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Medieval and Early Modern
Accounts in the Digital Age
Between Digital Edition and Excel
Charts
Monuments or Documents? Accounts: Sources for the History of Social Control (13th-18th centuries), Brussels 13.-15.12.2012
Ed. Bizjak 2005, S. 1 BayHStA KL Freising 69, fol. 10'
„number orientied“ Edition
The Alcalá
account book:
Royal Irish
college of Saint
George the
Martyr
(1649-1785)
<http://archives.forasfeasa.ie/>
Why there are so few number oriented digital
edition of accounts?
1. Digital edition has been developed as
solution for complex textual tradition.
2. The paradigm of source oriented edition
hinders numeric interpretation.
"De-facto standard" TEI:
• TEI (Text Encoding Initiative)
– Provides only tei:measure(@commodity, @unit,
@value, @type)
• Enhancements?
– Transaction (Syd Bauman, Kathryn Tomasek)
– „bookkeeping“ (bk:entry, bk:amount(quantity,
unit), bk:i/bk:d, bk:account);
bk:price(tei:measure[1], tei:measure[2])
Test case
• BayHStA
Staatsverwaltung 1378:
Rechnung des Vitztums
von Straubing Peter von
Eck, 1335
(ed. Vogeler 1999)
<bk:tuple xml:id="E.VI.">
<bk:entry bk:id="26.">
<bk:account>bk:Gerichtseinnahmen</bk:account>
<bk:amount bk:as="bk:i">
<bk:num value="1680"/>
<bk:unit name="d."/>
<bk:date>1335-04-02 – 1335-05-02</bk:date>
</bk:amount>
</bk:entry>
…
<bk:entry bk:id="29.">
<bk:account>bk:Gerichtseinnahmen</bk:account>
<bk:amount bk:as="bk:i">
<bk:num value="1440"/>
<bk:unit name="d."/>
</bk:amount>
</bk:entry>
<bk:entry bk:id="30.">
<bk:account>bk:Gerichtseinnahmen</bk:account>
<bk:amount bk:as="bk:i">
<bk:num value="2160"/>
<bk:unit name="d."/>
</bk:amount>
</bk:entry>
…
<bk:total bk:scope="E.VI." bk:id="summa">
<bk:account>bk:Gerichtseinnahmen</bk:account>
<bk:amount bk:as="bk:i">
<bk:num value="12000"/>
<bk:unit name="d."/>
</bk:amount>
</bk:total>
</bk:tuple>
<list xml:id="E.VI.">
<head>In iudicio Chamb</head>
<item n="26.">De eodem iudicio ea hora, qua
caruit iudice de<lb />
putato, a <date when="1335-04-02">dominica
Iudica</date> usque in <date when="1335-05-
02">vigiliam invencionis<lb />
sancte crucis</date> per <num value="5">
v</num> ebdomadas de conductu et de
omnibus<lb />
conquisitis ultra expensis <measure type=
"currency" unit="lib.d."><num value="7">
vii</num> lib.</measure><lb /></item>
…
<item n="29.">Lävtwein de Ryedorn <measure
type="currency" unit="lib.d."><num value="6">
vi</num> lib.</measure><lb /></item>
<item><del>de hutariis in Chamb et Ätzlärn
<measure type="currency" unit="lib.d."><num
value="18">xviii</num> lib.</measure></del>
<lb /></item>
<item n="30.">Schaffer de Guotendorf <measure
type="currency" unit="lib.d."><num value="9">
viiii<seg rend="superscript">or</seg></num>
lib.</measure><lb /></item>
…
<item n="summa">Summa iudicii Chamb
<measure type="currency" unit="lib.d."><num
value="50">l</num> lib.</measure><lb />
</item>
</list>
Example
http://gams.uni-graz.at/rem
http://gams.uni-graz.at/rem
http://gams.uni-graz.at/rem
Conclusion
We need a (simple) common modell describing
historical accounting facts digitally,
that can be inscribed into TEI files and used as
image annotation.
Georg Vogeler
georg.vogeler@uni-graz.at
S

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Medieval and Early Modern Accounts in the Digital Age

