The Renaissance in Italy

2. 1. What is the Renaissance? Can you
recall why the Renaissance
happened?
2. How would you describe the
impact the Renaissance had on
Europe? Do you believe it had a
positive or negative impact?
Why?

3. Why do you think the
Renaissance began in Italy?

4.  Why do you believe the
Renaissance began in Italy?
 Also, list 2 main
characteristics from the
Renaissance period.

5. Italy encouraged trade.
Trade encouraged new
ideas / culture.

6. Adventure, Curiosity,
Exploration, Education

7.  Open up to page 414
 Take out Renaissance Men Chart
 You and a partner must list the
accomplishments and techniques on the
chart
 Report accomplishments and techniques
on the white board.

8.  It was the most widely used book of the time

9.  It brought information to large numbers of
people quickly, it encouraged the rise of
literacy

10.  They were both thriving centers of trade for
Europe.

11.  Religious upheaval, realism in the human
form and in daily life, and classical themes

12.  They stressed education and classical
learning hoping to bring about religious and
moral reform.

13.  Believed all people should have access to
religious and classical learning

14.  More believed in a society in which all people
were educated.

15.  A growing middle class had more money and
time for entertainment. Because of the
printing press education increased. Book
were more available.

16.  They helped raise literacy by writing in the
vernacular, they focused on individual and
religious themes.

17.  An emphasis on the individual, realism and
the importance of the classics.

18.  One way renaissance artists reflected the
new ideas of humanism was by painting
a. Large gothic style buildings
b. Stylized rather than realistic people
c. Well known people of the day

19.  The word means “rebirth”
 Started in Italy during the 14th century and
lasted for about 250 years.
 The rebirth of arts and culture will continue to
build from this point on.
 A time of creativity that brought political, social,
economic and cultural change
 better understanding of things from new
technologies and creative thinking

20. Why does the Renaissance happen?
 1) Crusades
 Contact with the advanced Arab civilization.
 Books of ancient Greece and Rome are back.
 Chemistry, medicine and gunpowder
 2) Marco Polo
 Trade brings luxuries and new ideas.
 3) Universities
 New ideas lead to questions.
 Even the Church!

21. ▪ center of the Roman empire
▪ humanists could study ancient art
and architecture here
▪ The Roman Catholic church
supported many artists and
scholars
▪ location on the Med sea and it’s
encouraged trade and supplied the
wealth to fuel Italy’s Renaissance
▪ Trade routes Gave Italians access
to Muslim knowledge.

22.  Urbanization = growth of cities lead to an
urban society focused on trade.
 Human Experience = Shift from religion and
spirituality to the Focus on Individuals
 Still portrayed religious figures, but in a classical
background
 Reintroduced classical forms like life-size
sculptures

23. • Perspective
– Making distant objects appear smaller than closer
objects
– Gave images depth
• 3D
• Shading and new oil paints
– Made objects look round and more realistic
• Study of human anatomy
– used life models to portray the human body more
accurately

24.  A blend of beauty and functionality
 Rejected medieval gothic styles for classical
styles
 Arches, columns, domes
 The Cathedral in Florence
 (Duomo of Florence)

25.  Rich merchants and bankers
 Gained political control of Florence
 Financial supporters of the Renaissance
 Ex.The Medici Family of Florence
 Invited philosophers and artists to their palace

26.  During the Middle
Ages, art was
declining and very
little improvements
in art techniques
were made.
 Architecture in the
Middle Ages followed
the gothic style.

27.  Linear Perspective – all objects in a painting are
proportionate.
 Landscapes – pictures of the land, flowers,
mountains, trees, etc.
 Aerial Perspective – object become less detailed
and distinct the farther away they are in the picture

28.  Humanist movement
for art to revolve
around human ideas
and events.
 New techniques were
created to allow the
artists to use
perspective to create
realistic art.

29.  Renaissance painters
studied Greek and
Roman paintings.
 Most paintings
reflected the
humanist ideas and
either focused on an
individual or a human
event.

