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Social Construction Of Sex And Gender
Throughout history there has been a controversy regarding the topic of sex and gender. This topic has sparked many debates and the discussion about
the distinction of the two continues to grow. Through studying sex and gender, there has been an interest in learning about the relationships they form
with sexual orientation. The study of sex and gender is a wide topic and has many subtopics within it that guide researchers with key information.
Within sex and gender, there are circumstances in which a person's gendered identity does not align with their biological genetics and they live as
the gender they identify as. Due to social construction, the ideas of masculinity and femininity have popularized leading society to have an effect
on gender and how we perceive it as it can facilitate the way in which gender is expressed and how it is transforming over time.1 Around the world
many groups of individuals have been discovered who identify themselves as transgender or transsexual. As society and culture continue to evolve, it
is important to learn about how gender roles effect the way an individual grows and views the world and how they perceive the differences of sex and
gender. Even in today's society, many individuals do not understand the vast distinctions between sex and gender. According to Dahl, Sex is defined as
the physiological distinction of male and female based on their genitalia.1 Gender, however, consists of the socially constructed roles and behaviours
that
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Essay on Gender Roles in Society
Gender Roles in Society
Gender role is a commonly discussed subject in society. Gender role simply defined is a person's inner sense of how a male or female should feel and
behave. Society and culture are also very important in relation to this subject. This means different societies and cultures may produce children and
later, grown men and women, who have quite different views of a man or a woman's place in the world around them, often determined by their culture's
gender stereotypes. These topics will be explained and compared to each other later on. How to implement a gender free childcare environment will
also be discussed.
Children begin to learn their gender roles at a very young age. Boys must learn what boys and men...show more content...
However, our children and we still mainly see very traditional gender roles portrayed in the entertainment media that influence us so much. For
example, the plot in very few television shows or movies would have the woman go out to fight the bad guys while the man stayed home to make sure
the kids went to bed on time.
Now let's compare some differences between gender roles in traditional Chinese and Canadian culture.
During the important early developmental years, when children are "learning" their gender roles and how to be, think and act as a girl or a boy, a
young Chinese girl will be taught, often cruelly, that her value to the family is less than a male's. She will do chores around the house, while her
brother may not help at all, and she will see this sexual division of labor carried out by her parents and other siblings. Her father will often devote
much greater attention to her brother, talking to him from a very young age about such "male" subjects as business and going out in the world. He
will be encouraged to be active and outgoing, while she will be required to remain submissive and obedient. The boy will often have many more toys
than she does ā€“ his trucks and plastic guns outnumbering her dolls. From early on, she will understand that any resources for education or career will
be almost all reserved for the male children. Her gender role is not
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What Defines Gender? Essay
Gender is not only what you see in front of you, the sex you were born with, but also how you think, feel act and react in some situations. It is how
you were raised to be and how you shaped yourself to become as you grew up. It is a fascinating blend of biological, psychological, and sociological
features.
The biology part of this is easiest for most people. Those people who were born unmistakably as male or female and developed normally as they went
through puberty. If you fall into this category we can define that there is some chemical structure, some inbred instincts that make you psychologically
male or psychologically female. There is significant research to prove that males' brains work in different fashions than...show more content...
Smell nice, look nice, taste nice, and feel nice. Most males aren't so picky, which is why women are more apt to being interior designers. This may be
because of the socialization of the men and women tell them what stereotypes they are to be and their natural tendencies of psychological development
followed that path. Men are more often stereotyped negatively then women, according to a study in "Gender Stereotypes: A Bias Against Men." I
believe this is because men are the last safe targets for criticism, and also because to "be a man" our society has taught boys that they must be tough,
strong, and never show a weakness, especially in front of a girl. This damages the natural emotions of males because the very same thing girls are
brought up to do freely, such as cry, and talk things out, boys are discouraged from doing, and learn unhealthy ways of expressing their emotions.
These are both sociological, and psychological. Females are also confined in boxes of who and what they can be. They can be at home moms,
businesswomen, secretaries, waitresses, salesgirls, writers, teachers and caregivers, but what about construction workers, or soldiers, in the action law
enforcement, or even combat pilots. Women don't even bother because they are told they can't do that, they don't have the strength, the emotional
conditioning, or the general ability. They can, and some have done just that, women just are told so many
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Reflection About Gender Identity
1. Gender identity is one's personal experience of one's own gender. Gender identity can correlate with assigned sex at birth, or can differ from it
completely. Usually, People get their identity depending on the society that they are surrounded by. Most of the times, sexual orientation comes
from society influences and learned behaviors. In my personal opinion, I got my gender identity from my parents, since there has no other believe
in my household other than, if you are a male you are treaded as a male. In the Dominican Republic there are many Taboos when it comes to
homosexuality. This means that people try to cover and make their kids think that it does not exist. It is difficult there to see two men holding
hands walking on the street or to hear about someone that is homosexual. Also religion plays the biggest role in this topic. In my culture it is
believed that God will punish people with sexual desire toward someone of the same sex. My father used to tell me male chauvinist things like, men
don't cry or men don't feel any pain, and that is not true. The problem with these is that, imagine a child in school crying for some reason, the other
kids are going to call him name because they learned that crying is not a characteristic of a man. This is a conduct learned through several generations,
and it is not changing any time soon. 2. There is not one person in the world that loves you more than your mother. My mother and I have a very
distant relationship, but I
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Gender and Sexuality Essay
Males and females are classed differently from the moment they are pronounced boy or girl. Gender determines the differences in power and control in
which men and women have over the socioeconomic determinants of their health, lives and status in their community. Our society moulds how men
and women should and should not behave and can be observed in all parts of our society. As a result of theseGender stereotypes men and women have
issues which affect their health which are unique to each gender. Males for example are perceived to be greater risk takers as a whole in our society
than that of females. We represent risk taking behavior with masculinity and violence, high speed driving and contact sport with the male gender.
(Doyle 2005)...show more content...
Women in the last thirty years or so have fought for equality among the sexes in all forms. The Women?s movement have fought hard to change this
socially constructed view of our society. Due to this double burden placed on working mothers there is a far greater demand on their bodies and an
increasingly likelihood of illness in many forms as well as psychological trauma such as depression and anxiety due to the constant workload. Females
in the past were argued as having a less likelihood of illness because they were not as abundant in the workforce thus giving them more relaxation time.
When males retire around the age group of 55 to 65 many of them pass away early due to the dramatic change in lifestyle. They go from five days a
week working nine or ten hour days to completely nothing and because they have become so adapted to the working week they change their habits,
their lifestyle differs and they develop sickness and health problems.
