Centralization & Decentralization- CLEAR EXPLANATION ABOUT Definition, Advantages, Disadvantages of both with PICTURES, HR FUNCTIONS, operations, stratergies
3. ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCE (HR) MANAGEMENT IN ANY BUSINESS
4. Business owners should carefully consider which type of organization
establishment (Eg: Factory, Textile, Mall, Institution, etc…)
Larger organizations usually require both centralization &
decentralization structure since such companies can have several
divisions or departments
All Organization depends on the growth and expansion of business
operations but DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY is important
5. What is DELEGATION ?
Delegation is the assignment of work assigned with
authority from one person to another person to carry
out specific activity or task.
Process of distributing entrusting work to another
person. Provides too much input, direction, and
review of delegated work with empowering
authority to a subordinate.
AUTHORITY or ASSIGNMENT is SHARED
6. Reasons - someone may decide to delegate:
To free themselves up to do other tasks
To produce qualified person
To solve any issue & to share work
Power & work is TRANSFERED
To develop someone else's ability
Delegation - essential element of effective management
10. IMPORTANACE OF DELEGATION
Dividing of work/ division of task
Heavy workload & stress is reduced
Better & quick decisions are done
Can maintain healthy relationship
Multi Works are done at same time
Improve job satisfaction
Manager is little free
11. FACTORS AFFECTING DELEGATION
Lack of acceptance by subordinates for some task/work
Willingness to let go
Fear of employees (example: Freshers)
Lack of control
Lack of incentives
Lack of self-confidence
Irresponsibility
Working atmosphere
Free flow of information & communication
12.
13. CENTRALIZATION
In a management structure where decision making is done by those with a broader perspective & have
considerable knowledge and information about what needs to be done. In a centralized organization
decisions are made by Higher management or Top level management are typically communicated to
lower organization.
Decision making at high level
They have the supreme power & authorities
Eg: Managing Director, board of directors, managers of each department, etc…
“Everything that goes to increase the importance of the subordinate’s role is decentralization;
everything that goes to reduce it is centralization.” - Henry Fayol
15. ADVANTAGES OF CENTRALIZATION
Equal facilities provided to all departments (employees)
Objectives, motive, work plan framework will be clear
Proper decision making is done
Reduce unnecessary cost
Have a central administrative control
Have healthy relationship with all different departments
Responsibilities and duties are well defined
Decisions are significant
Effective implementation of company strategies depend on them
16. Delay of information passed to sub-ordinates
Result in inefficiency
Expectation from all departments will be high
No loyalty among department heads
Attention toward each department may not be balanced
Stress/ Workload/ work pressure is high
Decisions may be misunderstood while being passed on to lower position
Dispute in division of work may occur
19. Decentralization can be viewed as an extension of delegation.
Decentralization extends to the lowest level of the organization.
Decision making at lower level
Limited authority
Example: department heads, executive officers, etc…
Everything happens in an organization
“Decentralization Is The Systematic And Consistent Delegation Of
Authority To The Levels Where The Work Is To Be Performed.”
- Louis Allen
DECENTRALIZATION
21. ADVANTAGES OF DECENTRALIZATION
Reduce the burden of top manager/top level management
Pressure is reduced
Helps to maintain proper management in organizing
Executive development & Department development is done
Work allocation/segregation is done
It promotes motivation
Everyone gets opportunity
Better control & supervision of work is maintained
Quick decision making is done
22. Problem in co-ordination
Lack of specialization
More staffs required
Uniform policies are not followed
More financial burden
Frequent department meeting is required