30.  Sculptures during the
Renaissance often
reflected either
religious or Ancient
Greek and Roman
subjects.
 The primary goal of
the sculpture is to
capture the human
feeling.

31.  Church murals were very popular during the
Renaissance. The church would pay artists to
create elaborate paintings and sculptures to
decorate their churches. The most famous is
the Sistine Chapel in Rome.

33.  Architecture during
the Renaissance is
based on Greek and
Roman styles.
 Domes, arches,
and pillars are
common features in
Renaissance
architecture.

34.  1401-1427, one of the founders of
the Renaissance.
 Painter
 Known for his use of perception to
create 3D images.
 Famous works include: Madonna
with St. Anne (1423) andTrinity
(1425).

35. Renaissance inventor, painter and
sculptor. *1452-1519 mostly in
Florence. *One of the greatest
minds in history.
* sketched helicopters, machine guns, submarines,
and tanks
*incredible sketches of the human body and its
workings
* one sketch recently sold for 11 million dollars at
auction

40.  15’ by 30’ on the wall of an Italian church.
 Moment Jesus tells disciples “One of you will betray me.”

42. Mona Lisa –
* most valuable painting
the world by daVinci.
• Woman is unknown.
• Perhaps a self-portrait
of Leonardo as a
woman.

43. • Painter, Sculptor, Engineer, Scientist,
Inventor, Musician
• Oil Painting
• Sfumato - painting technique which overlays
translucent layers of colour to create perceptions
of depth, volume and form. In particular, it refers
to the blending of colours or tones so subtly that
there is no perceptible transition

44. Renaissance Man Accomplishments Evidence of Renaissance ideas and Techniques
Leonardo da Vinci -sketches of nature
and models in his
studio
-Mona Lisa
-the Last Supper
-sketches of flying
machines and
undersea boats
-endless curiosity
-dissected corpses to
gain knowledge of
bones and muscle
system
-many different
talents: botany,
anatomy, optics, music,
architecture,
engineering
-perspective and
shading

45. Michelangelo – 1475 – 1564 A.D. sculptor,
painter worked in Florence and Rome for the
Popes.
Pieta: Mary holding
the dead Jesus
after the
crucifixion
Bibilical King who
killed Goliath.

46.  Pope hired Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
– Biblical scenes from the OldTestament. Masterpieces.
▪ Spent four years painting. Much of it on his back many feet
above the floor.
▪ Recently cleaned to reveal true splendor.
▪ Most famous scene: God creating Adam.

49.  Sculptor
 Painter
 Architect
 Poet

50.  1483-1520. Known for his youth
and humanistic approach to art.
Studied under Leonardo and
Michelangelo.
 Painter.
 Famous works include:The
Marriage of theVirgin (1504),
Stanza della Segnatura (1511),
Transfiguration (Unfinished at
his death).

51. Raffaelo Sanzio
Worked in the
Vatican library,
painting, while
Michelangelo
worked in the
Vatican Chapel

52. Michelangelo -David
-Pieta
-Sistine chapel
-dome of St. Peters
Cathedral
-sculptor, engineer,
painter, architect, and
poet
-biblical themes in
traditionally Greek
style
-
Raphael -School of Athens
- Studied under
Leonardo and
Michelangelo
-blended Christian and
Classical Styles
-focus on individuals

53.  Tommaso di Ser Giovanni di Mone Cassai
 Uses space well
 Shows shadows
 Gives his figures believable emotional response to the story
 Used one point perspective
Brancacci
Chapel in
Florence, Italy
Frescoe

54. Donatello di Niccolo di
Betto Bardi
Greatest sculpture of
Renaissance time
• Created in Bronze,
Stone, Clay, and
Wood
• Sculptures
represented real,
believable, living
people, caught in an
emotional moment
Donatello’s
David