As health is seen as a holistic concept we also have to focus on the psychological side of health. Mental illnesses affect around one in every three
people and an individual?s gender is a critical determinant of mental health and mental illness. Women are much more likely to develop mental health
problems then males do. The most predominant of these disorders are depression, anxiety and somatic complaints.
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Reflective Essay On Gender
In this situation, I don't think I would tell anyone or try to pass as a woman. As close as I am to my mom, I still have difficulty talking to her about
my sexuality or questions of gender, and outside of her, I don't have anyone I imagine I would feel comfortable explaining my feelings to. Therefore,
I think I would allow people to treat me as a man and misgender me, suppressing all of the discomfort that treatment would produce. From the
powerpoint Diversity and Variance inGender Identities, expression, and attraction, pt 2 and the video Genderā€“the Space Between, it's easy for me to
imagine myself developing more anxiety and depressive symptoms like the people in the video ā€“ keeping that stress, confusion, and displeasure inside
of me couldn't possibly be healthy.
Although I don't think I would care much about my change in clothes since I already prefer to dress and present myself fairly genderā€“neutral, the
component that's bothering me the most is the thought of the community I would lose. Although I often question my gender, I'm the most comfortable
when I'm surrounded by other women. Consequently, in this scenario, it would hurt to no longer immediately share a gender identity with women and
thus be cut off from the "girl's club," existing instead as someone women may feel forced to police themselves around. All of my closest friends are
women so to be expected to act in a masculine way in order to fit in with my male peers would be difficult. However, I imagine I
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Reflection On Gender Inequality
As I said before, I believe inequality, power, and oppression share a connection with each other. However, I would say I feel more of a connection
with inequality and oppression because it has impacted my life beyond just being a women. I would define inequality has an unequal distribution of
rights in the form of discrimination. Because telling me I can't do something because I'm a girl is discriminating against my gender. In the same way, I
believe that oppression means the power of control mentally and emotionally. If you're always going to tell me this is right and this is wrong, I
wouldn't be able to have my own beliefs because it's been decided for me. I want to about inequality because I feel like people take the idea of gender
inequality has a light topic, that all they think about is the wage gap when it's more than that. Its about women being prevented from doing things
just because of their appearance for into apparent reason. For example, in the culture that I'm being raised in women are not allowed to have male
friends, it is frown upon. It's taken so seriously that all my cousins did was go out with a boy to study that her Dad made her drop out of school
and get married to a thirty year old. Such brutal consequences for a minor thing. And there's no reason why, the only reason is just because you're a
girl. I'll give you another example, I'm a very outgoing person, so I received a lot of invites to social events, but I never once went to any of them
because I wasn't allowed to. My brother was allowed to go to friends' houses and have sleepovers, but I wasn't because girls don't do that or I'll get
hurt from my friends brother. It sucks because I lost a lot of friends and they weren't very understanding about it, I can renumber my Mom
screaming at my friends on the phone because she wouldn't let me attend a birthday party, it was that bad. In the same way, I want to bring up a
quote from an article that ties into this. Lorber" What men do is usually valued more highly than what women do because men do it, even when
their activities are the same" ( Lorber , 1994 p. 69). This is probably the highlight of my life because whatever I did was never good enough for either
of my parents. I got good
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Gender Roles And Gender Norms Essay
Gender roles are sets of rules, and societal norms that dictate how people should act, or behave in society. Many gender norms are often influenced
by the pressures from culture, family, media, and peers. Although gender roles are not biological, many people are still coerced into believing that
individuals are not supposed to practice desired wants, or freedom because only certain genders can exercise the right to paint one's nails, open doors,
pay for a date, and more. Often, gender roles and gender norms begin at birth. Parents often purchase items that reflect femininity or masculinity.
Society has also placed stigmas on those that use certain colors such as pink even though it was once viewed as a masculine color. Thus, people
are afraid to violate these norms in fear that he or she may be hurt, ridiculed, and out casted. A norm violation are actions or behaviors that defies
the social norms of communities. These social norms vary from culture to culture. However, norm violations are not taken too lightly in many
places, and often, individuals who break these norms are mistreated similarly. Many people are still not open minded about the idea of women who
curse, openly check out men, and swear. I did just that. The potluck was very formal, and I was told beforehand to wear a form fitting dress, high
heels, my hair down nicely, and make up. I did the opposite. I chose to wear slacks, and a white collared shirt similarly to what every man in the
gathering wore. I also
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Gender : Culture And Gender Essay
Culture and Gender
Heather Richardsonā€“Barker
Drexel University
Society has clearly defined boundaries between what is considered to be male or female. The development of an individual's gender role is formed by
interactions with those in close proximity. Society constantly tells us how we should look, act and live based on gender. Family, friends and the media
have a tremendous impact on how these roles are formed and the expected behavior of each gender role.
Gender, as defined by the United Nations, includes the psychological, social, cultural, and behavioral characteristics associated with being female or
male. It further defines acceptable and allowable behavior in for both men and women in a broad cultural sense (United Nations, 2016). Gender
identity impacts our development and how we interact with society. Our daily life decisions are impacted by our gender role beliefs.
Gender ideologies determine the roles that men and women should adhere to in society and are influenced by an individual's social beliefs and
experiences. From traditional to egalitarian values, prejudicial and discriminator behavior towards women can be explained as either interest based or
exposure based (Bolzendahl & Myers 2004). The interest based theory is dependent on whether or not an individual's personal goals are negatively
impacted by gender inequality. If so, they are then more likely to embrace an egalitarianism way of thinking.
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Essay on Gender Equity in Education
Gender Equity in Education
Gender equity issues in mathematics and science have been the focus of many educators and researchers for years. Women have often been denied an
equal education in math and science for many reasons. Parents and teachers must realize this fact and change their habits wherever necessary. Girls
must be given the same opportunity as boys from the beginning, particularly in math and science where girls tend to lag behind.
First of all, the term gender equity must be defined. Gender not only includes the concept of sex, but all the social and cultural meanings that go along
with being either male or female. Every interaction that takes place is in relation to the sex of those involved in it, therefore...show more content...
Parents also have a vital role in influencing the career path their children choose. Children look to their parents as role models and for approval, and
parents attitudes and actions will influence their children. They also take into account what job their mother has as compared to their father. In many
cases, children start to associate gender with particular jobs when they are very young due to their family life(Stitt, 1988). Stereotypes, like those, are
brought forth to girls everyday, ranging from the traditional female jobs to males being more intelligent than females. One example is the fact that
there aren't as many women as men in jobs such as scientists and doctors. Girls often don't question this idea because it is reinforced by so many
people. These stereotypes sometimes get adopted by girls because of this constant reinforcement. Parents have the opportunity either to invalidate these
stereotypes or confirm them by their actions and words. They must reassure their children that girls can participate in anything they want, including
math and science activities or courses.
