Studio Johor site

1. Pre-design Studies & Analysis
A City Lobby for Johor Bahru
Site A
Mr. Hazazi’s Group
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Ariventhar Ayahvoo
Foo Ming Wei, Fabien
Harris Aziz
Juergen Christian Martin
Kelvin Douglas
Lee Xing Shen
Poh Weng Chuan
Ranjeev Singh
Schani Daniels Bharat

2. 1850s - 1900s 1900s - 1920s 1920s - 1940s
1940s - 1980s 1980s - 1990s 2000s onwards

3. Originally a fishing village known as Tanjung Puteri, the
town was renamed to Iskandar Puteri in 1858 and then
Johor Bahru by Sultan Abu Bakar in 1866. The town
was declared as the capital of Johor.
In 1879, the Segget Market opened at Sungai Segget
island, which is where the current site sits upon.
Morphology
1850s-1900s

4. Morphology
1900s-1920s
In August 1919, the Johor Causeway was built to cater
the expanding trade industry with a connecting railway.

5. Morphology
1920s-1940s
The town underwent major development during the 1920s with the Johor
Causeway having its upgrading works done to accommodate both rail
and road.
The Indian communities built their residence alongside a Hindu and Sikh
temple along Jalan Trus and the Sultan Ibrahim Building began
construction in 1938.

6. Morphology
1940s-1980s
The town grew with development of governing buildings and educational
institutions for the people. The Segget Market moved its site to Jalan Wong Ah
Fook in 1962.

7. Morphology
1980s-1990s
The town was granted a city status and large scale
development began with the urban fabric seeing an
exponential change. The Segget River was closed off to
make way for infrastructure development.

8. Morphology
2000s
Since the 2000s, Johor Bahru had developed into a
metropolitan with the third largest population in
Malaysia.

9. Street Activities
Jalan Trus Grocery shops, Pawnshops,
Goldsmiths, Restaurants
Jalan Ungku Puan Grocery shops, Indian Prayer
Items
Jalan Dhoby Grocery shops
Jalan Segget Grocery shops, Banking,
Offices
Jalan Tan Hiok Nee Grocery shops, Offices,
Restaurants
Jalan Ibrahim Grocery shops
Daytime Activities
Shop lot restaurants and street stalls have been a
staple and trademark of the town since the 1960s

10. Street Activities
Jalan Tan Hiok Nee Selling Clothing, Street Food,
Toys
Jalan Segget Selling Clothing, Toys,
Electronics
Jalan Ungku Puan Selling Hindu Prayer Items,
Flower Garlands
Night time Activities
Such as street stalls during the day, this activity
becomes more intense during night. Spilling over
walkways and streets.

11. Lifestyles
Johor Bahru has a certain vibrancy and diversity of lifestyles.
Young adults and teenagers are mainly present at site during lunch hours and
onwards. During dusk, these youngsters prefer to hang out at the Bazaar Karat.
Window shopping and multiple cheap street foods as well as the nearby Hookah
District provide much entertainment for them.
Johor Bahru old town also serves as refuge for many homeless with various
personal issues. A handful of the homeless people are working as labourers in
Singapore but cannot afford a decent home.

12. MACRO STUDIES . Site A
A City Lobby

13. TWO SIDES OF A COIN
a city of dualities but yet the same identity.

14. FINANCE BUILDINGS
COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
INSTITUTION BUILDINGS
EDUCATIONAL BUILDING
RELIGIOUS BUILDINGS
GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS
VACANT BUILDINGS
OFFICE BUILDINGS
PUBLIC SERVICE BUILDINGS
Human density during the afternoon and
mornings are concentrated at the eateries
around the site.
The site is located in the middle of a
commercial hub with eateries
dominating the human density during
the day creating a community which
comes to fulfil their needs then leaves.
Macro Land Use

15. VOID
SOLID
The voids in the area at night have their
land use transformed for the bazaar,
transforming from car parking areas to a
place for the local community to run their
businesses.
MARKET
The density of people at the
commercial buildings in the day
then move and concentrate at the
voids for the bazaar.
Day : Solid
Night : Voids
Figure Ground Diagram

