Name: Dhyey Shukla

1. Subject: Material Science & Metallurgy (2131904)
Chapter: 09-Cast Iron
Department Mechanical Engineering
Name of Subject Teacher
Mr. Samik Bhatt

2. Team Members
Name:
1)Vinay Patel
2)Dhananjay Patel
3)Dhyey Shukla
4)Safiuddin siddique
Enrollment Number:
170990119014
170990119015
170990119016
170990119017

3. Topics
7-3
Classification of Cast Iron
White cast iron
Grey cast iron
Ductile cast iron
Malleable cast iron
Applications and Advantages of Cast
Iron

4. What is Cast
Iron?
7-4
Cast Iron is a family of ferrous alloys.
Cast iron is cast into the desired shape and not
worked.
Typical chemical composition: 2–4 %C, 1-3
%Si.
Instability of Fe3C.
Cementite, graphite (flakes or nodules)

5. CAST IRON CONTENT:
7-5
(Manganese 0.8%)
(Sulphur)
(Phosphorus)
Counteracts some impurities and strengthens & hardens.
In normal iron but not wanted in Spheroidal Graphite Iron.
Used to assist the flow of metal in drainpipe production, weakens the
C (Carbon 2.5 to 4.5%) Makes the iron easier to cast and machine.
Si (Silicon 1.0 to 5%) Softens the iron and helps grain size higher %'s give heat stability.
Mn
S
P
iron.
Cu
Mg
(Copper)
(Magnesium)
Strengthens the metal and forms finer grains.
Converts flake graphite to spheroidal graphite giving strength &
Strengthens and in larger (18-22%) quantities provides corrossion
Hardens and weakens, mixed with Ni 2% and Cr22-28% very hard
ductility.
Ni (Nickel)
resistance.
Cr (Chrome)
wearing.
Al (Aluminium) Detrimental producing gasses within structure.

6. Properties
7-6
High Hardness and brittleness.
Low ductility.
Cannot be cold worked/deformed at room temperature.
Easily melt and can be cast to the desired shape (can be
sand cast to intricate shapes).
Cheapest alloy.

7. Classification of Cast Iron
Depends on :
1. Carbon content
2. Presence of alloying elements
3. Cooling rate before and after casting
4. Heat Treatment
7-7

8. Types of Cast Iron
7-8
White Cast Iron
Grey Cast Iron
Malleable Cast Iron
Nodular/ductile Cast Iron
Alloy Cast Iron

9. Adapted from Fig.11.5,
Callister 7e.
9

10. Classification of Cast Iron
7-10

11. White Cast Iron
Very hard but Brittle
High wear and abrasion
resistance
Extremely difficult to machine
Is used to produce malleable
cast iron
Heat treatment to 800 – 900 oC
causes decomposition of Fe3C
 graphite clusters
7-11

12. Applications:

13. 1) Rollers in rolling mills

14. 2) Brake shoes

15. 3) Extrusion nozzles

16. 4) Shell Liner

17. 5) Slurry Pump

18. Malleable Cast Iron
Produced by
annealing White Cast
Iron at 900 –1060oC
for 50-80hrs (slow
cooling to room
temperature)
C is in the form of
irregular spheroid.

19. Applications :

20. 1) Casting mould

21. 2) Railrods

22. 3) Pipes

23. 4) Bridges

24. 5) Connecting Rod

25. Grey Cast Iron
• Least expensive of metals
• High fluidity: complex shapes can
be cast
• Graphite flakes: high damping
capacity and good machineability
7-25

26. Applications:

27. 1) Cylinder blocks

28. 2) Heavy duty equipment

29. 3) Flywheel

30. 4) Piston Ring

31. 5) Coupling plate

32. Ductile Cast Iron
• Ductile cast iron is produce by
adding magensium (Mg) / cerium
(Ce) to grey cast iron: graphite
forms as spheres rather than flakes
• Removing the graphite
improves the tensile
flakes
strength,
toughness and ductility
7-32

33. Application:

34. 1) Crankshafts

35. 2) Camshafts

36. 3) Gears

37. 4) Valves

38. IC Engine Valves

39. Thank You
Questions And Suggestion Are
Accepted