Special Course Presentation covering all the topics of basic automobile engineering.

1. A. Dhinesh Kumar
131MC114

2. I. Vehicle structure and
engines
II. Engine auxiliary systems
III. Transmission systems
IV. Steering, brakes and
suspension systems
V. Engine control system

3.  Automobile, types
 Vehicle construction
 Chassis and body, types
 Frames, types
 Aerodynamics
 Engine classification
 Cooling and lubrication system
 Turbo chargers
 Energy source and emission control

4. Wheeled vehicle that is driven by its own motor power unit that
runs on ground and is used for transporting passengers of goods.
Classification:
 Single unit vehicles (load carriers)
 Articulated vehicles
 Heavy tractor vehicles
Types:
• H.T.V. or Heavy Transport Vehicles
• L.T.V. or Light Transport Vehicles
• Medium Vehicles

7. Internal framework consisting of a frame supporting
the vehicle and major propelling and control units.
CONVENTIONAL SEMI-FORWARD FULL-FORWARD
Front engine rear wheel drive
Rear engine rear wheel drive
Front engine front wheel drive

8.  CONVENTIONAL: Pressed steel frame is prepared
and all mechanical units are attached to it.
 FRAMELESS: Body is designed to combine the
function of frame and body.
CONVENTIONAL FRAMELESS
Frame is designed in such a way that it can hold all the mechanical
units like engine, transmission system, axles, suspension systems.
CONVENTIONAL

9.  For vehicle stability and efficient fuel consumption.
 Drag and lift force must be reduced.
 Down force must be increased to keep vehicle
attached to the ground.

11. Parts Types
Derives heat energy from combustion of fuel and
converts it into mechanical work.
1.Spark Ignition Engines
(Petrol Engine)
2.Compression Ignition Engine
(Diesel Engine)
Two Stroke Engine
Four Stroke Engine

20. To remove hot exhaust gases out of the engine
after removing harmful gases and reduce noise level

21. Drilled holes in the
chamber reduces
intensity of sound waves.

22.  Carburetor
 Electronic Fuel Injection System
 Battery Management System
 Starter Motor and Drive
 Ignition System
 Lighting System

29. Battery
Starter motor
Key
Switch

34.  Layout
 Clutch
 Gear Box
 Synchronizer
 Torque Convertor
 Propeller Shaft
 Universal Joint
 Differential
 Axle

35.  It transmits engine torque to driving
wheels to drive the vehicle on the road.
 Enable the driving wheels to rotate at
different speeds.
 Leverage between engine and driving
wheels to be varied.
 When engine is running, connect the
driving wheels to engine smoothly without
shock.

36. Transmission System

38.  Clutch is used to
disengage and engage the
engine with rest of the
transmission systems.
 To disengage while
starting the engine and
while changing gear ratio
 To engage while power is
transmitted to wheels.
Clutch
Flat Plate
Single Plate
Multi Plate
Cone
Centrifugal

40. Gear box varies the
leverage(speed ratio &
hence torque ratio)
between the engine &
driving wheels.
It provides either 4
speed or 5 speed or
more based on the
design.

41. Manual Transmission - Types

42.  A device used to bring
two adjacent members
to the same speed
before allowing the
sleeve to engage them.
 The two elements are
friction clutch and
toothed clutch.

44.  Serves as automatic
clutch which transmits
engine torque to the
transmission input shaft.
 Absorbs torsional vibration
of engine.

45.  A Propeller Shaft connects a gearbox to a differential.
 It transmits drive force generated by engine to the axles.
 It is provided with two U-joints to maintain constant
velocity and positioning of differential at different plane.
 It is provided with a slip joint to take care of the
change in length.

46. (Constant velocity joints)
 Designed to eliminate speed and
torque fluctuations.
 To maintain uniform speed two
universal joints are used.

48.  To transfer engine power to the wheels.
 To act as the final gear reduction in the vehicle.
 To make the wheels to rotate at different speeds while
negotiating a turn.

49. Receives torque from engine and
transmits it to driving wheels.

52.  Wheels
 Tyres
 Steering System
 Suspension System
 Braking System
 ABS

53. Disc
Wire
Alloy
It carries the entire load of the car.

56. The driver must select the steering wheel angle to
keep deviation from the desired course low.

59. Responsible for preventing road shock transmission
to vehicle and to maintain stability of the vehicle.
CONVENTIONAL:
Springs are attached
to rigid beam axle.
INDEPENDENT:
No rigid attachment.
Each wheel is free to
move independently.

63. Controls braking force by controlling the hydraulic pressure of the braking system, so
that the wheels do not lock during braking.

64.  ECUs
 Engine Control Subsystem
 Electronic Fuel Control System
 Ignition Control Methodologies
 CAN Standard Communication

69. Thus a complete study of automobile is done.