Teachers also play a crucial role in the development of children's lives. The way they run their classroom has a huge impact on how girls see themselves
and how they perform in school. The way the teacher interacts with his/her female students is often different than interactions with male
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Reflection On Gender Equality
Ever since I could remember, women have always been marginalized from society and more specifically women have been degraded when it came
in comparison to men. It's unfortunate and bickering that this still goes on today, people don't understand and aren't willing to accept the role of a
women and how strong and capable they are to do anything a man can do. In class, we have learned and covered a various amount of topics and I
believe that gender inequality is a very interesting topic that has captivated my mind. Primarily because I am a women of color, already being a woman
is enough of a disadvantage, but to even add woman of color really ties the knot of my luck. The color of my skin and gender can dictate whether I
get the job or not, whether I get a promotion or not, whether I get paid more or less, whether I get accused or attacked, etc. The list is endless and
women are constantly being judged for their actions and when they do decide to stand up and fight back, they're viewed as a joke. I am tired of this
inequality and am hoping someday all women get the same treatment as men, not just white women but all women. Women are just as deserving to
pursue their goals and aspirations as any man, so I believe gender equality is a huge goal that we need to aim towards, not only for the benefit of
women but for the benefit of everyone. Once people learn to open the doors for women and more importantly women of color, things will start to
change in a positive form. There
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Essay on Gender Differences and Emotions
Coexistence between men and women is not impossible or always difficult. However, problems arise when there is an expectation or automatic
assumption of what the opposite sex will think or feel about any given situation. Acceptance of each other without trying to change the other to suit
our own personal need is by far the simplest way to achieve a harmonious relationship. The challenge we face today is in accepting and recognizing
the differences between men and women; and when possible find the humor in those differences. I have had 35 years experience in the area of male and
female differences and believe me, there are many. In sharing my experiences, perhaps you will find some wisdom and a better understanding of this
complicated...show more content...
Men on the other hand want a situation handled as quickly and straightforward as possible. Most of the male species, does not feel the need to
express verbally the issues with all the infinite details as women do. Men are more likely to look at the overall picture and proceed from there. It has
been said that men often have the built in feeling of authority and assume, this feeling is understood by all. When using this thought process, there is
little need for words. The process of solving a problem does not emotionally affect a man as it does a woman. Smart men realize that women need to
feel appreciated and understood and they are known for wanting the last word. So men, remember when her last word has been spoken, leave it at
that. Your next word could be the start of a brand new argument! It may be a fact that most "bad" words are four letter words, but there is exceptions
to every rule. Sensitivity is a "bad" word that consists of much more than four letters and is a dreaded word by most men. When women speak of
sensitivity, there is a smile in their eye and the word itself takes on an angelic tone. Sensitivity is the foundation for forming a relationship for both men
and women, but what does sensitivity mean to the male gender compared to the female gender? A great relationship for the male is most often the
sharing of activities. Sharing activities often signal a close solid
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Essay about Gender Identity
The development of gender awareness is fundamental for our sense of self and is also predominant in any assessment made of another person as
from birth on people respond differently to males and females. Gender identity can be seen as one of the earliest social categories that children learn
to apply to both themselves and other people. This is suggested in Schaffer's (1996) definition where gender identity is the correct labelling of self and
others as male or female. There are three main theories that have been explored which all suggest multiple ways in which gender awareness is
developed: Bandura, Kohlburg and the Gender Scheme Theory. Firstly, Bandura (1977) notes that the idea that social influences clearly plays a very
significant...show more content...
Therefore, this shows that the development of gender awareness and identity has been the topic of many debates, thus showing how important the
development of gender awareness is.
Sex role development begins in infancy and is a basic component of a stable identity throughout life and it can be suggested that the key component
to identity formation are the social influences. This includes parental expectations, peer relationships and social experience that result in conforming
to the gender stereotypes. Research into this has explored the ways in which parents and children interact with each other. From the beginning,
parents tend to treat their child by their sex, ranging from the name given to the baby, to toys and furnishings. This, therefore, places the child into
one category or another. The seemingly simple act of decorating a room or providing access to various play things is intimately connected with
factors of adult influence. For example, this is shown in a study by Rheingold and Cook (1975) who showed how boys' rooms were more likely to
be blue and filled with toy vehicles, sports equipment and stereotypical male items. Girls' rooms on the other hand tended to be decorated with floral
wallpaper and lace, and would be more likely to contain dolls and more feminine objects. This experiment is supported
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Argumentative Essay About Gender Roles
Ever since the dawn of time, women and men have been associated with specific gender roles that can be seen controversial in the eyes of many.
Traits and roles associated with a specific gender can be either innate or learned over time. Looking into the deeper concept of gender roles and
stereotypes, it is clear that these fixed gender roles are not naturally born with, but rather taught, learned, or influenced by external forces. A prominent
example that qualifies the idea that gender roles are not biological but rather learned by external forces is an article written by Katha Pollitt. In "Why
Boys Don't Play with Dolls," Pollitt's main argument is that gender roles that gender roles are acquired by learning. In the text, she states the
unimportance...show more content...
Porter reminiscences about his childhood experiences and how he and other boys were to strictly follow a set of rules that make a man a "man." No
crying or acting weak in front of other men, for instance, would be idealistic for a strong man. Porter even recalls meeting a teen football player
who was deeply saddened and wanted to express his emotions. The teen, however, was in front of his guy friends at the time and he just could not
express any emotions in front of them because he would seem weak and girlish. Peer pressure and conforming to society has pressured the boy
into falling into the trap once again. The teen learned to be tough since everyone else was tough and did not cry. This story is similar to Pollitt's
statement on how "people aspire to what is possible and conform to what is necessary." The teen aspired to become a strong man but knew he had
to conform to society in order to do so. Pressures from other kids and parents play a huge effect on stereotypes. The teen, if he did not conform to
society, would be considered an outcast. People ccannot handle the fact of being called an outcast or abnormal. On the other side of the spectrum,
others may agree that gender roles and stereotypes are purely biological. One might say that a child grows up without a father or mother figure still
ends up learning specific gender roles. It is nearly impossible to have a child unscathed
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Essay On Gender Equality
Everybody is born equal, but are not treated equally. Gender equality has been an ongoing fight in the United States for decades. The majority of
people in the United States would agree that equality is fantastic and that there could be no downside to complete equality. However, in the case of
gender equality (only referring to male and female), it may be better for one gender to dominate a particular role to increase effectiveness. This only
applies to some specialized fields, such as the military, teaching, and child care.
The push for gender equality has always been led by women, as males have historically dominated all positions of power (with a few exceptions),
in both politics and business. Today, many actively push for more women in male dominated roles, and more males in female dominated roles.
