Introduction to Philippine Architecture, vernacular, native

1. PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE is an admixture of the Muslim,
Malayan, Chinese & Japanese, European, Spanish and American
influences.
Periods of Development
A. EARLY PERIOD or PRE–SPANISH ERA
Famous structure- Filipino Houses:
1. NIPA HUT –”Bahay Kubo”
a. BULWAGAN – living rm. / receiving area, w/ a low table called
dulang.
b. SILID – sleeping area w/ “ tampipi” instead of closets.
c. GILIR or PAGLUTUAN – kitchen area containing the ff ;
d. DAPOGAN or kalan – cooking apparatus w/ a shoe shape
stove.
e. BANGAHAN or banggera – place where pots are kept.
f. BATALAN–an exposed porch where child- size jars are kept &
washing,drinking & bathing took place.
g. SIIONG – where farm & fishing tools, pestles, pigs & cattles are
kept.
h. KAMALIG – a storage house detached from the house where
unhawled rice is kept.

2. 2. IFUGAO HOUSE –an enclosed structures resting on four tree trunks as
columns.Square in plan,covered by four steeply pitched roof made of thatch.A stair w/c
can be drawn & kept from the ground for protection.The floor ht.is about 1.50 to 2.00
mts can be found in the mountains of Cordillera.
3. MARANAO HOUSE– or“Datu House”, a royal house used for political and social
ceremonies by the Datu, Also an ancestral house for the Datu and his family .It is
built from 30 to 2.20 mts. Above the ground. Most impt. feature is the wood carvings
the use of colors red, yellow and blue. Located in the lakeshore of Mindanao
4. ANCIENT MALAY TAGALA HOUSE– rectangular in plan, raised on wooden post
about 2.0 mts Above the grnd. w/ an open roofless veranda extended from the whole
front of the house. W/ low partitions,projected wdo & bamboo slots for floorings
5. INDONESIAN HOUSE– tree dwelling type of shelter, square in plan supported by four
wooden posts & capped w/ a rounded, pyramidal thatch roof. It sunk 1.0 meter into
the ground.
6. BADJAO HOUSE – built on stilts right above the water . Its flooring is made of
bamboo. One imp’t item found in the sala is the mirror not to check the appearance
but to indicate the no. of children the family has & to drive away evil spirits.

3. B. SPANISH PD.– 2 considered impt.arch’l.structure as colonial marks of this era:
the “bahay na bato” & churches.
1.BAHAY NA BATO –a permanent house made of stone for ground flr.&
wood for 2nd flr. It was patterned after the stone- constructed, huge antillan house”
It is an improved version of bahay kubo in terms of materials & space allocations.
PARTS from GROUND FLOOR ;
a.) ZAGUAN – where wine carriages & saint’s floats are usually kept.
b.) CUADRA – horse table.
c.) BODEGA – a storage room for keeping old furniture & palay bins.
d.) ENTRESUELO – a mezzanine elevated 1.0 mt. Above the ground usually
located on the floor of the masters bedroom right underneath his bed.
e.) PATIO – an enclosed courtyard open to the sky & adjacent to Zaguan
SECOND FLOOR;
a.) CEREMONIAL STAIRS – 1st 3 steps made of stone concrete then
succeeding steps made of wood.
b.) CAIDA – an antesala, an all purpose rm. For dining, sewing, & dancing.
c.) SALA – a living room.
d.) COMEDOR – dining room.

