2. The diagnosis of alcohol dependence is performed
based on a history which investigate behavioral
patterns, symptoms, usage history, previous
treatments, etc.
According to these data is whether the patient
meets the diagnostic criteria and determine the
type of condition you have.

3. Societal attitudes and stereotypes can create
barriers to detection and treatment of alcohol abuse.
This is more a barrier for women than men. Fear
of stigma can lead women to deny that they are
suffering from a medical condition, to hide their
drinking, and drinking alone.

4. Several tools can be used to detect loss
of control of alcohol consumption
1. Have you ever bothered people criticize your drinking?
2. Have you ever had the impression that you should
drink less?
3. Have you ever felt bad or guilty about your drinking?
4. Have you ever done first thing in the morning was to
drink to calm your nerves or get rid of a hangover?

5. If the answer to any of these
questions is yes, then ask if it
happened in the last 12 months
If you answered yes to 3 or 4
questions in the last year
is possible that the patient
has alcohol dependence.
If you answered yes
to questions 1 or 2 last year that
the patient may be alcohol-
related problems (abuse)

7. That important role "in
the Processes Affecting by
body and brain That
Psychiatric geneticists The alcoholism does not
Interact with One Another
John I. Nurnberger, Jr., and Have A single genetic
and With An Individual's
Laura Jean Bierut: cause
Life Experiences to
produce protection or
susceptibility

8. Have A
Tendency
Those Who Towards small
Possess the A1 but significant
allele (variation) addiction to
To detectable of This
variation Have opiates and
polymorphism endorphin-
Referred to as
the DRD2 TaqI releasing drugs
Human like alcohol.
polymorphism
dopamine
receptor genes
At least one
genetic test
exists for
an allele

10. Represents
one approach
Is to assist in to the
the definition of
Development alcoholism
of research
protocols
In Findings
Which Can Be
Compared To
One Another.

12. Macrocytosis
High One common
carbohydrate test of Being
deficient That blood Elevated GGT
transferrin alcohol
(CDT) content (BAC).
Moderate
elevation of
AST and ALT
and an AST:
ALT ratio of 2:1

13. Targeting teens and young adults.
Increasing the age at licit drugs of abuse
Which Such as Alcohol Can Be Purchased.
Banning or restricting the advertising of
Alcohol.
Educational Campaigns in the mass media
about the consequences of alcohol abuse.
Guidelines for Parents to Prevent Alcohol
Abuse Amongst adolescents.

14. Treatments Most people focus on helping
discontinue Their Alcohol intake.
Social support in order to help resist a
return to Them Alcohol use.
Followed by a combination detoxification of
Supportive therapy.
Attendance at self-help groups, and Ongoing
Development of coping mechanisms.

15. Abrupt stop of alcohol-drinking couple with
the substitution of drugs
That Have similar effects to Prevent alcohol
withdrawal.

17. Psychology
Group therapy and psychotherapy are used to
treat underlying psychological problems
that are related to alcohol addiction, as well
as prevent relapse.
Alcoholics Anonymous is one of the
first organizations formed to provide peer
counseling.
Mutual support groups and counseling is the
most common form of helping
alcoholics maintain sobriety.

18. Psychology
Rationing and moderation programs do not
require total abstinence. While most alcoholics are
not able to limit their consumption of
alcohol, so some return to moderate alcohol
consumption.
A 2002 U.S. study by the National Institute
on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) showed
that 17.7 percent of individuals diagnosed as
alcohol dependent, returned to the low consumption
of alcohol.
The study found that abstinence from alcohol
was the most stable form of remission of recovering
alcoholics.

19. Medications
A variety of medications may be
prescribed as part of treatment
for alcoholism.
DISULFIRAM
Disulfiram is a drug discovered in the 1920s
and used to support the treatment of chronic
alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity
to alcohol

20. CALCIO CARBIMIDE
Works in the same way as
Antabuse; it has an advantage
in that the occasional adverse
effects of
disulfiram, hepatotoxicity and
drowsiness, do not occur with
calcium carbimide.
NALTREXONA Is a competitive antagonist for opioid
receptors, effectively blocking the effects of
endorphins and opiates

21. Naltrexone is used to decrease cravings for
alcohol and encourage abstinence. Alcohol
causes the body to release endorphins, which in
turn release dopamine and activate the reward
pathways; hence when naltrexone is in the body
there is a reduction in the pleasurable effects
from consuming alcohol

22. BENZODIAZEPINES
Whilst useful in the management of
acute alcohol withdrawal, if used
long-term cause a worse outcome in
alcoholism. Alcoholics on chronic
benzodiazepines have a lower rate of
achieving abstinence from alcohol
than those not taking
benzodiazepines. This class of drugs
is commonly prescribed to alcoholics
for insomnia or anxiety management

23. DUAL ADDICTIONS
Alcoholics may also require treatment for
other psychotropic drug addictions. The most
common dual addiction in alcohol
dependence is benzodiazepine dependence ,
with studies showing 10–20 percent of
alcohol-dependent individuals had problems
of dependence and/or misuse problems of
benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines increase
cravings for alcohol and the volume of alcohol
consumed by problem drinkers.
Benzodiazepine dependency requires careful
reduction in dosage to avoid benzodiazepine
withdrawal syndrome and other health
consequences.