One such male role is in the military. There are also those who fight for more balance between men and women in teaching and childcare. In these
cases, scientific studies may suggest that having more women in combat and more men in childcare and teaching may not be as much of a positive
endeavor as some may think. Women are generally not as well equipped for combat as men are. Men are generally not as well equipped for dealing
with children as women are. Biological differences play a serious role in how effective certain jobs can be.
War and conflict between humans has always been around, and always will be. Historically, men have always been the warriors. There have been
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Essay On Gender Roles And Stereotypes
Gender Roles and Stereotypes
A study conducted in 1977 showed 79% of men and 52% of women agreed it was better "if men earned the money and the women took care of the
house and children". The same study was conducted showing a decrease of men and women had agreed before, which was 42% of men and 39% of
women (How have). Researchers Elizabeth L. Haines, Kay Deaux and Nicole Lofaro observed more people were setting aside their differences with
regard to gender and role stereotypes. while traditional gender roles and stereotypes have existed for a long time, social changes have altered the
standard roles of men and womenn. Films have influenced the change in gender roles and stereotypes by introducing themes contrary to traditional
roles. The trend began in the 1900s, women's roles moved from sweet and dependent on strong, outspoken, and independent roles. For instance, 1944
shows Bewitched. Elizabeth Montgomery played the role of a fierce, witty, and capable witch (VanDerWerff). The continuous trend of less traditional
roles has continued into the...show more content...
In 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled all state bans on sameā€“sex marriage as unconstitutional, allowing gay and lesbian couples to wed nationwide
(Ersing). LGBT communities have altered gender roles because they "preconceived ideas out of the window and totally reject the "should" in our
relationships in favor of the innate desire to provide one anotherER. " In the same article, John Ersing proposes sameā€“sex couples neither adopt nor
appropriate gender roles (ErsinG). This social change alters the categorizing of genders and people on sexes because in sameā€“sex relationships,
labeling what is or should be expected is useless. the acceptance of sameā€“sex marriages shows that people do not have to follow the ideal American
family. Instead, LGBT communities are creating their own ideas on what their American family
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Essay on Gender and Sexuality
What does it take to be a man or a woman? Our sense organs alone do not determine whether we are men or women. Our gender includes a
multifaceted combination of beliefs, behaviors, and characteristics. How do we act, behave, and talk like a man or a woman? Each one of us has a
sex, a gender, and a gender identity that are all aspects of our sexuality. These aspects describe who we are, in different personalities and attributes but
related. Society's categories for what is masculine and feminine may not capture how we truly feel, how we behave, or how we define ourselves.
In today's society, the imagery of men and women are portrayed in their different personalities. The ideal male is always characterized as being
competent, stable, tough,...show more content...
A study on the implicit and explicit occupational gender types, Sex Roles, "Occupational gender stereotypes are activated when men and women are
considered to be more suited for certain occupations based on stereotyped characteristics and temperaments" (White and White 2006). Matheus
represented the following examples, "a stereotypically feminine job would be associated with attributes such as nurturing, caring, and being sensitive
to the needs of others and a stereotypically masculine job would be associated with attributes such as decisiveness, coldness and toughness" (Matheus
2010). Nowadays, women are usually seen in the workforce as secretaries and nurses. Meanwhile, most doctors and construction laborers are men. In
addition, Anker points out that "Occupational segregation by gender is prevalent in most if not all countries" (Anker 1998). "Women and men work in
different fields and within fields at different levels" (Anker 1998). Diekman and Wilde explained that "men's concentration in leadership and other high
power roles led to the assumption that men have "agentic characteristics" such selfā€“assertion and dominance and women's concentration in subordinate
and caretaking roles lead to the assumption that they have "communal characteristics" such as being kind and supportive (Diekman and Wilde 2005).
Physical appearance is one of the major if not the most obvious distinguishing feature that separates men and
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Relationship Between Sex and Gender Essay
"Men and women's roles have changed so much that there is no longer any difference."
The relationship that exists between gender and sex has been the root cause of global gender
movements and issues that exists in the contemporary world. The representation of masculinity
and femininity is humanly constructed and sets the stage for social expectation. Social institutions
are designed to cater for the desired gender role that is based on the foundations of traditional
social norms. Norms change over time and space and are influenced by the cultural and social
environment and movements. The theory of gender and its relation to sex, power, femininity and
masculinity are detailed first followed by two case studies...show more content...
The issue of discrimination within the establishments of gender allocation
has been controversial and excruciating. Sex differences are apparent though the means in which
it's applied to social norms are abnormal and humanly created, therefore it can be changed. "There
are no 'natural' differences between men and women; all such differences are socially created,
hence artificial, and would vanish in a society with equality between men and women" (Hakim,
p17).
Power, as Michael Foucault states is a function which operates unnoticeably within social
institutions and directly impacts social expectations. The assigned gender roles are fundamental to
adherence as it determines an individual's acceptance in society or risk being an outcast. Michael
Foucault's theory on power is that "if you do not behave within a gendered norm, then you may be
seen as an outcast. The unfortunate truth is that historically (and even today) men and women who
failed to meet these norms were the victims of abuse even violence" (Arvantikas, J p74).
Case studies have been provided to prove that differences exist between females and males and
this is evident in the assigned gender roles. The contemporary issues that are being tackled by
feminists are primarily due to sex discrimination and abuse in gender roles which impacts critical
aspects of life like employment and physical well being. Case study one discusses the
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What Is Gendered Self In Sociology
Sociology 202
Bovin Som
Dr. Holzgang
11/19/2012
Gendered Self
From January, 1991, the day I was born, I have been given a status, class, and expectation from both my family and the society. A status that was
obtains involuntarily at birth, as a son of a Cambodian's governor, and the only male in family after my dad. It was determined that my sex, the
biological distinction between male and female, was male. From that moment, my parents used my gender, personal traits of the society to determined
how they going to raise me. Expectation and demand for perfection is pressured upon me because my parents are Cambodian Chinese, where the
Chinese culture looks up to the son of the family as a family heritage, and continuity of the family...show more content...