4. e.) COCINA– kitchen w/c sometimes built separately but connected to the house
f.) DISPENSA – use as a food storage, adjacent to kitchen.
g.) BANO or paliguan – bathroom separately from the toilet.
h.) CUARTO – sleeping area.
i.) AZOTEA – open terrace open to the toilet, use for laundry drying space.
j.) BALCON – overhang balcony, over looking the streets.
k.) ALJIBE – cistern storage of collected rainwater, underneath azotea.
C. AMERICAN PERIOD In 1900, the Americans came & had established a
School for Master Builders, “LICEO de Manila” with 2 Classifications :
a. MO - P (practical experience of 5 yrs.)
b. MO – A ( completion of academic training of the Master builder’s
course ) Then graduates fr. Liceo de Mla. established school
“Escuela de Inginiera y Arqui-tectura.
First Filipino Archt. Under the American Pd. w/ Academic title MO- A :
Carlos Barreto.
First Registered Archt. Tomas Mapua.
First Arch’l. Society in the Phil. Academia de Arquitectura y Agrimensura de
Filipinas 1902.
In 1903, it was amended to Academia de Ingineria Arquitectura y
Agrimensura deFilipinas.
In 1933, Juan Nakpil founded the Phil. Architect’s Society & become the
President. In 1945, it was amended to Phil. Institute of Archt’s

5. Other societies estsblished, Like ;
League of Phil. Archt’s (LPA) & Ass. Of Phil. Gov’t Archt’s. (APGA) &
These two merged to become United Architects of the Philippines. (UAP)
First Tr’ng school to train to be Maestro De Obras is ESCUELA
PRACTICA y PROFECCIONAL DE ARTES OFICIO DE MLA.
2 Filipino Archt’s. brought to Europe to study Master Builder Course;
1. Felix Roxas y Arroyo
2. Diego Hervas
PHILOSOPHIES & FAMOUS WORKS OF FILIPINO ARCH’TS :
A. Leandro Locsin :“ Creating Architecture that is both modern &
undeniably Filipino.”
Famous Works :
1. Cultural Center of the Philippines 11. PLDT Bldg.
2. Makati Stock Exchange 12. NPC Center
3. Manila Mandarin Hotel 13. Greenbelt Square
4. Manila Hotel 14. Manila Intercon Hotel
5. Benguet Center 15. Ayala Museum
6. Davao Insular Hotel 16. Locsin Bldg.
7. Philippine Plaza Hotel 17. Church of St. Andrew
8. Ninoy International Airport 18. Chapel of Holy Sacrifice
9. Phil. Int’l. Convention Center 19. Folk Arts Theater
10. Palace of Brunei “ISTANA NURUL IMAN”

6. B. Francisco ‘Bobby” Manosa: “Architecture must respond to local conditions.”
The Philosophy started out w/ the “Nipa Hut”. Local conditions include,the climate,
the materials on hand, the techniques & the budget available.
Famous Works :
1. San Miguel Head Office near Megamall
2. Coconut Palace known as “Tahanang Pilipino” at CCP Complex
3. Las Pinas Bamboo Church
4. 14 Station LRT Metrorail Transit
5. Our Lady of peace shrine at Edsa
6. Moonwalk Church in Las Pinas
C. Gilbert Yu : “ A Pragmatic Approach to Architecture”
His famous equations : 0 + 0 + 0 = 100
First 0 = The land owner who owns property but idle & undeveloped.
Second 0 = The man who has money in the bank but inflation is eroding
Its real worth faster than the interest it accrues.
Third 0 = The Architect w/o land and money and still considered = 0.
Add up all the 0’s and it =to Perfect 100 (Land Owner, The Financier & the Archt.).
Famous works :
1.SM Manila 6.Landmark Shopping Center, Makati
2.. Manila Diamond Hotel 7. Ever – Gotesco Grand Central, Caloocan
3. Manila Stock Exchange Center
4.Golden Bay Condominuim, Manila
5.Chateu De Balle I ,II, Ortigas & Roxas Blvd.

