DESIGN AND 3D PRINTING OF SPUR GEARS

1. 3D PRINTING OF SPUR GEAR
A Lab project work submitted to
K L University under the partial fulfilment of
B.Tech (4 Year) during 2017-18
BY
S.NO NAME ID NO
1 CHAITANYA 150070090
2 TIRUPATHI 150070099
3 AVINASH 150070103
4 SRIKAR 150070108
Under the guidance of
DR.KIRAN KUMAR SIR
K.L. UNIVERSITY
Green fields, Vaddeswaram , Guntur Dist.522502

2. DECLARATION
We declare that the project workentitled “3D PRINTING OF SPUR GEAR” was carried out by us
during March 2019, and this work is not the same as that of any other and has not been
submitted for award of any other degree/diploma
Place: Signature of the Student
Date:

3. K.L. UNIVERSITY
Green fields, Vaddeswaram , Guntur Dist.
CERTIFICATE
This is certifying that this project work entitled “3D PRINTING OF SPUR GEAR” By
150070090, 150070099,150070103,150070108 is a Bonafede work carried out by them in
Department of Mechanical.
Project supervisor Head of the Department

4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We express my sincere gratitude to -------------------------------------------------for encouraging
and guiding us to undertake this project work.
We express my deep sense of gratitude to --------------------------------and ……………….our
beloved course lecturers of department for their encouragement.
Place:
Date:

5. ABSTRACT
In the recent trends of rapid prototyping, all are going towards the additive
layer manufacturing process. Most common technique of additive layer
manufacturing is 3D printing. 3D printing is the process of making a physical
component in the three-dimensional aspects, by generating many thin layers
of material. In the 3D printer, any component is generated with different in-fill
patterns. By changing the parameters, it resultant to change in the important
parameters like strength and material cost. This research paper is to optimize
the most economical infill patterns use in 3D printing which is fulfilling all
required aspects. And develop a component in the lowest material
consumption. Validating of the optimization method by comparing the physical
properties, time consumption, cost of traditional manufacturing methods and
additive manufacturing method.
We are using 3D printer to fabricate Spur Gear with specified and
standard dimensions.

7. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
LITERATUTE REVIEW
METHODOLOGY
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
A gear is a rotating machine part having cut teeth, which mesh with another
toothed part to transmit torque, in mostcases with teeth on the one gear
being of identical shape, and often also with the shape on the other gear.
Two or more gears working in a sequenceare called a gear train or, in many
cases, a transmission gear.
INgear arrangements can producea mechanical advantagethrough a gear
ratio and thus may be considered a simple machine.
 Spur gears are the mosteasily visualized common gears that transmit
motion between two parallel shafts.
 When two spur gears are in mesh.
 The gear with more teeth is called the gear and the one with the smaller
number of teeth is called “PINION”.

8.  HISTORY: Early of, severalsignificantdisadvantages wereidentified
with the solid gear design. The location of the intermediate drivedirectly
effects the alignment of the pinion and spur gear teeth in mesh. The
intermediate drive location in the cover plate and the tapped hole
location in the spur gear.
 PARTS OF THE SPUR GEAR:
 Pitch circle.
 Tooth profile.
 Base circle.
 Pitch circle wholedepth.
 Addendum.
 Root (Tooth Fillet).
 Line of action.
 PressureAngle.
 Working depth.
 Circular Tooth Thickness.
 Circular Pitch.

9.  Outsidediameter.
 Clearance.
 WORKING OF SPUR GEARS:
 Spur gears are the most common type of gears and they have
the straight teeth are mounted on parallel shafts.
 It also increases, the stress on the gear on the gear teeth.
 TO reduce the noise and stress in the gears, most of the gears
in your car are helical.
 Spur gears are regularly used for speed reduction or increase,
torque multiplication, resolution and accuracy enhancement
for positioning systems.
 The teeth run parallel to the gear axis and can only transfer
motion between parallel axis gear sets.
 Spur gear mate only one tooth at a time, resulting in high stress
on the mating teeth and noisy operation.

10.  ADVANTAGES OF SPUR GEARS:
 Spur gears are simple components, very easy to design and install in
drive mechanisms.
 They are very straightforward, and they are ideal for limited spaces.
 These gears are suitable for driving systems because they have
more power transmission efficiency.
 A spur gear is built with teeth made straight and parallel to the axis of
the gear. Eliminating any issue of axial thrust allowing ball bearings
to be installed.
 Spur gears are more efficient compared to helical gears with the
same size.
 They are quite reliable and offer constant velocity.
 Spur gears are also considered a member of positive transmission
because they don’t have any slippage.
 DISADVANTAGES:
 Spur gears generate too much noise when operated at high speeds. The
wheel's teeth experience a great amount of stress. Theycannot be used for
transferring energyover long distances. Theyare not as resilient when
compared to other types of gears.
 APPLICATIONS OF SPUR GEARS:
The many advantages of spur gears ensure that these gears are used in a wide
varietyof high speed and high load applications, in all types of gear trains and
across a wide range of velocity ratios. Spur gears are also suitable for high
torque-low speed drives such as kilns, ball mills, and sugar mills.
 3 D PRINTING:
3 D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), refers to
processes used to create a three-dimensional object in which layers of
material are formed under computer control to create an object can be

11. of almost any shapeor geometry and typically are produced using digital
model data froma 3D model or another electronic data sourcesuch as
an Additive Manufacturing File (AMF) file.
LITERATURE REVIEW
To fabricate a component in 3D printing, we have to design it in a design
software and best is SOLID WORKS.
References:
Machine drawing by K.L.NARAYANA for dimensions.
 3 D PRINTING:
3 D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), refers to
processes used to create a three-dimensional object in which layers of
material are formed under computer control to create an object. Objects
can be of almost any shape or geometry and typically are produced
using digital model data from a 3D model or another electronic data
sourcesuch as an Additive Manufacturing File (AMF) file.
The term "3D printing" originally referred to a process that deposits
a binder material onto a powder bed with inkjetprinter heads layer by
layer.
 HISTRY: Early additive manufacturing equipment and materials
were developed in the 1980s.[
In 1981, Hideo
Kodama of Nagoya Municipal IndustrialResearch Institute

12. invented two additive methods for fabricating three-dimensional
plastic models with photo-hardening thermosetpolymer, where
the UV exposure area is controlled by a mask pattern or a
scanning fiber transmitter.
 MODELLING: 3D printablemodels may be created with
a computer-aided design (CAD) package, via a 3D scanner, or by a
plain digital camera and photogrammetry software. 3D printed
models created with CAD result in reduced errors and can be
corrected beforeprinting, allowing verification in the design of the
object beforeit is printed.
 MATERIAL: ABS plastic is widely used. But it is not recyclable.
 APPLICATIONS:
 Radio prototyping .
 Tool room manufacturing.
 Fashion designing.
 Power train design and manufacturing.
METHODOLOGY
 DIMENSIONS:

13.  SOLID WORK DESIGN:
 DISK:

14. CONCLUSION
By performing this project, we had learnt the design of spur gear
terminology, solving related problem, calculating safety factor of it
and the safe arrangement of it. In future it will be helpful for us to
choose the right gear among various types of gears.