56. • Niccolo Machiavelli -1469 -1527 in Florence,
Italy. Lived his life for politics and patriotism.
Associated with corrupt, totalitarian government
because of a pamphlet he wrote calledThe
Prince.
• “A prince never lacks legitimate reasons to break
his promise.”
• “Hatred is gained as much by good works as by
evil.”
• It is better to be feared than loved, if you cannot
be both.
• “Politics have no relation to morals.”
• “The first method for estimating the intelligence
of a ruler is to look at the men he has around
him.”
• "The end justifies the means."
• "Men in general judge more from appearances
than from reality.All men have eyes, but few
have the gift of penetration."
• "I desire to go to Hell, not to Heaven. In Hell I shall
enjoy the company of popes, kings and princes,
but in Heaven are only beggars, monks, hermits
and apostles."

57. Castiglione The book of the
Courtier
-how should people
act in the noble courts
-focus on mastering
many fields
Machiavelli The Prince
-put aside high ideals
-sparked arguments of
the nature of
government
-focused on the
individual ruler
-Power Politics
-realistic look at politics

58. • Painted scenes from
Roman myth
• One of the most famous
Renaissance painters

59.  Greatest English, possibly human
playwright ever. Lived from 1564-
1616 A.D.
 Ideas from the stories of ancient
Rome and English history.
 Most famous works- Romeo and
Juliet, Macbeth, Hamlet, and Julius
Caesar.

60. Famous quotes from Shakespeare!
 “To be or not to be that is the question.”
 “All that glitters is not gold”
 “O Romeo, Romeo wherefore art thou Romeo?”
 “All the world’s a stage…”
 “Parting is such sweet sorrow…”
 “Beware the Ides of March.”
 “Then the world is my oyster”
 “A plague on both your houses”
 “Cowards die many times before their deaths”

61.  Copernicus
Copernicus 1473-1543 Polish
astronomer
Heliocentric universe: the
sun-centered universe. The
Earth revolves around the
sun.
Theory? did not get a lot of
attention and ideas were
ignored.
Some insisted theory was fact
and were burned by the
Church.

62. Ptolemaic/Aristotelian View of
Universe. Endorsed by Medieval
Catholic Church. Earth Centered!
Copernican view of the universe.
Sun centered!

63.  Galileo– 1564-1642
 Disproved many of Aristotle’s theories such
as the heavier an object is the faster it falls.
 Improved on the telescope. Discovered
moons of Jupiter and mountains on the
moon.
 Wrote vigorously in support of Copernicus’
theory! Said it was a FACT. The Earth moved
around the sun!
 Catholic Church condemned him. Moving
the earth from the center of the universe
made the earth, God’s greatest creation, less
great, less perfect. Galileo recanted under
threat of torture by the Inquisition.
 Spent the remainder of his life 12 years under
house arrest by the Church.

64.  TheArnolfini
Portrait (1434) by
Jan van Eyck
 One of the first to
use oil paints
 Created pictures
with a lot of detail
 Painted powerful
religious pictures

65.  Renaissance Popes didn’t want left out of the competition between the merchant cities for the great
artists. Popes sponsored many artists to decorate their churches and palaces.
 Popes also had their St. Peter’s cathedral rebuilt into the magnificent
St. Peter’s Basilica – (1570) Renaissance Church inVatican City, Rome. Commemorates
the spot of St. Peter’s burial. Peter a.k.a. “The Rock”

67. 1) It was the most widely read book of its time
2) It brought the information to a wide number
of people quickly, encouraged literacy
3) Thriving center for trade and the wealthy
4) Towns people, religious scenes with great
detail and vibrant colors, blended classical
themes and artistic freedoms
5) Used Italian techniques to enhanceGerman
engraving, used oil paints to express
humanist ideas

68. 6) He believed all people should have access to
religious and classical learning
7) Believed in a society in which all people were
educated.
8) A growing middle class had money and time for
entertainment. Plays were more widely available bc
of the printing press.
9) Helped raise literacy by writing in the vernacular,
focus on individuals and religion
10) Expressed universal themes, complexity of the
individual, language common people could
understand. Hit the emotions