Reading and Writing Skills

2. Below are set of sentences about rewriting. Determine
the most logical sequence of the sentences to arrive at
a well-organized paragraph by writing the letters A-E on
a separate sheet of paper.
______1. They create and review in their minds
before they approach the page
______2. There are a few writers who also do
little formal rewriting.
______3. Rewriting is something most writers
find they have to do.
______4. They rewrite to discover what they
have to say and how to say it.

3. How did you find the
activity?
Do you consider
yourself as an organized
person?
How do you organize
your notes?

4. Text Organization
READING AND WRITING LESSON 3

5. Objectives:
identify the features of a
well-organized text
evaluate a written text
based on its organization.

6. What is text
organization?
Text organization is the way a text is organized that
helps to guide the reader logically through it.
This property makes a text readable and clear.
It is the consistent development and completeness of
ideas in a text.
You have to remember that a well-organized piece of
writing supports readers by making it easy for them to
follow.

7. How can text organization be
achieved?
Text
Organization
ideas are
logically and
accurately
knowledge of
the parts of a
composition

8. What are the techniques
to achieve text
organization?

9. Organization can be achieved
through the following
techniques:

10. 1. PHYSICAL FORMAT
- it is an aspect of the organization that is
immediately apparent to the reader.
-It is seen in how the text physically appears
like headings and subheadings, bullet points
or font emphasis.
-However, use this technique with discretion
as improper or superfluous formatting can be
confusing.

11. Example:
Marxist ideology has three main theories.
Historical materialism claims that all the
features of society can historically be traced
back to economic activity. Social class in
capitalist societies is what produces unjust
structures of power that exist today.
Socialism would be the next rational step for
the development of human society.

12. 2. SIGNAL WORDS - are textual cues
that readers can use to follow a text.
-They can “signal” the transition from
one point to another, the ordering of
events and concepts, or the writer’s
chosen text type (e.g., linear narration,
question and answer).

13. Example:
Chuck Palahniuk’s novel Fight Club greatly influenced
me as a fictional writer. First, his use of the unreliable
narrator fascinated me, and I have written similar
characters in my works. Second, the theme of
patriarchal oppression can also be found in the stories I
write. Third, the novel’s stunning twist is something that
I have been trying to recreate. Thus, I am extremely
grateful to have encountered Palahniuk’s genius early in
my writing career.

14. 3. STRUCTURE - provides the framework
upon which the text is organized.
It consists of the following:
*Beginning: introduction, thesis statement,
hook
*Middle: supporting details
*End: conclusion, summary, final
message

15. Example
Ancient philosophies believe that a person has an
“aura,” this appears as a rainbow of light around the
body that can be seen by individuals with clairvoyant
abilities. The colors change depending on one’s
mood, health and thoughts. Some scientists believe
that the existence of the aura has something to do
with the electromagnetic fields produced by cells
and tissues in the human body. Whether auras are
real or not, the fact remains that there are forces
everywhere that are real even though we cannot see

16. PRACTICE TASK!

17. Below are paragraphs which are made
of jumbled sentences. Can you arrange
the following sentences in the correct
order to produce well-organized
paragraphs? Write the numbers on
your answer sheets.

18.  Paragraph 1
 _____a. For a lightweight poster or sign, you can
use either offset book stock or cover stock.
 _____b. You’ll probably have to take your
publication to a commercial printer, however,
since bristol won’t feed through most desktop
printers or copy machines.
 _____c. The type of paper you choose for a poster
or a sign depends on how it will be reproduced
and how it is going to be used.
 _____d. If you need to create a more durable
poster or sign, or create packaging, bristol stock
is your best choice.

19.  Paragraph 2
 _____a. Time may indicate the importance of the occasion as well as
on what level an interaction between persons is to take place.
 _____b. The same applies for calls after 11:00 P.M.
 _____c. Different parts of the day, for example, are highly significant
in certain contexts.
 _____d. Our realization that time talks is even reflected in such
common expressions as, “What time does the clock say?”
 _____e. In the United States, if you telephone someone very early in
the morning while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the
call usually signals a matter of utmost importance and extreme
urgency.
 _____f. A call received during sleeping hours is apt to be taken as a
matter of life and death, hence the rude joke value of these calls
among the young.

20. LET’S CHECK!

21.  Paragraph 1
 2 a. For a lightweight poster or sign, you can use either
offset book stock or cover stock.
 4 b. You’ll probably have to take your publication to a
commercial printer, however, since bristol won’t feed
through most desktop printers or copy machines.
 1 c. The type of paper you choose for a poster or a sign
depends on how it will be reproduced and how it is
going to be used.
 3 d. If you need to create a more durable poster or sign,
or create packaging, bristol stock is your best choice.

22.  Paragraph 1
 The type of paper you choose for a poster or a
sign depends on how it will be reproduced
and how it is going to be used. For a
lightweight poster or sign, you can use either
offset book stock or cover stock. If you need to
create a more durable poster or sign, or create
packaging, bristol stock is your best choice.
You’ll probably have to take your publication
to a commercial printer, however, since bristol
won’t feed through most desktop printers or
copy machines.

23.  1 a. Time may indicate the importance of the occasion as well as
on what level an interaction between persons is to take place.
 4 b. The same applies for calls after 11:00 P.M.
 2 c. Different parts of the day, for example, are highly significant in
certain contexts.
 6 d. Our realization that time talks is even reflected in such
common expressions as, “What time does the clock say?”
 3 e. In the United States, if you telephone someone very early in
the morning while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the
call usually signals a matter of utmost importance and extreme
urgency.
 5 f. A call received during sleeping hours is apt to be taken as a
matter of life and death, hence the rude joke value of these calls
among the young.

24.  Time may indicate the importance of the occasion as
well as on what level an interaction between persons
is to take place. Different parts of the day, for example,
are highly significant in certain contexts. In the United
States, if you telephone someone very early in the
morning while he is shaving or having breakfast, the
time of the call usually signals a matter of utmost
importance and extreme urgency. The same applies
for calls after 11:00 P.M. A call received during sleeping
hours is apt to be taken as a matter of life and death,
hence the rude joke value of these calls among the
young. Our realization that time talks is even reflected
in such common expressions as, “What time does the
clock say?”