7. D. Ramon S. Licup : “ Good Architecture is not based on Design but on the
bldg’s. function.”Good Architecture is not based on design but on the bldg’s.
function, the environment, the people’s needs, the budget, & the climate.
Famous works :
1. Garden Island, N. Domingo, San Juan 7. Makati Palace
2. San Juan Regency 8. Rainbow Garden, Ortigas
3. Bayview Park Plaza Hotel, Roxas Blvd. 9. Pasig Tri Condominium
4. Golden Bay Condominium, Manila 10. Princeville Condominium,Ortigas
5. Knots Realty Town House, San Juan
6. Verde De Pasadena Condominium, Ortigas
E. William Vargas Coscolluela : “ More on Vertical Approach.”
Famous works :
1. Robinsons Commercial Complex, Ortigas 5. QC Sports Club, E. Rodriguez,
2. 32 Storey One Palace , San Juan, Mla. 6. Atrium in Makati
3. 30 Storey Wackwack Twin Towers, Mandaluyong City
4. 22 Hectare Tutuban Station, Divisoria
F. Ceasar Homero Concio : “ The structure must be well oriented.”
Famous works :
1. Diliman’s Palma & Melchor Halls, U.P. DILIMAN
2. U.P. College of Forestry Bldg.
3. Children’s Memorial Hospital, Q.C.

8. G. Felipe Mendoza : “ He Makes the fullest possible
use of natural light & ventallation.”
Famous works :
1. Batasang Pambansa Bldg. in Q.C.
2. Dev’t. Academy of the Phil. Bldg., Pasig, Rizal
3. RCBC Bldg., Buendia Makati, & 23 other branches
4. PCI Bldg., T.M. Kalaw, Mla.
5. National Library, T.M. Kalaw, Mla.
6. Feu Hospital, Nicanor Reyes, Morayta, Mla.
7. The Assumption School Bldg. , Antipolo Rizal
8. Mormon Temple, Green Meadows, Q.C.
9. San Jose Seminary Bldg. , Ateneo De Mla. University Campus, Q.C.
10. Library & Science Center of Xavier University, Cagayan De Oro
11. 7 New Bldgs.For the Int’l. Rice Research Institute, Los Banos (1976-1991)
12. National Government Center Constitution Hills, Q.C.
13. Central Mindanao University, Museum Bukidnon
14. Mariano Marcos Memorial College of Science & Tech., Batac, Ilocos Norte
15. 250 Rooms Suehiro Hotel & Safeway Market, Guam

9. FILIPINO ARCHITECTS 60’s TO 80’
ANTONIO , PABLO SEBERO
1. FEU Admin ., Science Bldg. 7 Main Bldg.
2. Philippine National Bank
3. Manila Railroad Co.,
4. IDEAL Theater , Rizal Ave.
5. Bel Air Apartments , Roxas Blvd.
6. Manila Polo Club
7. Capt.Luis Gonzaga Bldg,Rizal Ave,& Carriedo
8. Galaxy Theater , Rizal Ave.,
9 Apartments in Roxas Boulevard
10. Ramon Roces Publications Building
11. White Cross Preventorium
ARANETA , LUIS MARIA ZARAGOSA
1. Times Theater , Quezon Blvd.,Mla. 2. Manila Doctor’s Hospital , U.N. Ave
3. Makati Medical Center 4. Santa Catalina College , Legarda ,
ARELLANO , JUAN DE GUZMAN
1. Legislative Bldg. (Now Housing the Senate & Nat’l . Museum)
2. Post Office Bldg.
3.Villamor Hall at the U.P. Taft Ave.
4.Metropolitan Theater (Restored by OArellano)
5.Landscape of Harrison Park
6.Dewey Blbd. (Now roxas Blvd.)
7.Malacanang Grounds

