Describes the origin of te Universe, how the universe was formed and the possible theories that may happen in the future.

1. EARTH & LIFE
SCIENCE
THE UNIVERSE AND
THE SOLAR SYSTEM

2. ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE
• One of the greatest mysteries of the universe is its
origin.
• Since no one witnessed the actual beginning of the
universe, Scientists can only reconstruct the events
based on the evidences that are available.
• Thus, many theories have been proposed…

3. Once upon a time…
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx9rhk1Iu3NNPB89czCE0s7QSp6
wEp92mf

4. BIG BANG THEORY
• The Big Bang Theory describes the development of the
universe from the time just after it came to existence up
to today.
• It is one of the several scientific models that attemp to
explain why the universe is the way it is.
• It is the most widely accepted and popular theory to
explain the origin of the universe.

5. BIG BANG THEORY
While many people
believe that the Big
Bang Theory refers to
an explosion, it actually
refers to the expansion
of the universe.

6. The Big Bang Theory
• The Big Bang Theory is the event about 13.7
billion years ago when time, space, matter, and
energy came into existence.
• This event started from a hot, dense state that has
undergone inflation (a short but rapid expansion)
to become the universe that is known today.

9. GEORGES LEMAITRE
The idea of Big Bang started in
1972 when Georges Lemaitre , a
Belgian Physicist and a Catholic
Priest deduced that if Einstein’s
general theory was true,-the
universe must have been
expanding.

10. ALBERT EINSTEIN
• Theory of General Relativity: He determined that the massive objects cause
a distortion in space-time, which is felt as gravity.
• Static Universe: The universe was static and the galaxies were moving inside.

11. ALEXANDER FRIEDMANN
• Friedmann’s Equation
A Russian cosmologist and
mathematician, derived the
Friedmann Equation from
Albert Einstein’s equations of
general relativity, showing that
the universe is expanding.

12. VESTO SLIPHER
• In 1912, an American astronomer was
the first to observe the shift of
spectral lines of galaxies, making him
the discoverer of galactic redshifts.
• He noticed redshifts providing the
first empirical basis for the expansion
of the universe.

13. Vesto Slipher used the Doppler Effect
• He measured the first Doppler
shift of a “spiral nebula”
(spiral nebula is the obsolete
term for spiral galaxies), and
soon discovered that almost all
such nebulae were receding
from Earth.

14. EDWIN HUBBLE
• In 1929, Edwin Hubble announced
his significant discovery of the
“redshift” and its interpretation that
galaxies are moving away from each
other, hence as evidence for an
expanding universe.
• Redshift serves as evidence for an
expanding universe.

16. ARNO PENZIAZ & ROBERT WILSON
• In 1964, Arno Penziaz & Robert Wilson
accidentally discovered the Cosmic
Microwave Background (CIMB) which
earned them the Physics Nobel Prize in
1978.
• The Cosmic Background radiation is the
radiation left over from early development
of the universe, and it is a proof of the
Big Bang Theory.

17. FATE OF THE UNIVERSE

18. The evolution of the universe according to
the Big Bang Theory
• A. BIG CRUNCH
This theory postulates that the average density
of the universe is enough to stop its expansion.
Then the universe begins to contract at a single
point (implodes).

20. B. BIG FREEZE
• https://youtu.be/qRToVz4sB1w
The expansion of the
universe will continue
forever. If so, the universe
will cool as it expands,
eventually becoming too
cold to sustain life.

21. BIG RIP
https://youtu.be/HHACg7YJdx0
The universe does not
contract, but expands as it
reaches a point where all
that exists is broken, like a
handkerchief in the hands
of two children putting hard
on each to the opposite side.

22. Thank you!
Eleanor L. Cabungcag
Subject Teacher