I always looked up to them because they are "white people". In classroom, the males are very smart and athletics, but when I reached high school I
start to realize because of race inequality in school, this is why they seems very smart. Most of my teachers are white English; they called and
spent more time with the white kids and they get away from troubles, especially the males. One reason why boys don't seem to care if they're
wrong is because it's virtually always their faces they see illustrated in the content of the courses; they know they can make mistakes, because they
will continues to be centrally reflected in course content (Kimmel, p.199, 2010). What Michael Kimmel stated above is true for me at home, but not
at school because I am considered as a minority in school. Religion is a very important part of my daily life. Buddhism is embedded to by identity,
where everything we do have to be accordingly, including holiday, family gathering, and socializing in some way. Religion is what brings us together;
however, it is a social institution that employs people, in which people have careers, earn livings, and make a most secular life for themselves
(Kimmel, p.237, 2012). According to Kimmel, Buddhism is a male dominated religion because there are only males that could be monks, and females
could only participate in ceremony, but not conducting
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Social Construction Of Sex And Gender

  • 1. Social Construction Of Sex And Gender Throughout history there has been a controversy regarding the topic of sex and gender. This topic has sparked many debates and the discussion about the distinction of the two continues to grow. Through studying sex and gender, there has been an interest in learning about the relationships they form with sexual orientation. The study of sex and gender is a wide topic and has many subtopics within it that guide researchers with key information. Within sex and gender, there are circumstances in which a person's gendered identity does not align with their biological genetics and they live as the gender they identify as. Due to social construction, the ideas of masculinity and femininity have popularized leading society to have an effect on gender and how we perceive it as it can facilitate the way in which gender is expressed and how it is transforming over time.1 Around the world many groups of individuals have been discovered who identify themselves as transgender or transsexual. As society and culture continue to evolve, it is important to learn about how gender roles effect the way an individual grows and views the world and how they perceive the differences of sex and gender. Even in today's society, many individuals do not understand the vast distinctions between sex and gender. According to Dahl, Sex is defined as the physiological distinction of male and female based on their genitalia.1 Gender, however, consists of the socially constructed roles and behaviours that Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. Essay on Gender Roles in Society Gender Roles in Society Gender role is a commonly discussed subject in society. Gender role simply defined is a person's inner sense of how a male or female should feel and behave. Society and culture are also very important in relation to this subject. This means different societies and cultures may produce children and later, grown men and women, who have quite different views of a man or a woman's place in the world around them, often determined by their culture's gender stereotypes. These topics will be explained and compared to each other later on. How to implement a gender free childcare environment will also be discussed. Children begin to learn their gender roles at a very young age. Boys must learn what boys and men...show more content... However, our children and we still mainly see very traditional gender roles portrayed in the entertainment media that influence us so much. For example, the plot in very few television shows or movies would have the woman go out to fight the bad guys while the man stayed home to make sure the kids went to bed on time. Now let's compare some differences between gender roles in traditional Chinese and Canadian culture. During the important early developmental years, when children are "learning" their gender roles and how to be, think and act as a girl or a boy, a young Chinese girl will be taught, often cruelly, that her value to the family is less than a male's. She will do chores around the house, while her brother may not help at all, and she will see this sexual division of labor carried out by her parents and other siblings. Her father will often devote much greater attention to her brother, talking to him from a very young age about such "male" subjects as business and going out in the world. He will be encouraged to be active and outgoing, while she will be required to remain submissive and obedient. The boy will often have many more toys than she does ā€“ his trucks and plastic guns outnumbering her dolls. From early on, she will understand that any resources for education or career will be almost all reserved for the male children. Her gender role is not Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3. What Defines Gender? Essay Gender is not only what you see in front of you, the sex you were born with, but also how you think, feel act and react in some situations. It is how you were raised to be and how you shaped yourself to become as you grew up. It is a fascinating blend of biological, psychological, and sociological features. The biology part of this is easiest for most people. Those people who were born unmistakably as male or female and developed normally as they went through puberty. If you fall into this category we can define that there is some chemical structure, some inbred instincts that make you psychologically male or psychologically female. There is significant research to prove that males' brains work in different fashions than...show more content... Smell nice, look nice, taste nice, and feel nice. Most males aren't so picky, which is why women are more apt to being interior designers. This may be because of the socialization of the men and women tell them what stereotypes they are to be and their natural tendencies of psychological development followed that path. Men are more often stereotyped negatively then women, according to a study in "Gender Stereotypes: A Bias Against Men." I believe this is because men are the last safe targets for criticism, and also because to "be a man" our society has taught boys that they must be tough, strong, and never show a weakness, especially in front of a girl. This damages the natural emotions of males because the very same thing girls are brought up to do freely, such as cry, and talk things out, boys are discouraged from doing, and learn unhealthy ways of expressing their emotions. These are both sociological, and psychological. Females are also confined in boxes of who and what they can be. They can be at home moms, businesswomen, secretaries, waitresses, salesgirls, writers, teachers and caregivers, but what about construction workers, or soldiers, in the action law enforcement, or even combat pilots. Women don't even bother because they are told they can't do that, they don't have the strength, the emotional conditioning, or the general ability. They can, and some have done just that, women just are told so many Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. Reflection About Gender Identity 1. Gender identity is one's personal experience of one's own gender. Gender identity can correlate with assigned sex at birth, or can differ from it completely. Usually, People get their identity depending on the society that they are surrounded by. Most of the times, sexual orientation comes from society influences and learned behaviors. In my personal opinion, I got my gender identity from my parents, since there has no other believe in my household other than, if you are a male you are treaded as a male. In the Dominican Republic there are many Taboos when it comes to homosexuality. This means that people try to cover and make their kids think that it does not exist. It is difficult there to see two men holding hands walking on the street or to hear about someone that is homosexual. Also religion plays the biggest role in this topic. In my culture it is believed that God will punish people with sexual desire toward someone of the same sex. My father used to tell me male chauvinist things like, men don't cry or men don't feel any pain, and that is not true. The problem with these is that, imagine a child in school crying for some reason, the other kids are going to call him name because they learned that crying is not a characteristic of a man. This is a conduct learned through several generations, and it is not changing any time soon. 2. There is not one person in the world that loves you more than your mother. My mother and I have a very distant relationship, but I Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. Gender and Sexuality Essay Males and females are classed differently from the moment they are pronounced boy or girl. Gender determines the differences in power and control in which men and women have over the socioeconomic determinants of their health, lives and status in their community. Our society moulds how men and women should and should not behave and can be observed in all parts of our society. As a result of theseGender stereotypes men and women have issues which affect their health which are unique to each gender. Males for example are perceived to be greater risk takers as a whole in our society than that of females. We represent risk taking behavior with masculinity