ELEMENTS OF SHORT STORY: CHARACTER GRADE-10

1. A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN K-12 CURRICULUM
English
Grade 10
SY: 2021-2022
Student Teacher:Clarice B. Caballero December 13, 2021
Cooperating Teacher:Arvin O. Donguines
I.Objective
At the end of the lesson, 100% of the learners with 75% and above level of proficiency shall be able to:
1. determine character as part of the elements of a short story.
II.Subject Matter
Topic: Elements of Short Story: Character
Reference:Self Learning Activity Sheet, Grade-10 (Week 3)
Celebrating Diversity through World Literature
https://writingexplained.org/grammar dictionary/
https://orphan.fandom.com/wiki/Esther
Materials: PowerPoint Presentation, Short Story (hardcopy), pictures
III.PROCEDURE
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. Preliminary Activities
i. Prayer
Hi, everyone! Let’s pray first before we start our
discussion for today.
ii. Greetings
Good day, class! How are you today?
iii. Checking ofAttendance
Who’s absent today, class?
That’s great. Keep it up, class!
iv. Passing ofAssignments
I gave you an assignment yesterday,which is to
read the other elements of a short story.
v. Review
Let’s have a quick review of our topic yesterday.
Can anyone tell me what our topic was all about?
(Kayla stands up to lead the prayer.)
Good day, Ma’am! We are fine. Thank you!
Nobody’s absent today, Ma’am.
Yes,Ma’am.
(En-en stands up to answer.)
Yesterday,we talked about setting as a short story
element, Ma’am.

2. Good. Can anyone of you here tell us more about
setting as an element of a short story?
Very good, Katherina.
B. Developmental Activities
1. Activity
Now, this is what we are going to do today.
First, I’ll group you into 5 groups.
Second, each group will be given a picture and once
you received the picture, you have to describe each
person, animals, or creatures that you can see in that
illustration. Your description of each picture should be
at least 3-4 sentences.
Third, choose your own representative who will report
or talk in front for your group.
I’ll give you 5 minutes to finish your short descriptions
for each character.
Do you understand, class?
(Teacher starts dividing students into 4 groups.)
(Teacher provides picture for each group.)
(Katherina raise her hand to answer.)
The setting of a short story is the time and place in
which it happens. Authors often use descriptions of
landscape, scenery,buildings, seasons or weather to
provide a strong sense of setting and help readers
visualize it, Ma’am.
Yes,Ma’am.
(Group 1 receives their picture.)
-Cinderella
(Group 2 receives their picture.)
-Maleficent

3. Everyone, you can start working with your groups
now.
Is everyone ready to present their task?
Okay, let’s have the group one first.
Thank you, Kira. Now, let’s hear from group two.
Okay. Thank you for that, Lily.
This time, let’s have the group three.
(Group 3 receives their picture.)
-Esther (From the movie, Orphan)
(Group 4 receives their pictures.)
-Elizabeth Bennet (Pride and Prejudice)
(Group 5 receives their pictures.)
-Charlotte Lucas (Pride and Prejudice)
(All groups receive their pictures.)
5 minutes arrive.
(Students present their task.)
Yes,Ma’am.
(Kira stands up in front to present their group task.)
Good Day, Everyone! So, we have Cinderella here. I
know everyone of us knows her. She’s a Disney
princess with a medium-length blonde hair, blue
eyes,and a fair complexion. She’s a cheerfuland
hopeful woman, it doesn’t matter how badly she is
treated by her step moms and step sisters, Cinderella
remains positive. She didn’t have many people to
look to for inspiration, but her daddy. That’s all.
(Lily stands up in front to present their group task.)
Good day, classmates! Here,we have Maleficent, a
beautiful, pure-hearted young woman. She has a tall,
slender, prominent chin, and a narrow face. She is
elegant and darkly beautiful. Maleficent has an
idyllic life growing up in a peaceable forest kingdom.
As a child she was a good-hearted protector to the
Moors and after being betrayed by her first and only
love, Maleficent’s heart turned black and filled with
hate. She is evil, but in self-defense.

4. Thanks for that, Cyrell. Now, let’s have the next group.
Thanks for that, Jhaya. This time, let’s hear from the
last group.
2. Analysis
Class, what have you noticed based on your answers
regarding those pictures?
That’s right, Mary. What do you think is common
about these people assuming different roles in movies,
short story, or even novels?
That’s a good point, Kayla. But, why do you say so?
Do you think they are the same people from the
beginning until the end of their roles?
Class, do you agree with Kayla’s answer?
(Cyrell stands up in front to present their group task.)
Hi, Everyone! We are assigned to talk about this
famous movie character,Esther. She is physically not
quite a grown woman and not quite a child, suffering
from a pituitary disorder that causes her to be a
proportional dwarf. You will never know what she is
by just looking at her innocent face. She is a woman
who could be defined as a violent and deluded
psychopath. She is highly intelligent, highly
manipulative, superficially charming when needed,
and lacks remorse.
(Jhaya stands up in front to present their group task.)
Hello, Everyone! So, we are assigned to talk about
this beautiful person from a novel written by Jane
Austen. Elizabeth Bennet was described to be the
second prettiest of the five Bennet sisters, with an
attractive figure, intelligent features,and beautiful
expressive dark eyes that caught even Mr. Darcy's
admiration. She is an exceptionally intelligent, witty,
and talented young woman. She is also able to play
the pianoforte and others always love to listen to her
as it pleases them. Additionally, one of the most
interesting parts of her personality is that she knows
what she wants, like she was determined not to enter
into a marriage just for the sake of financial security
or convenience, as a result of her judgement of her
parents’ unhappy marriage.
(Kayla stands up in front to present their group task.)
Good Day, everyone! We have Charlotte Lucas here.
She is a dear friend of Elizabeth, who’s not that
pretty yet, initially described as intelligent and
sensible woman. She also believes that choosing a
partner who can provide economic stability is
important rather than marrying for love. Charlotte
accurately assesses her priorities and what she needs
to be happy, and chooses accordingly.
(Mary raise her hand to answer.)
We are describing them as people involved in stories,
from how they look like and of who they are in their
own roles, Ma’am.
(Kayla raise her hand to answer.)
I think the similarities they possessed is that they
have reasons why they are the way they are,who
they have become, their choices, and that’s because
of the challenges they have dealt with.
No, Ma’am. There are people involved in a story who
started as this kind of a person and then later on
changes because of the lessons they have learned all
throughout and maybe because they are meant to
change to give more impact to the story and make it
more interesting.
Yes,Ma’am.

5. Do you agree with En-en’s answer,class?
Very good discussion. Who would like to add more
information about this topic?
Impressive answers!
Clap your hands everyone. Good job, class.
3.Abstraction
Now, let’s proceed to understanding more about our
lesson by reading the definitions.
Liezly, please read the first slide.
Going back to your activity earlier. Can anyone of you
here tell me who the static character is?
Do you agree with Mary’s answer,class?
Good. Then let’s have Heyna read the next slide.
Thank you, Heyna. So, out of the characters you had
on your activity, which one do you think is the foil
character?
Do you agree with Kayla, class?
(En-en raise her hand to answer.)
Ma’am, I would also like to add that there are also
characters in a story who remains the same despite
the trials they have encountered, just like Cinderella,
even though they went from good terms to bad terms
with her stepmother and stepsisters treating her as a
servant, ordering her around, and being very cruel in
general since her father died, she remains hopeful,
helpful, cheerful, and humble. And even after
meeting and dancing with the Prince with the help of
her fairy godmother, she’s still the same person.
Yes,Ma’am.
(Katherine raise her hand to answer.)
Ma’am, I would like to share that there are characters
who enhances the qualities of other characters
through contrast, Ma’am. Just like in the novel
entitled, Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth’s dear friend,
Charlotte, her unfortunate circumstances in marriage
is in contrast to Elizabeth, who has the power of
choice and refusalwhen it comes to deciding who
will be her husband, also with the fact that Charlotte
doesn’t look as attractive as Elizabeth. However, they
are both intelligent, despite their differences of values
and physical features,
(Liezly reads the definition.)
Static – characters who are static do not change
throughout the story. Their use may simply be to
create or relieve tension, or they were not meant to
change. A major character can remain static through
the whole story.
(Mary raise her hand to answer.)
Ma’am, the static character among those characters
that we described earlier in our activity is Cinderella,
because her personality did not alter from the
beginning until the end of the story, she remains who
she is despite the circumstances and people who
made her life miserable.
Yes,Ma’am.
(Heyna reads the definition.)
Foil – a foil is a character that has opposite character
traits from another, meant to help highlight or bring
out another’s positive or negative side. Many times,
the antagonist is foil for the protagonist.
(Kayla raise her hand to answer.)
Ma’am, I think it is Charlotte Lucas whom we can
call a foil character,because she is in contrast
character of her dear friend, Elizabeth. Though both