10. ARELLANO , OTILLO A. ARELLANO, ARCADIO DE GUZMAN
1. NBI Nat’l. Bureau of Investigation , Taft Ave.
2. Sining Kayumanggi at the Mehan Gardens
3. Palacio del Governador , Intramuros
4. Restoration of Metropolitan Theater
5. PSBA , Aurora Blvd., Q.C.
6. RCBC Bldg., Buendia Ave., Makati
7. San Juan Municipal Ctr, N.Domingo St.,
ARGUELLES , CARLOS D.
1. Ateneo de Manila Campus, Loyola Heights , Q.C.
2. Philam Life Building , U.N. Ave.
3. Manila Pavilion (former Mla.Hilton )U.N.Ave., Mla.
4. Holiday Inn , Roxas Blvd.
5. Philippine Nat’l. Bank , Escolta Mla.
6. Development Bank of the Phil. ,Makati
7. Chronicle Broadcasting Network Studio , Q.C.
8. 600 Units Philam Life Homes , Q.C.
ARGUELLES, TOMAS FERNANDEZ
1. Elizalde Building on Muelle de la Industria, Manila
2. Heacock’s Building, Escolta
BURNHAM , DANIEL HUDSON
1. Baguio City Planning
2. Burnham Park , Baguio City
3. Manila Hotel Landscape
4. Army-Navy Club Landscapings
5. Phil. General Hospital Landscape
6. Post Office Landscape
1. Roman Ongpin’s Bazaar
2. El 82, Plaza Calderon de la Barca
3. Hotel de Francia
4. Carmelo and Bauermann Bldg,
Azcarraga
5. Gota de Leche Building, S.H.
Loyola
6. Casino Espanol, Taft Avenue
BELLOC, VICENTE B.
1. Cemetery of Nagcarlan
BERENGUER-TOPACIO, CHED
1. Interiors of hotels, restaurants, etc.

11. CONCIO , CESAR HOMERO
1. U.P. Diliman ‘s Palma & Melchor Halls
2. Protestant Chapel & Fellowship Ctr, U.P.
3. U.P College of Forestry Bldg, Los Banos
4. Insular Life Bldg. , Makati
5. Childrens memorial Hospital , Q.c.
6. Mother of Perpetual Help , Baclaran
COSCOLLUELA , WILLIAM VARGAS
1. Robinsons commercial Complex , Pasig
2. 26 Storey Ayala Twin Towers , Makati
3. 32 Storey One Beverly Place in Greenhills
4. 30 Storey Wackwack Twin Twrs , Mand
5. The Atrium , Makati
6. Quezon City Sports Club , E. Rodriguez
7. CEU.Complex, Malolos, Bul.
8. SM City , North Edsa & Sm in Cebu
9. Magellan Hotel and Resort complex, Cebu
DE CASTRO , CRESENCIANO CRUZ
1. Shoemart Bldgs. In Manila
2. Mindanao State University Bldg, MarawiCity
3. Central Luzon State Univ.Bldgs,Nueva Ecija
4. Nat’l.Science Dev’t. Bldg.Complex,Taguig Mla.
5. Atomic Research Center Complex ,Q.C.
6. Asian Dev’t.Bank (Now Dep’t.of Foreign AffS.)
7. Colgate Palmolive Phils. ,Inc.
8. Church of Jesus Christ and the latter-day Saints projects

12. CALMA, LOR
1. Interiors of DBP, Makati;
2. PNB, Escolta; Development
3. Academy of the Philippines,
Tagaytay City;
4. Silahis Hotel, Roxas Boulevard;
5. Midtown Ramada Hotel, Pedro Gil;
6. Puerto Azul Hotel and Beach
Resort, Ternate, Cavite;
7. Benguet Center, Mandaluyong,
Metro Manila.
CAUDAL, ALEJANDRO YELAB
1. Jacinto Residence, Bustos, Bulacan
2. Luis Santos House, Malolos
3. Lopa Residence, Pasay
4. Lerma House, New Manila, Quezon
City
5. Tiongco House, Pandacan, Bulacan
DE UGUCCIONI, JUAN
1. Proposed repairs for Colegio de Santa
Potenciana
2. Overseer reconstruction of Mla.Cathedral
FORMOSO. GABRIEL PAPA
1. Central Bank complex
2. Metropolitan Museum
3. Valley Golf Club, Victoria Valley, Antipolo,
Rizal
4. Alabang Golf & Country Club, Alabang
5. Development Academy of the Philippines,
Tagaytay City
6. Club Filipino, Greenhills
7. Pacific Star Building, Makati
8. Anerica-Lepanto Building, Paseo de
Roxas
9. Nikko Manila Garden Hotel, EDSA
10. Manila Peninsula Hotel, Ayala Avenue
11. Asian Institute of Mgm’t, Paseo de Roxas
12. Dona Narcisa de Leon Building