and violence, high speed driving and contact sport with the male gender. (Doyle 2005)...show more content... Women in the last thirty years or so have fought for equality among the sexes in all forms. The Women?s movement have fought hard to change this socially constructed view of our society. Due to this double burden placed on working mothers there is a far greater demand on their bodies and an increasingly likelihood of illness in many forms as well as psychological trauma such as depression and anxiety due to the constant workload. Females in the past were argued as having a less likelihood of illness because they were not as abundant in the workforce thus giving them more relaxation time. When males retire around the age group of 55 to 65 many of them pass away early due to the dramatic change in lifestyle. They go from five days a week working nine or ten hour days to completely nothing and because they have become so adapted to the working week they change their habits, their lifestyle differs and they develop sickness and health problems. As health is seen as a holistic concept we also have to focus on the psychological side of health. Mental illnesses affect around one in every three people and an individual?s gender is a critical determinant of mental health and mental illness. Women are much more likely to develop mental health problems then males do. The most predominant of these disorders are depression, anxiety and somatic complaints. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. Reflective Essay On Gender In this situation, I don't think I would tell anyone or try to pass as a woman. As close as I am to my mom, I still have difficulty talking to her about my sexuality or questions of gender, and outside of her, I don't have anyone I imagine I would feel comfortable explaining my feelings to. Therefore, I think I would allow people to treat me as a man and misgender me, suppressing all of the discomfort that treatment would produce. From the powerpoint Diversity and Variance inGender Identities, expression, and attraction, pt 2 and the video Genderā€“the Space Between, it's easy for me to imagine myself developing more anxiety and depressive symptoms like the people in the video ā€“ keeping that stress, confusion, and displeasure inside of me couldn't possibly be healthy. Although I don't think I would care much about my change in clothes since I already prefer to dress and present myself fairly genderā€“neutral, the component that's bothering me the most is the thought of the community I would lose. Although I often question my gender, I'm the most comfortable when I'm surrounded by other women. Consequently, in this scenario, it would hurt to no longer immediately share a gender identity with women and thus be cut off from the "girl's club," existing instead as someone women may feel forced to police themselves around. All of my closest friends are women so to be expected to act in a masculine way in order to fit in with my male peers would be difficult. However, I imagine I Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. Reflection On Gender Inequality As I said before, I believe inequality, power, and oppression share a connection with each other. However, I would say I feel more of a connection with inequality and oppression because it has impacted my life beyond just being a women. I would define inequality has an unequal distribution of rights in the form of discrimination. Because telling me I can't do something because I'm a girl is discriminating against my gender. In the same way, I believe that oppression means the power of control mentally and emotionally. If you're always going to tell me this is right and this is wrong, I wouldn't be able to have my own beliefs because it's been decided for me. I want to about inequality because I feel like people take the idea of gender inequality has a light topic, that all they think about is the wage gap when it's more than that. Its about women being prevented from doing things just because of their appearance for into apparent reason. For example, in the culture that I'm being raised in women are not allowed to have male friends, it is frown upon. It's taken so seriously that all my cousins did was go out with a boy to study that her Dad made her drop out of school and get married to a thirty year old. Such brutal consequences for a minor thing. And there's no reason why, the only reason is just because you're a girl. I'll give you another example, I'm a very outgoing person, so I received a lot of invites to social events, but I never once went to any of them because I wasn't allowed to. My brother was allowed to go to friends' houses and have sleepovers, but I wasn't because girls don't do that or I'll get hurt from my friends brother. It sucks because I lost a lot of friends and they weren't very understanding about it, I can renumber my Mom screaming at my friends on the phone because she wouldn't let me attend a birthday party, it was that bad. In the same way, I want to bring up a quote from an article that ties into this. Lorber" What men do is usually valued more highly than what women do because men do it, even when their activities are the same" ( Lorber , 1994 p. 69). This is probably the highlight of my life because whatever I did was never good enough for either of my parents. I got good Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Gender Roles And Gender Norms Essay Gender roles are sets of rules, and societal norms that dictate how people should act, or behave in society. Many gender norms are often influenced by the pressures from culture, family, media, and peers. Although gender roles are not biological, many people are still coerced into believing that individuals are not supposed to practice desired wants, or freedom because only certain genders can exercise the right to paint one's nails, open doors, pay for a date, and more. Often, gender roles and gender norms begin at birth. Parents often purchase items that reflect femininity or masculinity. Society has also placed stigmas on those that use certain colors such as pink even though it was once viewed as a masculine color. Thus, people are afraid to violate these norms in fear that he or she may be hurt, ridiculed, and out casted. A norm violation are actions or behaviors that defies the social norms of communities. These social norms vary from culture to culture. However, norm violations are not taken too lightly in many places, and often, individuals who break these norms are mistreated similarly. Many people are still not open minded about the idea of women who curse, openly check out men, and swear. I did just that. The potluck was very formal, and I was told beforehand to wear a form fitting dress, high heels, my hair down nicely, and make up. I did the opposite. I chose to wear slacks, and a white collared shirt similarly to what every man in the gathering wore. I also Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9. Gender : Culture And Gender Essay Culture and Gender Heather Richardsonā€“Barker Drexel University Society has clearly defined boundaries between what is considered to be male or female. The development of an individual's gender role is formed by interactions with those in close proximity. Society constantly tells us how we should look, act and live based on gender. Family, friends and the media have a tremendous impact on how these roles are formed and the expected behavior of each gender role. Gender, as defined by the United Nations, includes the psychological, social, cultural, and behavioral characteristics associated with being female or male. It further defines acceptable and allowable behavior in for both men and women in a broad cultural sense (United Nations, 2016). Gender identity impacts our development and how we interact with society. Our daily life decisions are impacted by our gender role beliefs. Gender ideologies determine the roles that men and women should adhere to in society and are influenced by an individual's social beliefs and experiences. From traditional to egalitarian values, prejudicial and discriminator behavior towards women can be explained as either interest based or exposure based (Bolzendahl & Myers 2004). The interest based theory is dependent on whether or not an individual's personal goals are negatively impacted by gender inequality. If so, they are then more likely to embrace an egalitarianism way of thinking. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. Essay on Gender Equity in Education Gender Equity in Education Gender equity issues in mathematics and science have been the focus of many educators and researchers for years. Women have often been denied an equal education in math and science for many reasons. Parents and teachers must realize this fact and change their habits wherever necessary. Girls must be given the same opportunity as boys from the beginning, particularly in math and science where girls tend to lag behind. First of all, the term gender equity must be defined. Gender not only includes the concept of sex, but all the social and cultural meanings that go along with being either male or female. Every interaction that takes place is in relation to the sex of those involved in it, therefore...show more content... Parents also have a vital role in influencing the career path their children choose. Children look to their parents as role models and for approval, and parents attitudes and actions will influence their children. They also take into account what job their mother has as compared to their father. In many cases, children start to associate gender with particular jobs when they are very young due to their family life(Stitt, 1988). Stereotypes, like those, are brought forth to girls everyday, ranging from the traditional female jobs to males being more intelligent than females. One example is the fact that there aren't as many women as men in jobs such as scientists and doctors. Girls often don't question this idea because it is reinforced by so many people. These stereotypes sometimes get adopted by girls because of this constant reinforcement. Parents have the opportunity either to invalidate these stereotypes or confirm them by their actions and words. They must reassure their children that girls can participate in anything they want, including math and science activities or courses. Teachers also play a crucial role in the development of children's lives. The way they run their classroom has a huge impact on how girls see themselves and how they perform in school. The way the teacher interacts with his/her female students is often different than interactions with male Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Reflection On Gender Equality Ever since I could remember, women have always been marginalized from society and more specifically women have been degraded when it came in comparison to men. It's unfortunate and bickering that this still goes on today, people don't understand and aren't willing to accept the role of a women and how strong and capable they are to do anything a man can do. In class, we have learned and covered a various amount of topics and I believe that gender inequality is a very interesting topic that has captivated my mind. Primarily because I am a women of color, already being a woman is enough of a disadvantage, but to even add woman of color really ties the knot of my luck. The color of my skin and gender can dictate whether I get the job or not, whether I get a promotion or not, whether I get paid more or less, whether I get accused or attacked, etc. The list is endless and women are constantly being judged for their actions and when they do decide to stand up and fight back, they're viewed as a joke. I am tired of this inequality and am hoping someday all women get the same treatment as men, not just white women but all women. Women are just as deserving to pursue their goals and aspirations as any man, so I believe gender equality is a huge goal that we need to aim towards, not only for the benefit of women but for the benefit of everyone. Once people learn to open the doors for women and more importantly women of color, things will start to change in a positive form. There Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. Essay on Gender Differences and Emotions Coexistence between men and women is not impossible or always difficult. However, problems arise when there is an expectation or automatic assumption of what the opposite sex will think or feel about any given situation. Acceptance of each other without trying to change the other to suit our own personal need is by far the simplest way to achieve a harmonious relationship. The challenge we face today is in accepting and recognizing the differences between men and women; and when possible find the humor in those differences. I have had 35 years experience in the area of male and female differences and believe me, there are many. In sharing my experiences, perhaps you will find some wisdom and a better understanding of this complicated...show more content... Men on the other hand want a situation handled as quickly and straightforward as possible. Most of the male species, does not feel the need to express verbally the issues with all the infinite details as women do. Men are more likely to look at the overall picture and proceed from there. It has been said that men often have the built in feeling of authority and assume, this feeling is understood by all. When using this thought process, there is little need for words. The process of solving a problem does not emotionally affect a man as it does a woman. Smart men realize that women need to feel appreciated and understood and they are known for wanting the last word. So men, remember when her last word has been spoken, leave it at that. Your next word could be the start of a brand new argument! It may be a fact that most "bad" words are four letter words, but there is exceptions to every rule. Sensitivity is a "bad" word that consists of much more than four letters and is a dreaded word by most men. When women speak of sensitivity, there is a smile in their eye and the word itself takes on an angelic tone. Sensitivity is the foundation for forming a relationship for both men and women, but what does sensitivity mean to the male gender compared to the female gender? A great relationship for the male is most often the sharing of activities. Sharing activities often signal a close solid Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. Essay about Gender Identity The development of gender awareness is fundamental for our sense of self and is also predominant in any assessment made of another person as from birth on people respond differently to males and females. Gender identity can be seen as one of the earliest social categories that children learn to apply to both themselves and other people. This is suggested in Schaffer's (1996) definition where gender identity is the correct labelling of self and others as male or female. There are three main theories that have been explored which all suggest multiple ways in which gender awareness is developed: Bandura, Kohlburg and the Gender Scheme Theory. Firstly, Bandura (1977) notes that the idea that social influences clearly plays a very significant...show more content... Therefore, this shows that the development of gender awareness and identity has been the topic of many debates, thus showing how important the development of gender awareness is. Sex role development begins in infancy and is a basic component of a stable identity throughout life and it can be suggested that the key component to identity formation are the social influences. This includes parental expectations, peer relationships and social experience that result in conforming to the gender stereotypes. Research into this has explored the ways in which parents and children interact with each other. From the beginning, parents tend to treat their child by their sex, ranging from the name given to the baby, to toys and furnishings. This, therefore, places the child into one category or another. The seemingly simple act of decorating a room or providing access to various play things is intimately connected with factors of adult influence. For example, this is shown in a study by Rheingold and Cook (1975) who showed how boys' rooms were more likely to be blue and filled with toy vehicles, sports equipment and stereotypical male items. Girls' rooms on the other hand tended to be decorated with floral wallpaper and lace, and would be more likely to contain dolls and more feminine objects. This experiment is supported Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. Argumentative Essay About Gender Roles Ever since the dawn of time, women and men have been associated with specific gender roles that can be seen controversial in the eyes of many. Traits and roles associated with a specific gender can be either innate or learned over time. Looking into the deeper concept of gender roles and stereotypes, it is clear that these fixed gender roles are not naturally born with, but rather taught, learned, or influenced by external forces. A prominent example that qualifies the idea that gender roles are not biological but rather learned by external forces is an article written by Katha Pollitt. In "Why Boys Don't Play with Dolls," Pollitt's main argument is that gender roles that gender roles are acquired by learning. In the text, she states the unimportance...show more content... Porter reminiscences about his childhood experiences and how he and other boys were to strictly follow a set of rules that make a man a "man." No crying or acting weak in front of other men, for instance, would be idealistic for a strong man. Porter even recalls meeting a teen football player who was deeply saddened and wanted to express his emotions. The teen, however, was in front of his guy friends at the time and he just could not express any emotions in front of them because he would seem weak and girlish. Peer pressure and conforming to society has pressured the boy into falling into the trap once again. The teen learned to be tough since everyone else was tough and did not cry. This story is similar to Pollitt's statement on how "people aspire to what is possible and conform to what is necessary." The teen aspired to become a strong man but knew he had to conform to society in order to do so. Pressures from other kids and parents play a huge effect on stereotypes. The teen, if he did not conform to society, would be considered an outcast. People ccannot handle the fact of being called an outcast or abnormal. On the other side of the spectrum, others may agree that gender roles and stereotypes are purely biological. One might say that a child grows up without a father or mother figure still ends up learning specific gender roles. It is nearly impossible to have a child unscathed Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 15. Essay On Gender Equality Everybody is born equal, but are not treated equally. Gender equality has been an ongoing fight in the United States for decades. The majority of people in the United States would agree that equality is fantastic and that there could be no downside to complete equality. However, in the case of gender equality (only referring to male and female), it may be better for one gender to dominate a particular role to increase effectiveness. This only applies to some specialized fields, such as the military, teaching, and