It discusses the types of reproduction among animals and humans.

1. PERPETUATION OF LIFE
Earth & Life Science
Eleanor L. Cabungcag
Subject Teacher

2. QUICK REVIEW
UNIFYING THEMES IN BIOLOGY
• Biological System
• Cell
• Interaction with the environment
• Energy and life
• Form and function
• Reproduction and inheritance
• Regulation
• Adaptation
• Evolution
• Biology and society

3. FACT OR BLUFF
•Biological system can be
applied to all levels of life
starting from the molecules
of our cells all the way to
the biosphere.

4. FACT OR BLUFF
•All organisms are made up
of similar and one kind of
cell.

5. FACT OR BLUFF
•The coordination of the
form and function of parts
(form-fit-function theme)
strengthens the structure of
life.

6. FACT OR BLUFF
•An organism can be
completely isolated from its
surrounding.

7. FACT OR BLUFF
•Energy can be obtained in
chemical form in all the
food that we are taking in
the body.

8. OBJECTIVE
•Describe the different
ways on how
representative animals
reproduce.

9. PERPETUATION OF LIFE

10. •There are varieties of organisms in the animal
kingdom possessing different modes of
reproduction depending on the complexity of
their morphology and physiology.

11. REPRODUCTION
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
•Single organisms
reproduce
•Offspring come from a
single parent and has
the exact copy of the
genes hence referred as
“CLONE”

12. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
•Production of new living
organisms by combining
two gametes from
different organisms—one
male producing motile
gamete (sperm cell) that
must fuse with the egg cell
from a female organism.

13. 39 pairs
cow chimpanzees
23 pairs
chicken
Different species have different numbers of chromosomes:
30 pairs 24 pairs
human
4 pairs
Fruit fly

14. ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION • The formation of new individuals
from the cell of a single parent
• It does not involve the union of
gametes (sperm & egg cell) and it
does not change the number of
chromosomes present.
• The resulting offspring is similar or
identical to the parent (clone) and
without the need for a mate, they
are able to reproduce.

15. FRAGMENTATION
A type of reproduction or
cloning where one
organism is divided into
minor fragments.
Once divided, these
fragments develop into
individual ones which are
fully grown.

17. BINARY FISSION
• Separation of the parent cell into two new daughter
cells.
• The process happens with the division and
duplication of the parent’s genetic material into two
parts.
• Each daughter cell receives one copy of the parent’s
DNA.

18. Protozoans
Are microscopic
unicellular eukaryotes
that have relatively
complex internal
structure and carry out
complex metabolic
activities.
Some are free-living
and some are parasitic.

19. Types of Binary Fission
Transverse
Binary Fission Irregular Binary Fission
Longitudinal
Binary Fission

20. BUDDING
A new organism is developed
from a small part of the parent’s
body.
A bud which is formed detaches
to develop into a new organism.

21. PARTHENOGENESIS
•It is a form of asexual
reproduction by self-
impregnation resulting
in the production of a
zygote from unfertilized
egg.
•It is also referred as
“virgin birth”

22. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
• The perpetuation of a new organism from two
organisms with the use of gametes.
• In the process, the male gametes (sperm cell) fuses
with a female gamete (egg cell) to form a diploid cell
called “zygote” containing two sets of chromosomes.
• During sexual reproduction, the genetic material
contained in their environment combine to produce
genetically diverse offspring that is different from both
parents.