this slide might be useful for your physics report

1. ENERGY CRISIS –
CLIMATE CHANGE
Prepared by :
Nur Aina Farahana
Sumayyah Adnan
Yusrina Fatini
Amira Yusof
Asmiza Ashri
Wan Nur Shahirah

2. Climate Change
• Is a change of distribution of weather patterns
over a long time after been observed by the
scientists all over the world .
• Climate change is due to enhancement of the
Earth's natural greenhouse effect, which is
caused by emissions of carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases that trap heat in the
atmosphere.

3. What is dangerous climate change?
increases to
between 2 and
3°C450 to 550 parts
per million (p
pm) of carbon
dioxide (CO2)
gives us a 50:50
chance of limiting
global
temperature

4. • critical thresholds and key vulnerabilities of
the climate system
• impacts on human and natural systems

6. Human’s activities
• Open burning
• Emmision of fossil fuel
• Emission of gas from vehicles
• CFC gas

7. Problem Formulations
• Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
• Change the use of fossil fuels use by
transportations into plug-in hybrid
• adopting less carbon-intensive fuels and
renewable energy
• enhancing carbon sinks

8. Carbon Capture

9. Plug-in Hybrid

10. Power Plant

11. What We Need to Know
• Strong nation against the main polluter
• SOLUTION :
• To adopt a strong policies for the main
polluter through worldwide such as IPCC
• To develop new good incentives find more
renewable energy

12. What is the best source of scientific
information on climate change?
• The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) was established in 1988 by the
United Nations Environment Programme and
the World Meteorological Organisation. It
assesses scientific, technical and socio-
economic information relevant to
understanding the risks of human-induced
climate change, potential impacts and options
for adaptation and mitigation.

13. IMPACT
and
EFFECTS

14. Temperature
Rainfall
Marine Environment

15. Predicted
impacts

16. • milder and wetter winters
• hotter and drier summers
• more extreme weather events
• rising sea levels.

17. Global impacts

18. • 11 of the last 12 years rank among the 12 warmest
since recordings began in 1850.
• The average temperature of the oceans has increased
to depths of at least 3000 metres since 1961. More
than 80% of the heat added to the climate system has
been absorbed by the oceans, and this has contributed
to sea level rise.
• Global average sea level rose on average 1.8mm per
year between 1961 and 2003. The total 20th century
sea level rise is an estimated 17cm.

19. • The annual average Arctic sea ice area has shrunk by 2.7%
per decade, with larger decreases in summer of up to
almost 10% per decade.
• The frequency of heavy precipitation (rainfall) has
increased over most land areas, consistent with warming
and observed increases in atmospheric water vapour.
• Since the 1970s, droughts have become more intense and
last longer, particularly in the tropics and subtropics.
• Mid-latitude westerly winds have strengthened in both
hemispheres since the 1960s.

20. What should we do ?

21. Government
• increasing energy efficiency standards
• encouraging the use of renewable energy
sources (such as wind and solar power)
• eliminating subsidies that encourage the use
of coal and oil
• protecting and restoring forests that serve as
important storehouses of carbon

22. International action
• providing precise and regularly updated
inventories of greenhouse gas emissions
• taking climate change into account in matters
such as agriculture, industry, energy, natural
resources, and coastal activities
• developing national programmes to slow
climate change

23. Kyoto Protocol
• Emissions trading
Under the Protocol, countries may buy and sell
greenhouse-gas emissions 'units' and 'credits'.
• Clean Development Mechanism
This is a system for financing emission-reduction or
emission-avoidance projects in developing nations.
• Joint Implementation
Industrialized countries are granted 'emissions reduction
units' for financing projects in other developed countries –
a system intended to increase efficiency and reduce
emissions from the 'transition economies' of central and
eastern Europe.

24. Play your part
• Replace your old fridge freezer with an energy
efficient version.
• Only boil as much water as you need. Boiling a
full kettle for just one cup of tea will generate up
to eight times more carbon dioxide emissions.
• Switch off all appliances when not in use.

25. • Use energy efficient light bulbs –they last 12
times longer than standard bulbs and cut energy
wastage by over three quarters.
•
• Turn your thermostat down just 1°C and save 10%
on your bills.
• Rethink your rubbish - reduce, reuse or recycle it,
instead of throwing it in the bin.

26. In the garden
• Grow your own vegetables!

27. Shopping
• Buy locally produced food that is seasonal and
organic, and you'll help reduce the
environmental impact of transporting food
(via air travel and shipping) from across the
globe.

28. Travel
• running a car share scheme. Whether it be
walking, cycling, using public transport or
sharing a car, the changes you make to get
from A to B will make a significant
contribution to reducing carbon dioxide
emissions.

29. Holidays
• Air transport is now thought to be one of the
fastest growing contributing factors to global
warming. Try taking holidays closer to home;
there are 100s of places of beauty and culture
to visit both in MALAYSIA and you'll make a
huge saving to your own carbon footprint.

30. The End