16. VEHICULAR
CIRCULATION . Site A
A City Lobby
Two sides of a coin

17. 1. Old Temple of Johor Bahru
2. Johor City Square
3. Gurdwara Sahib Johor Bahru
4. UTC Johor Bahru
5. Hindu Temple
6. Bank Negara Johor Bahru
7. HSBC bank
8. Car park
9. OCBC Bank
10. CIMB Bank
11. Hong Leong Bank
12. IPD Johor Bahru
Vehicular Circulation Landmarks
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
11
JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
A
B
C
4
7
6
12
Landmarks
By vehicle

18. A
JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
A
Main path
Vehicular Circulation
Main Paths
The main path borders the
town and becomes the
main entry points into the
town.

19. JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
A
B
Main path
Major path
A
B
Vehicular Circulation
Major Paths
The major path through the
site is the most congested
due to the double parking
by the road.

20. A
B
C
JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
A
B
C
Main path
Major path
Minor path
Vehicular Circulation
Minor Paths
The lesser roads in the
town which opens up paths
throughout the site like
veins.

21. A
D
B
C
JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
A
B
C
D
Main path
Major path
Minor path
Point of conflict
Vehicular Circulation
Points of Conflict
The local culture of parking
jockeys and double
parking has caused a one
lane circulation in the town
which causes congestion.
The intersection causes
conflict in traffic between
vehicles and people within
the town.

22. NIGHT

23. JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
B
A
Main path
Bazaar Karat
A
B
E
C
D
Vehicular Circulation
Main Path and Bazaar Karat
At night, the main path is
more congested due to the
bazaar and the paths
which changed.

24. JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
B
A
C
Main path
Major path
Bazaar Karat
A
B
E
C
D
Vehicular Circulation
Major Path
The major path now cuts
through the town leading to
the main path.

25. JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
B
A
C
D
Main path
Major path
Minor path
Bazaar Karat
A
B
E
C
D
Vehicular Circulation
Minor Path
The minor paths have
changed due to the bazaar
which is now used for
human circulation.

26. A
B
E
C
D
JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
B
A
C
E
D
Main path
Major path
Minor path
Point of conflict
Bazaar Karat
Vehicular Circulation
Points of Conflict
The points of conflict are
now mainly with the people
at the bazaar, making
travelling the site on foot
slightly dangerous.
The town also seems more
lively due to the slow
traffic.

27. JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
1. Madura Shop
2. Bazar karat
3. Ya Wang Restraunt
4. Tokyo Marine building
5. Container Food court
6. Hua Min Kopitiam
7. Mamak shop
8. Flowers in the Window Cafe
9. UNITAR University
10. Hiap Joo Bakery
11. Laluan Kebudayaan gate
Human Circulation Landmarks
1
5
3
11
Landmarks
On foot

28. A
B
A
● Primary human circulation that
are primarily found nearby roads
or roadsides.
● Mainly used by both locals and
visitors alike.
● Easy accessible for pedestrians.
B
● Secondary human circulation
that runs through shop lot blocks.
● Mainly used by locals or those
whom are familiar with the paths.
● Often hidden between blocks.
C
● Transient zones by which can be
used to bridge from one block to
the other. C
A
B
C
JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
Human Circulation
Types

29. A
B
C
● There is no
specific point of
access
● There are no
designated
pick-up/drop off
spots
● Sporadic intervals
Source of human influx
A
B
C
JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
Human Circulation
Human Influx

30. ● Nodes are isolated from one
another
● Very few prominent nodes
● Highly dependent on the existing
programmes within respective
buildings
Other nodes include:
4. Meldrum Walk
5. Masjid India Johor Bahru
6. Sungai Segget Riverwalk
Old Temple of Johor Bahru
1
Galleria @Kotaraya
2
Hindu Temple
3
Jalan Tan Hiok Nee
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
Nodes
Daytime

