Divyang Research Paper

1. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume *– No.*, ___________ 2015
Wireless Power Transmission
by Using: - “TESLA TOWER”
Divyang Agarwal
B.Tech (ECE)
IMSEC Ghaziabad
Affiliated to UPTU
Rajan Ashish
B.Tech (ECE)
IMSEC Ghaziabad
Affiliated to UPTU
Apoorv Srivastava
B.Tech (EEE)
Affiliated to UPTU
IMSEC Ghaziabad
divyangchinki@gmail.
com
errajanashish@gmail.
com
apoorvsrivastava94@
yahoo.com
ABSTRACT:
The transmission of electrical energy from a power
source to a device that will consume it without the use of
solid wired conductors or any other transmitting
equipment is termed as wireless energy transmission or
wireless power transmission. Wireless transmission is
beneficial for those remote areas or those devices where
wired transmission is hazardous, inconvenient or not
possible. Wireless power transfer (WPT) is based on
principle of heavy-duty coupling between
electromagnetic resonating objects to transfer power
wirelessly between them. Wireless power transmission
systems based on migrant electro -magnetic waves, a
transmitter device linked to a power source (mains power
lines), transmits power by electromagnetic fields across
superseding space to one or more receiver devices, where
it is converted back to electric power and used. Similar to
those found in transformers electricity employs near field
inductive coupling through magnetic fields except that
the primary coil and secondary winding are physically
isolated from each other but tuned to resonate to increase
their magnetic coupling . These tuned magnetic fields
produced by the primary coil can vigorously interact with
harmonized secondary windings in distant equipment It
is with the help of resonating magnetic fields that
Wireless Electricity produces electricity, while
decreasing the wastage of power.
Keywords
Wireless Energy Transmission , Tesla Tower , Magnetic
Resonance Imaging (MRI) .
1. INTRODUCTION:
The conventional use of a modern life necessity termed
as “electricity” is made possible through the use of wires.
But due to inconvenient and hazardous wired
transmission the need of wireless transmission was felt.
Wireless power transmission or wireless energy
transmission denotes to a number of unlike power
transmission technologies that use a time-function
fluctuating Electromagnetic fields. Wireless energy
transmission is based on the principle of using a
transmitter and receiver(s) coupled with each other for
the conveyance of electricity. Wireless power techniques
fall into two categories
[1]. Non-Radiated Wireless power transfer.
[2]. Radiated Wireless power transfer.
In non-radiated Wireless power transfer techniques,
power is transmitted over small
distances using inductive coupling between coils of
wire with the help of magnetic field or in a few cases
by using capacitive coupling between electrodes with the
help of electric field whereas In radiated Wireless
power transfer techniques, also called power beaming,
power is transmitted to far field by stream
of electromagnetic radiation, like
microwaves or laser beams.
The present-day focus is to develop wireless systems to
charge mobile and handheld computing devices such as
cell phones, digital music players and portable computers
without being roped to an electrical source or outlet.
Variations of the coil can also do things that are just plain
cool — like shoot lightning bolts, send electric currents
through the body and create electron winds.
2. BLOCK DIAGRAM:

2. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume *– No.*, ___________ 2015
2.1 Concept Of Wireless Transmission:
In general a wireless power system consists of a
"transmitter" device linked to a source of power such as
mains power lines, which converts the power to a time-
fluctuating electromagnetic field, and one or more
"receiver" devices which receive the power and convert it
back to DC or AC electric power which is consumed by
an electrical load. In the transmitter the input power is
converted to an oscillating electromagnetic field by some
kind of "antenna" device.
Wireless power uses the same fields and waves
as wireless communication devices like radio, another
familiar technology which includes power transmitted
without wires by electromagnetic fields, used in cell
phones , radio and television broadcasting, and Wi-Fi .
In radio communication , the aim is the transmission of
information, so the amount of power reaching the
receiver is insignificant as long as it is sufficient that
the signal to noise ratio is high enough that the
information can be received comprehensibly. In wireless
communication technologies generally only tiny amounts
of power reach the receiver. By contrast, in wireless
power, the amount of power received is the important
thing, so the efficiency (portion of transmitted power that
is received) is the more important parameter. For this
reason wireless power technologies are more limited by
distance than wireless communication technologies.
3. HISTORY:
The concept of wireless energy transmission is not a new
idea this term was first invented in later part of 19th
century by Nikola Tesla who demonstrated a
"transmission of electrical energy without wires" that
depends upon electrical conductivity as early as 1891.
His World Power System, a technique of broadcasting
electrical energy without wires, through the ground, the
idea of wirelessly transferring energy to run all
industries on earth by turning earth into a gigantic
generator. In 1891, Nikola Tesla addressed the fellows of
the American Institute of Electrical Engineers in New
York City, where he made a remarkable demonstration.
In each hand he held a gas discharge tube, an early form
of the modern fluorescent bulb. The tubes were not roped
to any wires, but nonetheless they glowed brightly during
his demonstration. Tesla explained to the awestruck
attendees that the electricity was being transferred
through the air by the pair of metal sheets which
sandwiched the stage. He went on to venture how one
might increase the scale of this effect to transfer wireless
power and information over a broad area, perhaps even
the entire Earth.
4. TESLA TOWER:
Tesla Tower (1901–1917) also known as Wardenclyffe
Tower, was an early wireless transmission station
designed and built by Nikola Tesla in Shoreham, New
York in 1901-1902. Tesla proposed to transmit
messages, telephony and images across the Atlantic
to England and to ships at sea based on his theories of
using the Earth to transmit the signals. His conclusion to
scale up the facility and add his ideas of wireless power
transmission to better compete with Guglielmo Marconi's
radio based telegraph system was met with the project's
primary sponsor, financier J. P. Morgan, neglecting to
fund the changes. Additional investment could not be
found and the project was abandoned in 1906 and never
again turned operational.
The Tesla tower can step up the voltage of 120 volts to
500,000 volts.
Fig 1.Image of Wardenclyffe Tower in Shoreham, Long
Island, New York

3. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume *– No.*, ___________ 2015
5. TESLA TOWER ORIGIN:
Tesla's design for Wardenclyffe propagated out of his
experiments begun in the early 1890s. His primary goal
in these try-outs was to develop a new wireless power
transmission system. He rejected the idea of using the
newly discovered Hertzian (radio) waves, detected in
1888 by German physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz since
Tesla questioned their existence and most other
scientists from that period suggested that they would
only travel in straight lines the way visible light did, such
they would travel straight out into space becoming
"hopelessly lost". In later large scale experiments at
Colorado Springs in 1899, Tesla developed his own ideas
on how a worldwide wireless system would work. A
tuned receiver and a ground was all that was necessary to
access free electrical power for any device from any
place on earth. He theorized from these experiments that
if he injected electric current into the Earth he could
harness what he believed was the planets own electrical
charge and cause it to resonate at a frequency that would
be amplified in "standing waves" that could be tapped
anywhere on the planet to run devices or, through
modulation, carry a signal. Tesla's proposal used a idea
of a charged conductive upper layer in the atmosphere, a
theory dating back to an 1872 idea for a anticipated
wireless power system by Mahlon Loomis. Tesla not
only believed that he could use this layer as his return
path in his electrical conduction system, but that the
power transferred through it would make it glow,
providing night time lighting for cities and shipping
lanes.
6. MAGNETIC RESONANCE
IMAGING (MRI):
MRI machines use "magnetic resonance imaging" to
yield diagnostic images of soft tissue. Many people
assume that “Resonant Magnetic Coupling" must be
similar to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
technology; yet, the technologies are analogous in name
only. MRI is, as its name proposes, a technology for
using magnetism as a basis for diagnostic imaging of soft
tissue in the human body. It uses a strong DC magnet to
orient the magnetic fields of atoms within tissues, and
radio frequency fields to operate those atoms in a
selective way, so that tissues can be imaged clearly. The
"resonance" referred to in "MRI" refers to the resonance
of atomic structures. MRI is not considered to be a
method for wireless power transfer
7. WORKING:
[1]. His system was based more on 19th century
ideas of electrical conduction and telegraphy
instead of the innovative theories of air-born
electromagnetic waves, with an electrical
charge being conducted through the ground and
being returned through the air.
[2]. All windings of the transmitter are wound
clockwise but the receivers are wound anti
clockwise. So, they are of opposite phase.
[3]. The first resonant frequency which is the
standard electromagnetic transverse wave like
used in radio broadcast but this was not the
Tesla used. He used a higher frequency which
is found as a second resonant which produces a
longitudinal wave.
[4]. The two coils: primary and secondary and
capacitors are connected by a spark gap — a
gap of air between two electrodes that will
generate the spark of electricity. An outside
source bowed up to a transformer powers the
whole system.
[5]. A Tesla coil requires a high-voltage power
source. A regular power source served through
a transformer can produce a current with the
necessary power (at least thousands of volts).
[6]. The huge amount of energy makes the
magnetic field collapse quickly, and generates
an electric current in the secondary coil.
8. STRENGTH OF WIRELESS
TRANSMISSION:
[1]. More Convenient.
[2]. More Reliable.
[3]. More Environmentally Friendly.
[4]. World energy crises can be met.
9. LIMITATION OF TESLA TOWER:
[1]. It is Omni directional which is a waste.
[2]. The cause of explosion of the Hindenburg was
a discharge of static electricity. The way
Tesla’s wireless power work is similar to an
electrical storm.
[3]. The Air been a conductor causes arc of
electricity due to which Tesla’s wireless power
and age of airships are mutually exclusive.
[4]. Living in a continuously charged system is
also not healthy.
10. CONCLUSION:
Wireless Electricity technology is a non-radioactive
mode of energy transmission, relying instead on the
magnetic near field. Tesla tower technology is based on
sharply resonant strong coupling, and is able to
transmission power efficiently even when the distances
between the power source and capture device are several
times the size of the devices themselves. It can step up
the voltage of 120 volts to 500,000 volts but is yet to be
implemented. Scientists have just recently electricity.
The airship had recently been through an electrical storm
and became charged with static electricity. As a result, a
spark ignited some leaking hydrogen and it crashed. The
way Tesla's wireless power worked was in many ways
alike to an electrical storm. The air becomes charged
with electricity, and because air is a conductor.

4. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume *– No.*, ___________ 2015
11.- DIFFERENT WIRELESS POWER TECHNOLOGIES
Technology Range Directivity Frequency
Antenna
devices
Current andlikely future
applications
Inductive coupling Short Low Hz – MHz Wire coils
Electric tooth brush and razor
battery charging, induction
stovetops and industrial heaters.
Resonant inductive
coupling
Mid- Low MHz – GHz
Tuned wire
coils, lumped
element
resonators
Charging portable devices
(Qi, WiTricity), biomedical
implants, electric vehicles,
powering busses, trains,
MAGLEV, RFID,
smartcards.
Capacitive coupling Short Low kHz – MHz Electrodes
Charging portable devices, power
routing in large scale integrated
circuits, Smartcards.
Magneto dynamic Short N.A. Hz
Rotating
magnets
Charging electric vehicles.
Microwaves Long High GHz
Parabolic
dishes,
phased
arrays, ant
ennas
Solar power satellite, powering
buzz aircraft.
Light waves Long High ≥THz
Lasers,
photocells,
lenses
Powering hum aircraft, powering
space elevator climbers.

5. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume *– No.*, ___________ 2015
12. REFERENCE:
[1]. Prof. Burali Y. N and Prof. Patil C.B., “Wireless
Electricity Transmission Based On Electromagnetic
and Resonance Magnetic Coupling”, IJCER Vol. 2,
Issue 7.
[2]. Andre kurs ,“Wireless Power Transfer via Strongly
Coupled Magnetic Resonances”, Science 317, 83(2007);
Dol:10.1126/science.1143254.
[3]. www.wsj.com/articles/japan-advances-in-space-based-
solar-power-1426100482
[4]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mb5LMWpL3io
[5]. Japan Demoes Wireless Transmission for Space article.