The document provides details about the internship of Farooque Ahmed Mahar in the Services Department of Sui Southern Gas Company (SSGC) from May 12 to August 6, 2021. It describes the various systems maintained by the Services Department, including heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), elevators, water filtration, power generation, and electrical supply from K-Electric. The internship aimed to provide learning opportunities and help the intern gain familiarity with different machines and systems used at SSGC.

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SUI SOUTHERN GAS COMPANY
LIMITED
INTERNSHIP REPORT
NAME. FAROOQUE AHMED MAHAR
DEP: ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY: MUHAMMADALI JINNAH UNIVERSITY
KARACHI
INTERNSHIP DURATION: 12 MAY-6, AUG.2021
FOR: Services departmentHead Office (SSGC) Karachi

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The internship opportunity that I had with SSGC was a
great chance for learning and professional development.
I am grateful for having a chance to meet professionals
who led through this internship period. I am thankful to
all the executives/technicians for their constant support
and guidance.

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CONTENTS
1.Introduction.………………………………………………5-6
2. Aim of Internship…………………………….…………6
3. Services Department …………………………….…..7
3.1) HVAC……………………………………………………………7
3.2) Absorption Chiller ..………………………………………8
3.3) Evaporator……………………………………………………8
3.4) Absorber ……………………………………………………..9
3.5) High Pressure Generator.……………………………..9
3.6) Low Pressure Generator………………………………10
3.7) Condenser…………………………………………………..10
3.8) Air Handling Unit…………………………………………11
4. Elevators……………………………………………………12
4.1) Water Filtration and Fire Hydrant Sys………….12
5. Power Generation……………………………………..13
5.1) Waukesha………………………………………………….14-15
5.2). Guascor ……………………………………………………15-16
5.3) Caterpillar………………………………………………….16

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6. K-Electric Supply………………………………………..17
6.1) Transformers …………………………………………..17
6.2) Circuit Breakers……………………………………….17
6.3) Air Circuit Breakers………………………………….18
7. Capacitor Banks………………………………………..19
8.UPS Room…………………………………………..…….20

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1.INTRODUTION:
Sui Southern Gas Company (SSGC) is a Public Listed
Large Scale Company and is a Pakistan's leading
integrated gas Company. The Government or Pakistan
directly and indirectly owns the majority of the
shareholding of Company. The company is engaged in
the business of transmission and distribution of
natural gas besides installation of high pressure
transmission and low pressure distribution systems.

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Sui Gas Transmission Company Limited was formed in
1954 with a primary responsibility of gas purification
at the Sui field in Baluchistan and its transmission to
the consumption centers at Karachi. Two distribution
companies were established in 1955 and were
responsible for the distribution of gas to consumers in
Karachi and other towns along the route of the
transmission pipeline between Sui and Karachi. In
1985, these two distribution companies were merged
to form southern Gas Company Limited and later, in
1989, Southern Gas Company Limited and Sui Gas
Company Limited were merged to form a Sui Southern
Gas Company Limited.
2)AIM OF THIS INTERNSHIP:
The aim of this internship was to have learning
opportunities for the development of skill. Secondly to
learn and develop professional skills. I got familiar
with different machines. It was quite a good
experience.

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3) SERVICES DEPARTMENT
The services department in SSGC is responsible for
maintaining Heat Ventilation. Air conditioning(HVAC)
and power generation systems. HVAC maintains Heat
Chillers, Fire hydrant system, Water filtration and
elevators.
3.1) HVAC (HEATING VENTILATION AND
AIR CONDITIONIN:
This department deals with the Heating, Ventilation
and Air-conditioning of all the 9 floors of the building.
Cooling towers are installed at the roof top of the
building while the chillers are installed in the
basement and they run throughout the day. This
Department also maintains the elevator system, water
filtration plant Building Management System(BMS)
and Air Handling Units(AHU). The parts of HVAC are
described as under:

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3.2) ABSORPTIONCHILLAR:
There are two chillers of Mitsubishi weighing 450 tons
each. They work on the principle of thermodynamics.
In this system, pure water is used as a refrigerant and
lithium bromide is used as an absorbent while gas is
used as a source of energy. Furthermore, the chiller
consists of the main shell with low pressure generator,
condenser, absorber, evaporator and a separate shell
with high pressure generator.
3.3) AVAPORATOR
Pure water is pumped up and sprayed over evaporator
tube, it takes the heat from the chilled water flowing
in the tubes. This water is used for air conditioning for
building and process cooling for factory and then it is
evaporated. The pressure the lower shell is 6mm Hg
abs and the refrigerator Evaporates at about 5°C.
When the chilled water enters the evaporator, it is
cooled down It about 7°C.

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3.4) ABSORBER:
The lithium bromide solution that is returned from the
low temperature neat exchanger is sprayed over the
absorber at the tubes of absorber and it absorbs the
refrigerant vapor from the evaporator continuously to
become dilute. The heat generated here is removed
by the cooling water flowing in the absorber tubes.
3.5) HIGH PRESSUREGENERATORE:
The diluted solution is send to the low temperature
heat exchanger by the solution pump. Half of the
dilute solution flows into the high pressure generator
through the high temperature heat exchanger and is
heated by burning gas flowing inside the furnace.
Now, some of the refrigerant in the solution
evaporates and the dilute solution is concentrated.
The burning gas is send to the smoke duct passing
through the furnace.

