to fulfill the specific need
or any chemical incorporated in an animal feed for the purpose of improving rate
of gain, feed efficiency or prevention and control of disease.
• used in micro-quantities
• require careful handling and mixing.
• 1. Nutrient feed additives like minerals and vitamin supplements
• 2. Non-nutrient feed additives like antibiotics, antioxidants, coccidiostat and feed
preservatives

10. Conservative form of grass
• Hay
• Silage
• Urea Treatment

11. Hay production

12. Silage production

13. Urea treatment

14. CONCENTRATES
•  All feeds of high available energy per unit weight due to high starch or
protein content and low fiber content.
•  TDN about 75% and CF does not exceed 18%.
•  Concentrates may either be rich in protein or energy or in both.
•  The may be divided into A) Energy Concentrates and B) Protein
Concentrates.

15. CONCENTRATES
• A) Energy Concentrates:
•  Includes serial grains i.e. Oats, Barley, Maize, Millet and Sorghum.
•  They also includes serial byproducts i.e. Wheat bran, Rice bran, etc.
• B) Protein Concentrates:
•  They are further divided in to two origin, a) Plant Origin and
b) Animal Origin.
•

16. CONCENTRATES
• a) Plant Origin:
•  These includes oil seed cakes and meals.
•  They include cotton seed cake, linseed cake, Groundnut Cakes,
Coconut Cakes and Sunflower Cakes.
•  They are rich in Protein 20-50%.
•  They are good source of Phosphorus and poor one of calcium.

17. Animal Origin
•  These contain 35-50% of Protein.
•  They are given to animal in much smaller amount than the oil seed cakes and
meals.
•  They include fish meal, Meat Meal, Whole Meal, Dry Blood Meal, Fresh and
Dry Skin Milk.
•  They are all animal byproducts.
•  They are rich in both Phosphorus and Calcium.

18. Molasses and its Utilization in Livestock
•  Black strip.
•  Cane-molasses is a byproduct in the manufacture of sugar from sugarcane.
•  When sugar is crystallized from the juice, residual remaining after condensed
is called Molasses.
•  The other byproducts from sugarcane are the sugarcane tops and baggase.
•  Only small quantity of can molasses is used for feeding the livestock.

19. Molasses and its Utilization in Livestock
• A great amount of cane-molasses is utilized for the production of alcohol,
yeast and other fermentation products.
• It has about 55% of sugar,
• It has 2.8-3.0% protein and this consist low nutritive value.