13. HERVAS, JUAN
1. Manila Railroad Station, Tutuban
2. Arranque and Herran Markets
3. Assumption Convent, Herran Street
4. Estrella del Norte, Escolta
5. Heacock Store Building
6. Paris-Manila Building
LOCSIN, LEANDRO V.
1. National Artist in Architecture
2. Main Theater, CCP Complex
3. Folk Arts Theater, CCP Complex
4. Philippine Center for International Trade
5. and Exhibitions (PHILCITE)
6. Philippine Convention Center, CCP Complex
7. Philippine Plaza Hotel
8. Hyatt Regency Hotel, Roxas Boulevard
9. Makati Stock Exchange Building
10. Ayala Museum, Makati Avenue
11. Manila Hotel renovation
12. Mandarin Oriental Hotel, Makati
13. National Arts Center, Laguna
14. Manila International Airport (NAIA)
15. Istana Nurul Iman, Palace of the Sultan of Brunei
HUBILLA, JOHNNY
1. Philippine Trade House, Bangkok
2. Philippine Trade Center, Toronto, Canada
3. Philippine House, Mainz, Germany
4. Philippine Pavilion, World Trade
Exposition in Leipzig Germany
5. Philippine Pavilion, World Trade Fair in
Spokane, Washington DC

14. LUNA de SAN PEDRO , ANDRES
1. Legarda Elementary School
2. Malacanang Palace , San Miguel , Mla.
3. San Vicente de Paul Chapel , Sn Marcelino ,Mla.
4. . Rafael Fernandez House, Arglegui Street
5. Perez Samantillo Building, Escolta
6. Fernandez Martinez House, San Miguel, Manila
7. St. Cecilia’s Hall, St. Scholastica’s College
8. Perkin House, Roxas Boulevard
9. Basa Residence, Lepanto Street, Manila
10. Evangelista Residence, Rizal Avenue Extension
11. Sy Cong Bieng Mausoleum, Manila North Cemetery
MENDOZA, FELIPE MARCELINO
1. Batasang Pambansa Bldgs., Q.C.
2. Dev’t. Academy of the Phils.
3. RCBC Bldg., 23 Branches
4. PCI Bank T.M. Kalaw , Mla.
5. Far Eastern University Hospital , Morayta , Mla.
6. San Jose Seminary Bldg, Ateneo de Mla.Univ.Q.C.
7. Asumption School bldgs., Antipolo , Rizal
8. Mormon Temple , Green Meadows , Q.C.
9. 7 Bldgs.,at the Rice Research institute, Los Banos
10. Glorietta , San Fernando , Pampanga
11. 250 Room Suehiro Hotel , GUAM
12. Safeway Supermarket , U.S.A.
MAPUA , TOMAS BAUTISTA
1. MIT
2. De la Salle University Bldgs., Taft
3. Nurse’s home at the PGH.,Taft
4. J.Mapua Memorial hall ,
Intramuros
LUZ, ALFREDO J. DIMAYUGA
1. Ramon Magsaysay Building, Roxas
Boulevard
2. Far East Bank and Trust Head
Offices, Intramuros
3. WHO Regional Headquarters, Taft
Avenue
4. IRRI, Los Banos
5. 666 T.M. Kalaw
6. 1414 Roxas Boulevard
7. 1515 Roxas Boulevard
8. 1010 A. Mabini
9. Dole Philippines, Polomolok, South
Cotabato
10. Standard Vacuum Refining
Corporation, Limay, Bataan
11. General Milling Corporation,
Mactan, Cebu
12. Republic Cement Corporation,