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3.6) LOW PRESSUREGENERATORE:
The remaining dilute solution is send to the low
pressure generator and it is concentrated by the
refrigerant vapor generated in the high pressure
generator. Then concentrated solution from the low
pressure generator mixes with the intermediate
concentrated solution returned from the high
pressure generator through the high temperature
heat exchanger and then passes through the low
temperature heat exchanger and at last it Is sprayed in
the upper parts of tubes in the absorber.
3.7) CONDENSOR:
It cools down the refrigerant vapor formed in the low
pressure generator and the refrigerant is drained in
the tubes of low pressure generator, cool water flows
into the condenser tubes. Now this condensed
refrigerant is sent to the upper part of the evaporator
through the pipe connected and then it is sprayed on
the external Surface of the evaporator tubes.

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3.8) AIR HANDLING UNIT(AHU):
The AHU is used to control the following parameters
of the space.
i. Temperature
ii. Humidity
iii. Air Movement
iv. Air Cleanliness
These units are distributed floor wise in the whole
building. The supply duct is directly connected to AHU.
The standardized components are interchangeable.
These components are facilitated by removable panels
and access doors.

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4) ELEVATOR
There are four elevators in head office which are
controlled by machine controlled unit. Each elevator
can carry weight of 1600 kg and has a 30kW driving
motor attached to a pulley system. Safety gears are
also there for emergency situations. There is a
generator rope which is used to pull the elevator if it
gets stuck.
4.1) WATER FILTRATON AND FIRE
HYDRANT SYSTEM:
The red color water pipes are used for fire hydrant
system which can be seen on each and every floor of
the building. They lead to the fire hose which is to be
used in emergencies. There is an alarming system as
well which is present on the ground floor. A water
filtration system is also present which is used to
remove unwanted impurities from water such as
sediment, taste and odour, hardness and bacteria to
result in better quality water.

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5) POWER GENERATION:
Power generating system are generally treated as heat
engines to convert heat input into work, hence to
produce electricity at a sustained rate. SSGC uses their
own generators as a primary source of power during
the office hours and KE supply is used after office
hours. The company has the largest production of
Natural gas. Which is used as a fuel for the engine of
generators.
There are five generators overall, 2 Waukesha,1
Gauscor and 1 caterpillar (CAT).CAT Generator is for
backup if any of the generator shuts down or if a fault
1.763MW whereas maximum operating load is of
1.2MW.

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5.1) WAUKESHA:
Waukesha generator sets are built for efficiency,
durability and longevity, and
provide reliable power for continuous and
intermittent power applications. These
generators come with VHP engines that are built
sturdy, last long and are known tor
their durability. SSGC has two Waukesha generators
which were bought in 2002.Following are its
specification:
1.Power: 440 KW
2.Power Rating: 550 KVA(each)
3.No. of Cylinder: 6 side each
4.Power Factor: 0.8
5.No. of Batteries: 4 each
6.Fuel: Gas
7.Maximum temperature:630°C
8.Revolution: 1000 rpm
9.Current Capacity: 760 Amps

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These two generators are synchronized with the help
of control panel and their output
1s displayed on Waukesha Enigmatic Control and
Engine Oil.
5.2) GUASCOR:
This generator is used tor CRD medical building.
Following are its specification:
Power Rating: 523 KW
Power Factor: 0.93
No. of Batteries: 2
Revolution: 1500 rpm
Current Capacity: 940 Amps

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5.4) CATERPILLAR:
This generator is used as a backup source in SSGC. It's
specification are mentioned
as under:
1.Power Rating: 45OKVA
2.Power :360K W
3.No. of Cylinders: 12
4.Power factor: 0.8
5.Ambient Temperature: 40°C
6.Current Capacity: 649 Amps
7.Revolution: 1500 rpm

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6) K-ELECTRIC SUPPLY:
KE supply is used after office hours when generators
are turned off. The supply
is of 11KV.This 11KV is stepped down to 440V and is
used for various operations.
6.1) TRANSFORMERS:
Two step down transformers of 1250 KVA are used to
step down the KE Supply
which is of 11KV to 440 V.
6.2) CIRCUIT BREAKERS:
Air circuit breaker(ACB) is used here. Usually, ACB is
used for the protection of
11KV system.

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6.3) AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER(ACB):
Air Circuit Breaker (ACB) is an electronic equipment
that is used for the protection
or electric circuits from short circuits or overcurrent.
The ACB Operates a
atmospheric pressure in air. ACB is used in the
switching mechanism and protection
or the electrical system. They are used in low voltage
application below 490V.

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7) CAPACITOR BANK:
A Capacitor bank is merely a group Several capacitors
of the same rating. Capacitor banks may be connected
in series or parallel, depending upon the desired
rating. As with an individual capacitor, bank of
capacitors is used to store electrical energy and
condition the flow of that energy. Increasing the
number of capacitors in a bank will increase the
capacity of energy can be stored on a single device.
The resulting device is then used to improve The of
the power factor the power which is generated from
the generators. The improvement is is from 0.7 to
0.9pf.

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8) UPS ROOM:
Two UPS of 100KVA and 80KVA are placed as a backup
incase fluctuation
Occurs. Each UPS has 36 batteries with 12 V each.

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