  • 1. Medieval and Early Modern Accounts in the Digital Age Between Digital Edition and Excel Charts Monuments or Documents? Accounts: Sources for the History of Social Control (13th-18th centuries), Brussels 13.-15.12.2012
  • 2. Ed. Bizjak 2005, S. 1 BayHStA KL Freising 69, fol. 10'
  • 3. „number orientied“ Edition The Alcalá account book: Royal Irish college of Saint George the Martyr (1649-1785) <http://archives.forasfeasa.ie/>
  • 4. Why there are so few number oriented digital edition of accounts? 1. Digital edition has been developed as solution for complex textual tradition. 2. The paradigm of source oriented edition hinders numeric interpretation.
  • 5. "De-facto standard" TEI: • TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) – Provides only tei:measure(@commodity, @unit, @value, @type) • Enhancements? – Transaction (Syd Bauman, Kathryn Tomasek) – „bookkeeping“ (bk:entry, bk:amount(quantity, unit), bk:i/bk:d, bk:account); bk:price(tei:measure[1], tei:measure[2])
  • 6. Test case • BayHStA Staatsverwaltung 1378: Rechnung des Vitztums von Straubing Peter von Eck, 1335 (ed. Vogeler 1999)
  • 7. <bk:tuple xml:id="E.VI."> <bk:entry bk:id="26."> <bk:account>bk:Gerichtseinnahmen</bk:account> <bk:amount bk:as="bk:i"> <bk:num value="1680"/> <bk:unit name="d."/> <bk:date>1335-04-02 – 1335-05-02</bk:date> </bk:amount> </bk:entry> … <bk:entry bk:id="29."> <bk:account>bk:Gerichtseinnahmen</bk:account> <bk:amount bk:as="bk:i"> <bk:num value="1440"/> <bk:unit name="d."/> </bk:amount> </bk:entry> <bk:entry bk:id="30."> <bk:account>bk:Gerichtseinnahmen</bk:account> <bk:amount bk:as="bk:i"> <bk:num value="2160"/> <bk:unit name="d."/> </bk:amount> </bk:entry> … <bk:total bk:scope="E.VI." bk:id="summa"> <bk:account>bk:Gerichtseinnahmen</bk:account> <bk:amount bk:as="bk:i"> <bk:num value="12000"/> <bk:unit name="d."/> </bk:amount> </bk:total> </bk:tuple> <list xml:id="E.VI."> <head>In iudicio Chamb</head> <item n="26.">De eodem iudicio ea hora, qua caruit iudice de<lb /> putato, a <date when="1335-04-02">dominica Iudica</date> usque in <date when="1335-05- 02">vigiliam invencionis<lb /> sancte crucis</date> per <num value="5"> v</num> ebdomadas de conductu et de omnibus<lb /> conquisitis ultra expensis <measure type= "currency" unit="lib.d."><num value="7"> vii</num> lib.</measure><lb /></item> … <item n="29.">Lävtwein de Ryedorn <measure type="currency" unit="lib.d."><num value="6"> vi</num> lib.</measure><lb /></item> <item><del>de hutariis in Chamb et Ätzlärn <measure type="currency" unit="lib.d."><num value="18">xviii</num> lib.</measure></del> <lb /></item> <item n="30.">Schaffer de Guotendorf <measure type="currency" unit="lib.d."><num value="9"> viiii<seg rend="superscript">or</seg></num> lib.</measure><lb /></item> … <item n="summa">Summa iudicii Chamb <measure type="currency" unit="lib.d."><num value="50">l</num> lib.</measure><lb /> </item> </list>
  • 9.
  • 13. Conclusion We need a (simple) common modell describing historical accounting facts digitally, that can be inscribed into TEI files and used as image annotation. Georg Vogeler georg.vogeler@uni-graz.at
  • 14. S

Editor's Notes

  1. Bizjak, Die mittelalterlichen Abrechnungen des Hochstifts Freising 1: Abrechnungen der Herrschaften Škofja Loka und Klevevž 1395 – 1401 Hier der „hilflose“ Versuch, mit der Druckform einen Kompromiss zu finden. Klare Frage: Würde eine Computeredition die Bedeutung nicht eigentlich viel besser darstellen können? Bestandsaufnahme digialte Editionen: Digitale Rechnungseditionen: Reine Bilder z.B. hier (BLO) <http://www.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de/abrechnung> Bethlehem Accounts <http://bdhp.moravian.edu/community_records/business/ledgers/ledger.html>
  2. Einzige mir bekannte zahlenorientierte digitale Rechnungseditionen!
  3. => Selten. Dabei liegt doch "Zahlenorientierte Edition" nahe? Ad 1.: Varianz, genetic edition, Text-Bild-Bezug => Rechnungen sind Einzelstücke ohne Kopiale Überlieferung => Rechnung wäre dann documentary editing (Bilder!) ad. 2.: 1. Bild als schnellster und billigster Zugangsweg zu unikalen/seltenen Textquellen („Digitalisierung“ als Synonym für „Scan“) 2. Diskussion der 80er Jahre (DB vs Thallers quellennahe Datenverarbeitung, der die Interpretationsschichten hinzugefügt werden) => Historical Railroad Employees Database Search: Payrolls in Datenbank <http://railroads.unl.edu/> ist dann keine Edition
  4. Ein weiterer Grund für die Behinderung ist eine „wissenschaftspolitische“: die TEI hat sich als de facto Standard entwickelt. Ist ein Modellierungsvorschlag, der zunächst stark linguistisch und literaturwissenschaftlich geprägt war, sich dann der quellennahen Dokumentation gewidmet hat – Und ganz konkrete Probleme mit der Repräsentation von essentiellen Rechnungsfakten hat:
  5. Beispiel PvE: Streichung => genetic edition!