31. 7
Jalan Tan Hiok Nee
4
Meldrum Walk
3
Hindu Temple
3) Usually as early as 7.00
AM when hindu devotees are
present to carry out their
practices and duties
7) Not so hidden heritage
walk along Jalan Tan Hiok
Nee. Famous for their
restaurants and
4) Along Jalan Meldrum there
hidden a line of famous
restaurants selling local
favourites.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
Nodes + Human Density
Day time

32. A) Primary human
circulation changed as it
transitions from day to
night.
B) Giving priority to
pedestrians as vehicles can
no longer access main
paths such as Jln Segget &
Jln Tan Hiok Nee.
Bazar Karat coverage
C)Some circulation paths
remain within the
designated walkways just
as they are during day time.
A
B
C
Jalan Tan Hiok Nee
Jalan Segget
Walkways @Jalan Ungku
Puan
JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
A
B
C
Human Circulation
Types

33. Source of human influx
Jalan Wong Ah Fook
JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
● Source of influx is centralised.
● Consistent drop-off/pick-up point.
Human Circulation
Human Influx

34. ● Nodes are
interconnected with
one another.
● More prominent
nodes.
● Not constrained by
designated buildings.
Other nodes include:
1. City Square Mall
2. Galleria @Kotaraya Mall
3. Hindu Temple
5. Riverfront bridge
6. Hookah District 2.0
7
8
4
Bazar Karat
Hookah District 1.0
Meldrum Night Market
JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
1
Nodes
Night time

35. 3
5
6
Nearby hindu temple is
more active during night
hours. Often hear bells
ringing to call upon
devotees for prayers.
Along the walkways of shop
lots by Jln Wong Ah Fook
where activities intensity.
During night time, illicit
activities emerge.
Aside from the bazar. Other
spaces that are vacant
during the day comes to
life during the night with
eateries and shisha hubs.
These spaces further
complement the already
packed bazar.
JalanwongAhFook
Jalan Ibrahim
JalanTrus
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
1
Nodes + Human Density
Night time

36. MICRO STUDIES. Site A
A City Lobby
Two sides of a coin

37. Precedent
Victor Hugo Car Park, France
Emmanuel Peyrot des Gachons (from Taillandier Architectes Associés)
The project’s objective is to
renovate and expand a car park
in Toulouse, including a new
circulation pattern and a
modernized parking system.
(ArchDaily, 2019)
Figureground of Johor Bahru.Figureground of the project in
Toulouse, France.

38. Precedent
Inca Public Market, Spain
Charmaine Lay and Carles Muro
The demolition of the old market
building offered the opportunity
to rediscover a new public space
in the heart of the city of Inca,
metres away from the Main
Street and the Town Hall.
(aasarchitecture, 2013)
Figureground of Johor Bahru.Figureground of the project in
Inca, Spain.

39. Site Plan
1:500

40. Serial Vision

41. Human Density
Morning (9-12pm)
offices
finance/pawn
residential
local business
religious
F&B/leisure
Early crowds visit the
local businesses for
goods and supplies.
The kopitiams attract
both locals and tourists
for a hearty brunch.

42. Nodes
Morning (9-12pm)
offices
finance/pawn
residential
local business
religious
F&B/leisure
tourists
locals
Hiap Joo Bakery
Breakfast Kopitiams
Destination Amari, 2019

43. Human Density
Afternoon (12-4pm)
offices
finance/pawn
residential
local business
religious
F&B/leisure
The cultural streets are
visited frequently for
meals or shopping.
Local businesses see
most activity during the
afternoon hours.

44. Nodes
Afternoon (12-4pm)
offices
finance/pawn
residential
local business
religious
F&B/leisure
tourists
locals
Tan Hiok Nee
Cultural Street
Jalan Trus

45. Human Density
Evening (4-7pm)
offices
finance/pawn
residential
local business
religious
F&B/leisure
bazaar/market
A decrease of people is
seen as workers leave
town.
The bazaar shopkeepers
begin setting up their
stalls.

