Padartha Vijnana means the science which deals with the substances in the universe, its relationship with the living being in terms of their properties, functions; methods of understanding them etc. Generally the subject Padartha Vigyan is considered as tough in the field of Ayurveda. But, it is the most useful subject than any other in Ayurveda. The topics dealt in it are the fundamental concepts of Ayurveda on which entire chikitsa stands. Understanding the elements in the universe is mandatory before studying the body. In this book, the subject matter is discussed with the help of different darśana and other shastras which are correlated with Ayurveda System. Hence this will be a good guide for the BAMS students; as it includes all the subject matters in according to the revised syllabus prescribed by NCISM, 2021. FOR MORE CONTACT THROUGH TELEGRAM CHANNEL @ayurvedonline " https://t.me/ayurvedonline ", Dr Saskhi Bhardwaj,BAMS,NDDY,MD(AYU.SAMHITA AND MAULIK SIDDHANTA,NIA,JAIPUR)

1. Date
Dravya Vijñāna -Kala
DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata
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2. Etymological derivation
✤ Kāla Sabda is derived from Ka Kara and A Kara of the word kala and lakära
of Lee Dhatu.
Ø KA + A + LA = Kala
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

3. Etymological derivation
✤ As it is continuous mobility and it can not stop even a second, it is known as Kala.
✤ As the birth, existence and death are depend on this, it is called as Kala.
✤ As it is the cause for past, present and future, it is known as Kala. It is omnipresent,
alpervasive and eternal.
✤ As it takes away all the Karya- Dravyas near to death or to wards death it is defined
as Kala.
✤ As it brings Sukha and duḥkha to the entire living beings it is called Kala.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

4. Lakshana and qualities
✤ According to Ayurveda Kala is a Dravya. Guna and Karma are existed with
intimate relation in every Dravya.
✤ The action, movement and the attributes paratwa, aparatwa exist in Kala
with intimate relation.
✤ Hence it is known as Dravya.
✤ Paratwa and Aparatwa is decided by Kala. Elder and younger, bigger and
smaller, etc are decided by paratwa and aparatwa respectively, which are
the attributes of Kala.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

5. ✤ Kala is God. It is created itself. It has neigher beginning,middle, nor ending.
✤ It is the instrumental cause for all the products.
✤ It is a receptacle to the entire universe.
✤ It carries away all the human beings near to death or towards death.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

6. Division
✤ Kala is stated as Eka, Nitya, for the usage, it is divided into past, present
and future and further it is divided into Kṣaṇa, Nimesa, Dina, Mäsa, Ṛtu,
Ayana, Varsa, etc.
✤ These divisions are due to the actions or movement of the Sun. The above
divisions are not actual divisions. They are the limitations of Kala. But it is
only one and one only.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

7. By sushrutha kala is described in
1. Aksi Nimesa- utterance time of laghu aksara/or time taken in one eye blink
2. 15 Akşi Nimesa- 1 käṣtā
3. 30 Kasta- 1 kala
4. 20 Kala- 1 muhürtal
5. 30 Muhurta- 1 day and night
6. 15 Ahorätrat- 1 paksa (Sukla and Krsna)
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

8. 7. 2 paksa- 1 māsa
8. 2 mäsa- 1 Rtu
9. 3 Rtu- 1 ayana (Uttrayana, Dakṣināyana)
10. 2 ayana or 12 mäsa1 samvatsara
11 .5 samvatsara - 1 yuga
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

9. While inducing medicines Käla has given importance 10 Auṣadha sevana
Kālas in Ayurveda are as follows
1. Abhakta 2. PrägbhaktaEmpty stomachBefore diet 3. Adhobhakta After
meals 4. Madhyabhakta - In the middle of a meal 5. Antarabhakta - In between
two meals 6. Sabhaktä Along with meal 7. Samudga -With each lumps 8.
Muhurmuhuhu - Frequently 9. Satgräsa After taking one or two lumps or
alongwith the lump 10. Gräsantara. In between two lumps.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

10. Significance
✤ Apart from darŝanäs, Kala has. a prominent role in Ayurveda. Ayurveda
accepts that Kala is also a Dravya.
✤ Kala is the cause for the changes of the Dravyas.
✤ As all the Karya Dravyas are produced through Kala, Käla is the instru
mental cause for the production of Karya Dravyas.
✤ It is Anādi, ananta and has continuous mobility.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

11. Significance
✤ It cannot be arrested even in space (Dik) also.
✤ All the actions mentioned in Ayurveda depend on Kala.
✤ The knowledge of Roga and its treatment is inferred through Käla only.
✤ According to Ayurveda Kāla produced itself.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

12. “THANK YOU”
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata