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CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY & SEAFLOOR SPREADING.pptx
- 2. Alfred Lothar Wegener A German polar researcher, geophysicist, and meteorologist. Developed a theory to explain his observation that at one time all the continents were a part of one large landmass called PANGAEA. Suggested that the parts of Pangaea drifted to their present position. He called his idea as the CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY.
- 3. Evidence of continental drift theory a. Geological Fit Evidence b. Fossil Evidence
- 4. Geological “Fit” Evidence is the matching of large- scale geological feature on different continents.
- 5. Geological “fit” evidence Same rock types different continents. Matching mountain chains different continents.
- 6. Fossil Evidence Fossil – are the remains or traces of plant or animal life, usually preserved in rocks and sedimentary.
- 7. Fossil evidence Same Fossils different continents Plant fossils in polar region Coal deposits in polar region
- 8. Mesosaurus is known to have been a type of reptile, similar to the modern crocodile, which propelled itself through the water with its long hind legs and limber tail. Permian period (286 to 258 million years ago),
- 10. Cynognathus was a mammal-like reptile as large as a modern wolf. Triassic period (250 to 240 million years ago)
- 12. Lystrosaurus which translates to "shovel reptile," is thought to have been a herbivore with a stout built like a pig.
- 14. Glossopteris the most important fossil evidence found in the plant,
- 18. Seafloor Spreading and Magnetic Reversal The idea of continental drift circulated in scientific circles until World War II, when sounding gear called SONAR produced new evidence of what the seafloor looked like. The gear, developed in the 1930s, bounced sound waves off the seafloor to determine its depth and features.
- 20. The command of a attack transport ship, the USS Cape Johnson, was given to Harry Hammond Hess, a geologist from Princeton university.
- 21. Seafloor Spreading “Hot less dense material from below the earth’s crust rises towards the surface at the mid-ocean ridge.”
- 23. The place where two plates move apart or diverge is called a divergent boundary.
- 25. from: http://www.geo.lsa.umich.edu/~crlb/COURSES/270 Continental crust to continental crust collision India-Asia (Himalayas) Before collision After collision
- 26. The Mid-Ocean Ridge system, shown above snaking its way between the continents, is more than 56,000 kilometers (35,000 mi) long. It circles the earth like the stitching on a baseball!
- 27. A convergent boundary is where two plates come together, or converge. The result of the plates hitting together is called a collision.
- 28. A transform fault boundary is a place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions.
- 29. Oceanic crust to oceanic
- 30. Also the way the Appalachian Mountains formed!
- 31. Because one plate gets pushed under another, it is called subduction. This is where volcanoes form! Oceanic crust colliding with oceanic crust Oceanic crust colliding with continental crust all from: http://www.geo.lsa.umich.edu/~crlb/COURSES/270
Editor's Notes
- At first. Many scientist did not accept Wegener’s theory of continental drift. They do not understand how the continents could have moved. In fact, it took more than 50 years and some very important discoveries before Wegener’s theory was finally accepted by most scientists.
- At first. Many scientist did not accept Wegener’s theory of continental drift. They do not understand how the continents could have moved. In fact, it took more than 50 years and some very important discoveries before Wegener’s theory was finally accepted by most scientists.
- It lived during the early Permian period (286 to 258 million years ago), and its remains are found solely in South Africa and Eastern South America.
- Its fossils are found only in South Africa and South America. As a dominant land species,
- Lystrosaurus fossils are only found in Antarctica, India, and South Africa.
- Lystrosaurus fossils are only found in Antarctica, India, and South Africa.
- The place where two plates move apart or diverge is called a divergent boundary.
- This is a model of sea floor spreading at a divergent boundary called a mid ocean ridge.