15. NAKPIL , ANGEL E. SANCHO
1. Nat’l. press Club Bldg., Magallanes Drive, Mla.
2.Former Head Office of PLDT, Makati
3.Picache Bldg.Plaza Miranda Qpo.
(1st HighRise Bldg)
4.Lopez Museum Bldg., Pasay
NAKPIL , JUAN FELIPE de JESUS
1. Quezon Institute Administration , E. Rodriguez
2. Quiapo Church
3. Rufino Bdg. Ayala Ave.
4. Commercial bank & Trust Bldg.Quezon Blvd.
OCAMPO , FERNANDO HIZON
1. Manila Metropolitan Cathedral
2. Cathl.of Immaculate Concepcion , Pampanga
3. Church Our lady of Most Holy Rosary,
Angeles City
4. Central Seminary Bldg. U.S.T. Campus
PARSONS , WILLIAM E.
1. Baguio Plan together w/ Daniel Burnham
2. Phil.General Hospital
3. Phil.Normal School & Womens Dormitory
4. Manila Hotel , Roxas Blvd.
5. Army-Navy Club , Roxas Blvd.
6. YMCA Bldg.
7. First UP Bldg., Taft and Padre Faura
MANOSA BROTHERS
1. Sierra Lake Resorts, Laguna
2. Hidden Valley Springs Resort, Laguna
3. Maya-maya Resort, Batangas
4. Makiling Conference Center, Laguna
5. Colegio de San Agustin, Makati
6. Guadalupe restoration
7. Andres Soriano Memorial Hospital
8. Bislig Bay Lumber Co. in Surigao del Sur
9. Sulo Restaurant
10. San Miguel Corporation Head Office,
Mandaluyong Rizal
MANOSA, FRANCISCO TRONQUED
1. Tahanang Pilipino, CCP Complex
2. Shrine of our Lady Queen of Peace, Ortigas
Mary Immaculate Parish Church, Moonwalk
Subdivision, Las Pinas
3. Las Pinas Church restoration
4. Stations of Light Rail Transit (LRT)
5. Development of Quezon Memorial Circle
6. Development, restoration and landscaping of
Corregidor Island
MANOSA, JOSE TRONQUED
1. SMC Head Office, Mandaluyong
2. BPI Head Office, Makati

16. PEREZ , DOLLY QUIMBO
1. Childrens Park in UP , Diliman
2. Taal Vista Lodge in Tagaytay
3. Meralco Compound , Pasig
4. Libingan ng mga Bayani , Fort B. , Mkti
5. Manila Polo Club , Mkti
ROXAS , FELIX ARROYO
1. Renovation of Sto. Domingo Church
2. Jesuit Church of San Ignacio ,Intramuros
3. Reconst’n.Parish Church of Bacoor Cavite
4. Dominican Church , England 1750
RUANO , ROQUE
1. UST Main bldg.
2. Dominican College , Lingayen
3. Church of our lady of Manaoag
SANTOS , ILDEFONSO PAEZ
1. Batulao Village Club , Batangas
2. Caliraya Lake Resort , Laguna
3. Eternal Gardens , Caloocan City
4. Loyola Memorial Park,Mla,& Paranaque
5. Rizal Park , Manila
SANTOS–VIOLA, CARLOS ANTONIO
1. Iglesia ni Cristo Structures
2. Our Lady of Lourdes , Q.C.
3. Nuestra Senora de Guia, Ermita ,Mla.
OLIVER, LUCIANO
1. Manila Cathedral reconstruction
OLIVEROS, EDITH L.
1. Interiors of Admiral Hotel, Cebu
2. Plaza Hotel,
3. Wackwack Golf and Country Club,
4. Philippine House in Chicago, Illinois,
5. Philippine House, Houston, Texas
6. Designed parks in Alaala Park, Pagsanjan
PENASALES, SERGIO VILLAR
• Museo Iloilo, Iloilo City
• Tinucuan Chapel, Passi
• Barbaza Church, Barbaza Antique
• Landscaping of UI,
• University Mall, Iloilo Memorial Park,
6.Amphitheater Green, Oton
7.Prepared master plans for development of tow
plazas of Molo, Jaro and Lapaz.
RAMIREZ, EDGARDO P.
1. Interiors of Philippine Embassy and Palace
Hotel in Beijing China
2. Interiors of the Defense Department,
3. National Bank of Abu Dhabi, Arab 4.Monetary
Fund, Amini Court, etc.