child care. The push for gender equality has always been led by women, as males have historically dominated all positions of power (with a few exceptions), in both politics and business. Today, many actively push for more women in male dominated roles, and more males in female dominated roles. One such male role is in the military. There are also those who fight for more balance between men and women in teaching and childcare. In these cases, scientific studies may suggest that having more women in combat and more men in childcare and teaching may not be as much of a positive endeavor as some may think. Women are generally not as well equipped for combat as men are. Men are generally not as well equipped for dealing with children as women are. Biological differences play a serious role in how effective certain jobs can be. War and conflict between humans has always been around, and always will be. Historically, men have always been the warriors. There have been Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Essay On Gender Roles And Stereotypes Gender Roles and Stereotypes A study conducted in 1977 showed 79% of men and 52% of women agreed it was better "if men earned the money and the women took care of the house and children". The same study was conducted showing a decrease of men and women had agreed before, which was 42% of men and 39% of women (How have). Researchers Elizabeth L. Haines, Kay Deaux and Nicole Lofaro observed more people were setting aside their differences with regard to gender and role stereotypes. while traditional gender roles and stereotypes have existed for a long time, social changes have altered the standard roles of men and womenn. Films have influenced the change in gender roles and stereotypes by introducing themes contrary to traditional roles. The trend began in the 1900s, women's roles moved from sweet and dependent on strong, outspoken, and independent roles. For instance, 1944 shows Bewitched. Elizabeth Montgomery played the role of a fierce, witty, and capable witch (VanDerWerff). The continuous trend of less traditional roles has continued into the...show more content... In 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled all state bans on sameā€“sex marriage as unconstitutional, allowing gay and lesbian couples to wed nationwide (Ersing). LGBT communities have altered gender roles because they "preconceived ideas out of the window and totally reject the "should" in our relationships in favor of the innate desire to provide one anotherER. " In the same article, John Ersing proposes sameā€“sex couples neither adopt nor appropriate gender roles (ErsinG). This social change alters the categorizing of genders and people on sexes because in sameā€“sex relationships, labeling what is or should be expected is useless. the acceptance of sameā€“sex marriages shows that people do not have to follow the ideal American family. Instead, LGBT communities are creating their own ideas on what their American family Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17. Essay on Gender and Sexuality What does it take to be a man or a woman? Our sense organs alone do not determine whether we are men or women. Our gender includes a multifaceted combination of beliefs, behaviors, and characteristics. How do we act, behave, and talk like a man or a woman? Each one of us has a sex, a gender, and a gender identity that are all aspects of our sexuality. These aspects describe who we are, in different personalities and attributes but related. Society's categories for what is masculine and feminine may not capture how we truly feel, how we behave, or how we define ourselves. In today's society, the imagery of men and women are portrayed in their different personalities. The ideal male is always characterized as being competent, stable, tough,...show more content... A study on the implicit and explicit occupational gender types, Sex Roles, "Occupational gender stereotypes are activated when men and women are considered to be more suited for certain occupations based on stereotyped characteristics and temperaments" (White and White 2006). Matheus represented the following examples, "a stereotypically feminine job would be associated with attributes such as nurturing, caring, and being sensitive to the needs of others and a stereotypically masculine job would be associated with attributes such as decisiveness, coldness and toughness" (Matheus 2010). Nowadays, women are usually seen in the workforce as secretaries and nurses. Meanwhile, most doctors and construction laborers are men. In addition, Anker points out that "Occupational segregation by gender is prevalent in most if not all countries" (Anker 1998). "Women and men work in different fields and within fields at different levels" (Anker 1998). Diekman and Wilde explained that "men's concentration in leadership and other high power roles led to the assumption that men have "agentic characteristics" such selfā€“assertion and dominance and women's concentration in subordinate and caretaking roles lead to the assumption that they have "communal characteristics" such as being kind and supportive (Diekman and Wilde 2005). Physical appearance is one of the major if not the most obvious distinguishing feature that separates men and Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 18. Relationship Between Sex and Gender Essay "Men and women's roles have changed so much that there is no longer any difference." The relationship that exists between gender and sex has been the root cause of global gender movements and issues that exists in the contemporary world. The representation of masculinity and femininity is humanly constructed and sets the stage for social expectation. Social institutions are designed to cater for the desired gender role that is based on the foundations of traditional social norms. Norms change over time and space and are influenced by the cultural and social environment and movements. The theory of gender and its relation to sex, power, femininity and masculinity are detailed first followed by two case studies...show more content... The issue of discrimination within the establishments of gender allocation has been controversial and excruciating. Sex differences are apparent though the means in which it's applied to social norms are abnormal and humanly created, therefore it can be changed. "There are no 'natural' differences between men and women; all such differences are socially created, hence artificial, and would vanish in a society with equality between men and women" (Hakim, p17).
  • 19. Power, as Michael Foucault states is a function which operates unnoticeably within social institutions and directly impacts social expectations. The assigned gender roles are fundamental to adherence as it determines an individual's acceptance in society or risk being an outcast. Michael Foucault's theory on power is that "if you do not behave within a gendered norm, then you may be seen as an outcast. The unfortunate truth is that historically (and even today) men and women who failed to meet these norms were the victims of abuse even violence" (Arvantikas, J p74). Case studies have been provided to prove that differences exist between females and males and this is evident in the assigned gender roles. The contemporary issues that are being tackled by feminists are primarily due to sex discrimination and abuse in gender roles which impacts critical aspects of life like employment and physical well being. Case study one discusses the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. What Is Gendered Self In Sociology Sociology 202 Bovin Som Dr. Holzgang 11/19/2012 Gendered Self From January, 1991, the day I was born, I have been given a status, class, and expectation from both my family and the society. A status that was obtains involuntarily at birth, as a son of a Cambodian's governor, and the only male in family after my dad. It was determined that my sex, the biological distinction between male and female, was male. From that moment, my parents used my gender, personal traits of the society to determined how they going to raise me. Expectation and demand for perfection is pressured upon me because my parents are Cambodian Chinese, where the Chinese culture looks up to the son of the family as a family heritage, and continuity of the family...show more content... I always looked up to them because they are "white people". In classroom, the males are very smart and athletics, but when I reached high school I start to realize because of race inequality in school, this is why they seems very smart. Most of my teachers are white English; they called and spent more time with the white kids and they get away from troubles, especially the males. One reason why boys don't seem to care if they're wrong is because it's virtually always their faces they see illustrated in the content of the courses; they know they can make mistakes, because they will continues to be centrally reflected in course content (Kimmel, p.199, 2010). What Michael Kimmel stated above is true for me at home, but not at school because I am considered as a minority in school. Religion is a very important part of my daily life. Buddhism is embedded to by identity, where everything we do have to be accordingly, including holiday, family gathering, and socializing in some way. Religion is what brings us together; however, it is a social institution that employs people, in which people have careers, earn livings, and make a most secular life for themselves (Kimmel, p.237, 2012). According to Kimmel, Buddhism is a male dominated religion because there are only males that could be monks, and females could only participate in ceremony, but not conducting Get more content on HelpWriting.net