6. Kira, read the next two definitions please.
From those 5 people that you’ve described who do you
think is the dynamic character?
That’s right. She’s definitely a dynamic character as
she’s not the same person when the story had started.
Now, let’s continue reading the definitions.
Kira, please read.
Thanks, Kira. Can you tell who the flat character is
among those people you had on your activity?
Good. That’s exactly what a flat character is,they can
only have one or two main traits consistently, and it’s
either good or bad.
Lily, read the last definition, please.
Now, among the characters,who do you think fits well
in the definition of a round character?
Thank you for reading the definitions, class.
Based on the activity that we had, all the words that
you used to talk about these people who make all the
stories realistic and interesting, what do you think is
our topic for today?
Exactly! And why are we talking about the characters?
Very good answer.
What do you think is the purpose of these characters in
each stories you’ve read and heard, class?
are smart and clever, Charlotte is more tolerant over
the flaws of others. On the other hand, Elizabeth is
quick to judge and form assumptions about other
people.
Yes,Ma’am.
(Kira reads the definition.)
Dynamic – dynamic characters change throughout the
story. They may learn a lesson, become bad, or
change in complex ways.
(Lily raise her hand to answer.)
The dynamic character there is Maleficent, Ma’am,
because she has changed in the story from beginning
until the end. She encounters challenges, so her
personality changes.
(Kira continue reading the definition.)
Flat – a flat character has one or two main traits,
usually only all positive or negative. They are the
opposite of a round character. The flaw or strength
has its use in the story.
Yes,Ma’am. For me, the flat character there is
Esther. She only had one main trait, a negative one,
all throughout the whole movie. She started as a
charming manipulative psychopath with no remorse
up until the end of it.
(Lily reads the definition.)
Round – these are the opposite of the flat character.
These characters have many different traits, good,
and bad, making them more interesting. This is a
character that develops throughout the story, making
his or her qualities difficult to identify completely,
right up to the end.
(Heyna raise her hand to answer.)
I would say it’s Elizabeth who fits well to be called a
round character,Ma’am. Though, she does not have a
tendency to kill or become violent. Her sharp tongue
has the tendency to make hasty judgements towards
people that often lead her astray, even with the fact
that she is brilliant, which also made her rise above
other nonsense and bad behaviours of other people
around her.
(Christine stands up to answer.)
Our topic is about the types of characters in a story,
Ma’am.

7. That’s a meaningful answer,Katherine. A round of
applause for everyone.
3. Application
Now, let’s have an activity with the same group that
you have earlier.
This is what you need to do:
Group 1, you will make a poster of the character that
you want from the short story, ‘’The Gorgon’s Head’’.
Group 2, choose one character that you like in the short
story, ‘’The Gorgon’s Head’’ and act out the opposite
of that character.
Group 3, Add one more character that you would like
to be a part of the short story, “The Gorgon’s Head.’’
Group 4, make a continuation of the short story, ‘’The
Gorgon’s Head’’ as how you would like the story to
turn out and act it out in the class.
Is everything clear, class?
Now, go back to your group mates and start working
with them.
You will be given 15 minutes to finish your task.
15 minutes starts now.
We are talking about the characters because character
is one of the elements of a short story and characters
are what make stories. Without a character,there is
no story to tell, only a lot of scenery.
(Katherine stands up to answer.)
Their purpose is to show in literature, television
series, and movies the huge impact they have on us.
Some people like to live their lives through these
characters,who appears to have more exciting lives.
Also, these characters may seem so realand
inspirational, that people forget they are fictional.
Yet, beyond knowing and forgetting whether they
really exist, they continue to make us reflect about
what we want and who we want to be as humans.
Yes,Ma’am.
(Students start doing their activity.)
IV. Evaluation
Identify the types of character described in the sentences below.
1. A character who enhances the qualities of another character through contrast.
2. This is a character that develops throughout the story, making his or her qualities difficult to
identify completely, right up to the end.
3. A character who is not described fully, and is often given only one or two traits or characteristics.
4. A character in a work of fiction whose personality changes through the course of the story due to
a change in the situation or the plot.
5. The events in the story do not alter his or her outlook on life, personality, motivation, perception,
or habits.
V. Assignment
Read a fable or parable, whichever you like between the two, and draw the character’s appearance,then
describe the personality of this character in a paragraph.