Padartha Vijnana means the science which deals with the substances in the universe, its relationship with the living being in terms of their properties, functions; methods of understanding them etc. Generally the subject Padartha Vigyan is considered as tough in the field of Ayurveda. But, it is the most useful subject than any other in Ayurveda. The topics dealt in it are the fundamental concepts of Ayurveda on which entire chikitsa stands. Understanding the elements in the universe is mandatory before studying the body. In this book, the subject matter is discussed with the help of different darśana and other shastras which are correlated with Ayurveda System. Hence this will be a good guide for the BAMS students; as it includes all the subject matters in according to the revised syllabus prescribed by NCISM, 2021. FOR MORE CONTACT THROUGH TELEGRAM CHANNEL @ayurvedonline " https://t.me/ayurvedonline ", Dr Saskhi Bhardwaj,BAMS,NDDY,MD(AYU.SAMHITA AND MAULIK SIDDHANTA,NIA,JAIPUR)

1. Date
Dravya Vijñāna -Dik Nirupana
DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata
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2. Concept and description of space
✤ Space (Dik) has an important place like other Dravyas. The place and
existence of a subject can not be stated without space. Vaiseṣika's view is
that the cognition or Jñana of a particular thing is to the east or west, north
or south, distant or near can be had from the Dik. Daily expression and
routine work is to be para lysed without Dik. Hence Dik has been given
important place..
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

3. Etymological derivation
✤ 'through which Dravya the cognition of pracyadi Dik is possible is called
Dik. Dik is omni present, alpervasive and Nitya (eternal).
✤ Dik is defined as the Dravya which is the cause for getting the knowledge
of distant place and near place. Even though it is one and only one it is
divided into pracyā di disa. This is also actual division. They are the
limitations like Kala. It is Nitya or permanent one.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

4. Lakshana and qualities
✤ The activity provides knowledge of distance and nearness and the
attributes, Sankhyā, Parimāṇa, Pṛthaktva, Samyoga, Vibhäga are existed in
Dik. Hence it is also called Dik.
✤ This particular object is at a particular distance is called desika paratwa and
this particular object is near is called desika aparat wa. Cognition of the
distance and nearness of Ghata and pata is due to Dik.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

5. Division
✤ Though Dik is unitary it has been divided into ten types for the
convenience of expressions. They are particular conjunctions in relation to
the region of rising Sun.
✤ The following ten are the disha:-
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

6. Division
✤ Prăci-In which Dik the sun rises or the sun is visualised foremost is called
Prăci.
✤ The Dik which is nearer to the Udayacala is called Praci.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

7. Division
✤ Pratici-The direction in the vicinity of the setting mountain is pratici.
✤ The direction which is nearer to the Sunset or Astacala is called Pratici.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

8. Division
✤ Udici or Uttara (North)-The Dik in which the Sun moves to upward
direction or while facing towards east, the left side or left direction is called
Uttara.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

9. Division
✤ Avaci or Dakṣina (South)-The direction opposite to the mountain Meru and
lying to the right hand of a man facing the east is Avaci. It is very nearer to
Vindhyācala.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

10. Division
✤ Agneya: The direction between the east and south is Agneya or Dakşina Pürva.
✤ Nairuti: The direction between the south and west is Daksina Paścima or Nairuti.
✤ Vayavya: The direction between the west and north is Uttara Paschima or Vayavya.
✤ Esanya: The direction between the North and East is Uttara
✤ Purva or Esanya. These four are called sub directions (Upadisi). Brähmi: The upper direction or Urdhwa Dik.
✤ Nagi: The downward direction or Adah Dik.
✤ Dik is eternal and all pervading. It is an instrumental cause of all effects.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

11. Significance
✤ 1. The Vayu blowing in different directions has a great influ ence on Dosa,
Dhatu and Mala.
✤ a) The Vayu blowing from east provokes Rakta and Pitta.
✤ b) The Vayu blowing from west provokes Vāta.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

12. Significance
✤ 2. Ayurveda mentioned the direction in which proper Ausadha Dravyas are
obtained.
✤ a) The auṣadha Dravyas obtained from Himavat parvata re gion are the
best among all and they have Šita virya.
✤ b) The ausadha Dravyas obtained from Vindhyācala areUṣṇa virya.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

13. Significance
✤ 3. In Rasa sastra proper directions were described, for the construction of
Rasa sala and keeping the Dravyas.The places for construction of
Cikitsälaya, residential, kitch en and other are located according to Dik.
✤ 4. Rivers flowing in the western direciton are whole some in Vasanta
(March-April); northern wind is cool in Hemanta (Nove meber-December);
the Southern wind excites passion in Vasanta,South western wind is
unpleasant in Grişma (May-June), etc.
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata

14. “THANK YOU”
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DrSakshi_Bhardwaj NIA,Jaipur Dept:Maulik Siddhanata