This document discusses hypotheses in research. It defines a hypothesis as a tentative statement that is tested for validity. Hypotheses help delimit the scope of a research problem and guide the researcher. Good hypotheses are clear, testable, consistent with existing knowledge, simple, and verifiable. There are different types of hypotheses, including simple, complex, associative, causal, directional, and null hypotheses. Formulating accurate hypotheses has merits like focusing the research and saving resources like time and money.

1. HYPOTHESIS
 Dr LAL WILSON M.Com.,M.Phil.,PGDCA.,Ph.D.,
 HEAD- RESEARCH,
 Department of commerce,
 N.M.CHRISTIAN COLLEGE,
 KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT

2. HYPOTHESIS- INTRODUCTION
 Hypothesis is a tentative generalisation, the validity of
which has got to be tested.
 Hypothesis is a specific statement of prediction.
 Hypothesis is an assumption about the population of
the study.
 Hypothesis leads to discovery of laws
 Hypothesis delimits the area of research and keeps the
researcher on the right track.

3. DEFINITION
 GOODE and HATT : “ A Proposition which can put to
test to determine Validity”
 GEORGE A . LUNDBERG: “ A Hypothesis is a
tentative Statement, the validity of which remains to
be tested.”
 WILLIAM C.MORY : “ When Propositions are
formulated or empirically tested, they are called
hypothesis.”

4. PURPOSE OF HYPOTHESES

5. CHARACTERISITICS OF GOOD HYPOTHESIS

7. CHARCATERISTICS-
1 CONCEPTUAL CLARITY

8. 2 EMPIRICAL REFERENCE

9. 3OBJECTIVITY

10. 4 SPECIFIC IN NATURE

11. 5 RELEVANT

12. 6 Testability

13.  7 CONSISTENCY :
 consistent with existing bodies of
theories ,research findings & other
hypothesis.
 Correspond with existing knowledge.
 8 SIMPLICITY:
 simple and understandable terms

14.  9 TECHNIQUES:
 Proper methods must be available for
testing their proposed hypothesis.
10 VERIFIABILITY:
 Verfiable in practical terms
 eg ; Bad parents produce bad children , it can
not verified.
 11 PURPOSIVENESS:
 Formulate purposeful hypothesis
 Relevant to research problem & objectives

15. 12 PROFUNDITY OF EFFECTS:
 Profound effect upon a variety of research
variables
13 ECONOMICAL:
 Money , Time & Energy can be saved

16. HYPOTHESIS- TYPES

17. SIMPLE HYPOTHESIS

18. COMPLEX HYPOTHESIS

19. ASSOCIATIVE HYPOTHESIS

20. CAUSAL HYPOTHESIS

21. DIRECTIONAL HYPOTHESIS

22. DIRECTIONAL HYPOTHESIS- EXAMPLE

23. NON-DIRECTIONAL HYPOTHESIS

24. NULL- HYPOTHESIS- H0

25. NULL- HYPOTESIS

26. RESEARCH- HYPOTHESIS

27. MERITS OF HYPOTHESIS

28. MERITS

29. THANKYOU

 Dr LAL WILSON

 drpvlal@gmail.com
 9097 443322