Chemistry of antimalarial drugs ( Pyrimethamine ) Classification of Antimalarial drugs pyrimidine class structure activity relationship synthesis of pyrimethamine indications contraindications side effects Antimalarial drugs in Bangladesh

1. Antimalarial drugs
Submitted by,
Chandon Chakma
PHA-16038
Session:2015-16
MBSTU
Submitted to,
A.H.M. Mazbah Uddin
Lecturer,
Department of Pharmacy
MBSTU

2. Chemistry of antimalarial drugs
( Pyrimethamine )
Formula: C14H19ClN4O4S
Exact Mass: 374.08200
Molecular
Weight:
374.84300
Fig: Pyrimethamine
2

3. 4- Aminoquinolines : Chloroquine
Amodiaquine
Piperaquine
Quinoline –methanol : Mefloquine
Cinachona alkaloid : Quinine
Quinidine
Biguanides : Proguanil
Cholrproguanil
Diaminopyrimidine : Pyrimethamine
8 –aminoquinoline : Primaquine
Tafenoquine
Sulfonamide and sulfone : Sulfadoxine
Dapsone
Sulfamethopyrazine
Classification of Antimalarial drugs 3

4. Antibiotics Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Clindamycin
Sesquiterpine lactones Artesunnate
Artemether
Arteerther
Arterolane
Amino alcohols Halofantrine
Lumefantrine
Naphthyridine Pyronarindine
Naphthoquinone Atovaquone
Classification of Antimalarial drugs 4

5. 5

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7. 7

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10. 10

11.  Use to kill Plasmodium organisms , the parasites that cause malaria
 The drugs have varying effectiveness on the different malaria organisms.
 Some drugs are used for prophylaxis against malaria.
 Chloroquine completely cures sensitive falciparum disease , but relapses in vivax and
ovale are not prevented.
 Extra intestinal amoebiasis.
 Rheumatoid arthritis.
Indications 11

12. Absolute Contraindications :
 History of retinopathy
 Known hypersensityvity
 Concomitant bone marrow suppressive therapy
Relative Contraindications :
 Renal failure
 Hepatic disease
 Hematologic disease
 Glucose 6-phosphato-dehydrogenase deficiency
 Neuromuscular disese
 Psoriasis
Contraindications 12

13. Mefloquine
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 abdominal pain
 Headache
 Insomnia
 vivid dreams
(Continue the course unless these side effects become unbearable)
 Dizziness
 loss of balance
 ringing in the ear
Doxycycline
 Sunburn due to sunlight sensitivity
 Nausea or diarrhoea (This is minimised by taking the medication with a
meal)
 Inflammation of the oesophagus(Avoid lying down for half an hour after
taking medication)
Side effects 13

14. Antimalarial drugs in Bangladesh
Brand Name Company Name Ingredient
G-Chloroquine Tablet Gonoshasthaya
Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Chloroquine Phosphate
250 mg
Chloroquine Tablet Essential Drugs Company Ltd Chloroquine Phosphate
250 mg
P-Chloroquine Tablet Peoples Pharma Ltd Chloroquine Phosphate
250 mg
Aloquin Syrup Alco Pharma Ltd Chloroquine Phosphate
125 mg/5 ml

15. Thank You