Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person

1. INTRODUCTION TO THE
PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN
PERSON
LESSON 1

3. WHAT IS PHILOSPHY?
PHILIA SOPHIA
love wisdom
the strong desire to the concept of
applying knowledge correctly

4. PHILOSOPHY IS ALSO
DEFINED AS SCIENCE THAT
BY NATURAL LIGHT OF
REASON, STUDIES THE FIRST
CAUSE OR HIGHEST
PRINCIPLE OF ALL THINGS.

5. IN OTHER WORDS…
THE SCIENCE THAT STUDIES
BEING IN THEIR ULTIMATE
CAUSES, REASONS AND
PRINCIPLES.

6. THE FIRST CAUSE OF HIGHEST PRINCIPLES
•Principle of Identity – everything is its own being
•Principle of Non-Contradiction – it is impossible to
be and not to be at the same time
•Principle of Excluded Middle – everything must
being and not being.
•Principle of First Reason – nothing exist without
sufficient reason.

7. BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY
PHILOSOPHY
Metaphysics Ethics Epistemology Logic Aesthetics

8. METAPHYSICS
• Concepts of things that
cannot be experienced.
• considers the physical
universe and the nature of
ultimate reality.
• Moral, Mathematical and
Scientific ideas

9. ETHICS
• questioning of morals and personal
values.
• Explores the nature of moral virtues
virtues and evaluates human actions.
actions.
• Religion-based morality to
philosophical ethics.

10. EPISTEMOLOGY
• Study of nature and scope of knowledge and
justified belief.
• considers how people come to learn what they
know.
• It explains; (1) how we know, what we claim to
claim to know (2) how can we find out what we
what we want to know (3) how can we
differentiate truth from falsehood.

11. HOW DO WE ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE?
•INDUCTION METHOD (EMPIRICISM)
Knowledge is attained through
senses.
•DEDUCTION METHOD (RATIONALISM)
it is important to find the general law
according to which fact can be

12. LOGIC
• Study of reasons.
• Principle and concepts of valid
argument.
• Logic has two types: deductive
and inductive reasoning.

13. AESTHETICS
• the examination of what is beautiful,
enjoyable, or tasteful
• Importance of aesthetics
• It vitalizes our knowledge.
• It helps us to live more deeply and richly
• It brings us in touch with our culture.

14. SCIENCE – sensory emotional
value.
SOCIAL SCIENCE – critical
reflection on ARTS, CULTURE,
and NATURE.
ART DISCIPLINE – theories in

15. WHY BECOME A
PHILOSOPHER?
ON ATTAINING A COMPREHENSIVE OUTLOOK IN LIFE

17. EXPANDING THE PHILOSOPHICAL FRAMES
OCCIDENTAL/
WESTERN
FILIPINO
OREINTAL/
EASTERN
ATTITUDINAL
IMPERATIVES
1.Contrast in
Propensity
2.Distinction between
Religion in
Philosophy
3.Validity of Intuition

18. FILIPINO THINKING: FROM LOCAL TO
GLOBAL
• Loob: Holistic and Interior
Dimensions
• Filipino Philosophy of Time
• Bahala Na
• Filipino Thoughts and Values :
Positive and Negative Aspects

19. TRANSCENDING AND AIMING FOR LIFE OF
ABUNDANCE
• ABUNDANCE IS NOT WHAT WE GATHER BUT
WHAT WE SCATTER.
• ABINDANCE IS NOT WHAT WE KEEP BUT
WHAT WE GIVE AWAY.
• ABUNDANCE IS NOT WHAT WE HOLD BUT
WHAT WE SHARE.
• ABUNDANCE IS A CHOICE.
• ABUNDANCE IS TO EVOLVE INTO A HIGHER
BEING.

20. PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION
DO YOU THINK PHILOSOPHY IS IMPORTANT IN THE AGE OF
GLOBALIZATION? WHY?

21. TO SUM UP
•Philosophy covers a great deal of
conceptual, complex and value laden
process.
•Broad understanding of philosophy
stressed not just for human but other
living beings.