46. Nodes
Evening (4-7pm)
offices
finance/pawn
residential
local business
religious
F&B/leisure
bazaar/market
tourists
locals
shopkeeper
Sungai
Segget
Baazar Buildup

47. Human Density
Night (7-12am)
bazaar/market
The crowd grows
largest during the night
for the bazaar activities.
Leisure hotspots attract
the local demographic
for after-work activity.

48. Nodes
Night (7-12am)
bazaar/market
tourists
locals
shopkeeper
Bazaar Karat
Hookah
District 2.0

49. Vehicular Circulation
Day
offices
finance/pawn
residential
local business
religious
F&B/leisure
medium traffic
low traffic
high traffic
Congestion is at a peak
during these hours as local
attractions and business
run until the evening.
This causes an increased
street stress level and
alters the ambiance

50. Vehicular Circulation
Day
offices
finance/pawn
residential
local business
religious
F&B/leisure
medium traffic
low traffic
high traffic
Conflict
points
Large inflow of traffic
with lack of parking
leads to conflict points.

51. Vehicular Circulation
Night
medium traffic
low traffic
high traffic
bazaar/market
Vehicles are less
frequent as the site
turns into a fully
walkable setting. A
duality complex is now
apparent.

52. Vehicular Circulation
Night
medium traffic
low traffic
high traffic
bazaar/market
Conflict
points
Traffic flow is limited
during the night due to
bazaar activity.

53. Victor Hugo Market
Internationally known for its culinary options, the newly renovated scheme highlights its two uses, market and
car park, whose fluctuating activity throughout the day brings intense pedestrian and vehicular flow to an
already dense urban fabric.

54. Uniform and accessible ground level
to serve as a pedestrian-friendly public
space.
Raised walkway connected to the
market allows viewing decks above
street level.
Multi-level
Parking
Ground-level
Market
M&E

55. Separate vehicular access
points.
Serrated facade following
parking grid design.
Raising the ceiling at the
market space to create
double-volume
Access points located on
all 4 sides.

56. Access Points
Day
offices
finance/pawn
residential
local business
religious
F&B/leisure
medium traffic
low traffic
high traffic
Conflict
points
Proposed
entry for
car park

57. Access Points
Night
medium traffic
low traffic
high traffic
bazaar/market
Proposed
entry for
car park
Conflict
points

58. Greenscape
offices
finance/pawn
residential
local business
religious
F&B/leisure
Certain areas are well
landscaped, creating a
pleasant ambience for
pedestrians to loiter.

59. Proximity
offices
finance/pawn
residential
local business
religious
F&B/leisure
Jalan Segget offers a low
sense of enclosure with its
parking setting, enabling
activity to thrive.
2:1 Ratio
1:1 Ratio
3:1 Ratio

60. Skyline
Building Heights
The site is relatively
enclosed by low rise
buildings which frames
a “plaza” like setting.
2 storeys
7 storeys
2 storeys
7 storeys
2 storeys

61. Inca Public Market
The project proposal tries to obtain the maximum possible amount of public space while accommodating the
different requirements of a varied programme, incorporating a parking lot, supermarket, retail shops and the
public market.

62. Parking lot is concealed
underground as building
faces height restrictions.
Vehicular and pedestrian
circulation is separated by
the building perimeter.
Building footprint begins
from the pavement and
winds around to create a
plaza.
The supermarket
underground connects
users around the site.
public space
market
offices

63. Design Synthesis
“For the People, By the People”
Massing to be contextual to the
skyline/building heights.
Additional greenery and street
furniture into public spaces.
Designing spaces for transient
usage of different activity or
demographic.
creating SHELTER, to open
GROUND-LEVEL PEDESTRIAN
circulation leading to
UNINTERRUPTED activity which
may lead to COMPLEMENTARY
sustaining activity.

64. Design Synthesis
Mixed-Use Parking/Public Space
Introducing additional parking
spaces to reduce stress on the
adjacent street.
To limit vehicular access and
opening the ground level.
Parking hub becomes a node for
visiting users.
to enhance WALKABILITY
and CONNECTIVITY around
the site for a SAFER public
AMBIENCE catering to users
on-site to generate
possibilities of INCOME.

65. Thank You