17. TOLEDO , ANTONIO MANALAC
1. Phil. Normal School Womens Dorm. w/ William Parsons
2. Manila City Hall
3. Department of Tourism
4. Department of Finance
5. UP Padre Faura Campus
6. UP University Library , Padre Faura
TALLEST PHLIPPINE BLDGS.
1. PBCom Tower Mkti 259m 2000 SOM / G. Formoso & Partners
2. GT Int’l. Twr Mkti 217m 2001 KOHN PEDERSEN FOX / RECIOCASAS
3. Petron Mega Plaza Mkti 210m 1998 SKIDMORE,OWINGS & MERILL
4. Yuchengco TowerMkti 205m 2000 SOM / W.V.Coscoluella & Asso.
5. 1322 Roxas BlvdMla 203m 2004 Architecture International, G.F. & Partners
6. Golden Empire Twr,Mla. 203m 2002 Architecture International, G.F. & Partners
7. Union Bank PlazaPasig 200m 2004 Del Rosario & Partners
8. Philamlife TowerMkti 200m 1999 W.V. Coscoluella & Asso.
9. BSA Tower I& IIOrtig 197m 2000 R. Villarosa Archts.
10. One San Miguel Ave.Ortig183m 2001 Philip H. Recto
11. LKG TowerMkti 180m 2000 KOHN PEDERSEN FOX /RECIOCASAS
12. Pacific Plaza Twr I Fort B. 179m 1999 RECIO + CASAS Archts
13 Pacific Plaza Twr Il 179m 1999 RECIO + CASAS Archts
14. Atlanta CenterS Juan 179m 1999 ATLANTA LAND CORPORATION
15. Summit One Mandaluyong 177m 1998 Originally Palladium Summit ( no entry )
VILLAROSA, ROGELIO GARCIA
1. Edsa Shangri-la Hotel
2. Edsa Plaza, Mandaluyong

18. 16. Robinson Equitable T.Pasig 175m 1997 HELLMUTH ,OBATA & KASSABAUM
17. Roxas Triangle Twr Mkti 174m 2000 SOM/PIMENTELRODRIGUEZ SIMBULAN
18. J.G.Robinsons SummitMkti 174m 2001 HELLMUTH , OBATA & KASSABAUM
19. Enterprise Cntr Twr IMkti 172m 1998 Wong Tung & Ptrs Ltd.Arads& Asso.
20. Ayala Tower OneMkti 160m 1996 SOM / W.V.Coscoluella & Asso.
21. Rufino Pacific TwrMkti 160m 1997 Juan Nakpil
22 .Urban Export Bank PlazaMkti 155m1998 Rogelio Villarosa
23. Rizal TowerMkti 155m 1999 SOM , Palafox & Associates
24. BSA Tower MakatiMkti 154m 1998 R. Villarosa Archts.
25. The World Centre Mkti 152m 1995 SKIDMORE , OWINGS & MERILL
26.One Legaspi Park Mkti 150m 2005 ARCHITECTURE INTERNATIONAL
27.Robinsons Place Twr I &IIMla.137m 1998 Engr. R.S. Caparros & Ass.
28. The Oxford SuitesMkti 130m 1995 Century Properties Group
29.Lawson Twr Essensa Fort B 125m 2001 I.M. PEI,COBB,FREED& PARTNERS
30.Comeron Twr Essensa Fort B 125m 2001 I.M. PEI,COBB,FREED& PARTNERS
31.Enterprise Ctr Twr II Mkti 124m 1998 Wong Tung & Ptrs Ltd.Arads& Asso.
32.Citibank Phil Head Qrts Mkti 119m 1995 PIMENTEL RODRIGUEZ SIMBULAN
33.Mkti PrimeTwr Suites Mkti 105m 1997 R.S.Licup /Swire Developer
34.Oakwood PremierTwr I &IIMkti 90m 1999 Architecture Int’l.& Gabriel Formoso
35. Rockwell Center Mkti 2003 SOM , Palafox & Associates

19. God bless you all , on your
forth coming board exams !!!