Kalingual App: A Mobile Application for Dialect, Culture, Tradition and Belief of Itorkaw Tribe Province of Kalinga

LINKER: The Journal of Computing and Technology
Vol. 2, No. 1, (2021), pp., 11-16
http://tjct.isujournals.ph/ 11
LINKER:TJCT
The Journal Computing and Technology
Research Article Open Access
KalingualApp: A Mobile Application for Dialect, Culture,
Tradition and Belief of Itorkaw Tribe Province of Kalinga
Miracle Cawas, Renalyn Samut and Catleen Glo M. Feliciano
College of Computing Studies Information and Communication Technology, Isabela State University, Hague,
Isabela, 3309, Philippines
catleenglo.r.madayag@isu.edu.ph
ABSTRACT
The Kalinga Municipal Tourism Office is dedicated to preserving, protecting, and promoting the province's
major spoken language. The Kalinga spoken language is progressively fading in the region; many locals,
particularly the young, are already influenced by Tagalog and English. The proponents propose to
developed an android application called "Kalingual App: Mobile Application of Dialect Culture and Belief
of Tulgao Kalinga" to help educate tourists and the younger generation about the language, culture, and
beliefs of the Kalinga people. The developed mobile application meets the functional needs of its features,
such as translator of English words into Tulgao native language. dialect dictionary, Greetings, Weather,
Places, Directions,5 Senses (touch, sight, hearing, smell, and taste), Colors, Numbers, Vegetables, Fruits,
Things, Parts of the Body, Family members, Occupation, and the application also offers to understand
linked to Kalinga Province's Belief, Culture, and Traditions. The study was assessed by barangay
officials/staff and the Kalinga Municipal Tourism Office employees in collaboration with inhabitants of the
Itorkaw Tribe. The system evaluation utilizes the ISO 9241-11:2018 Software Quality Standard to measure
the acceptability of the users in terms of context coverage and usability. Statistically, the system produces
high-quality data that is easy to utilize, meeting the needs of the users.
Keywords belief, culture, dialect, Kalinga, mobile application, tradition
Introduction
A mobile learning system can be used by a
wide range of people (Khanghah1 et al, 2015). “In
previous years, mobile learning has proven to be
beneficial in a variety of circumstances and with a
variety of target groups (Hoi,2020 ). Users gain a
better understanding and learning experience by using
the applications (Farahh et al, 2018 )
Kalinga-Apayao was a Philippine province
on the island of Luzon, located in the Cordillera
Administrative Region. On February 14, 1995, it was
divided into two provinces, Kalinga and Apayao, by
Philippine Republic Act No. 7878. This RA revised
Republic Act No. 4695, which created the provinces
of Kalinga-Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, and Mountain
Province from the preceding Mountain Province,
which was passed on June 18, 1966. (Naganag,2013).
The Ibanag and Gaddang term "Kalinga," which
means "enemy," "fighter," or "headtaker," is the source
of the province's name (Lambrech, 2021 ) Kalinga,
including its varieties of Balangao, Butbut, Limos,
Lower Tanudan, Lubuagan, Mabaka, Madukayang,
Southern Kalingan, and Upper Tanudan, is the
predominant language spoken. Gaddang, as well as
Ilocano, Tagalog, and English, are used as lingua
francas with varying levels of fluency (Baggay, 2016
).
Based on the interview conducted with the
Itorkaw tribe the tribe was not well known and some

Vol. 2, No. 1, (2021), pp., 11-16
of the dialects and doings of the other tribe were
mistakenly pointed to them. So as a solution the
Itorkaw tribe wants to promote the tribe's dialect,
culture, and belief to educate the tourist and especially
to preserved and protect its language, culture, and
belief for the younger generation of the Itorkaw tribe.
The Tabuk City Tourism Office and Kalinga
Provincial Tourism Office are dedicated to preserving,
protecting, and promoting the province's major spoken
language (Capistrano, et al, 2020). Many residents,
particularly the young, have already been influenced
by the use of Tagalog and English (Malabonga,2016).
Kalinga's culture, traditions, and beliefs are also
dwindling (Malabonga, 2015). The researcher asked
the support of the Municipal Tourism Office of Tabuk
City and the Provincial Tourism Office of Kalinga to
attain the objective of the study which is to develop an
android application to be a solution to the problem
being encountered by the tribe.
The proponents developed an android
application called "Kalingual App: A Mobile
Application for Dialect, Culture, Tradition, and Belief
of Itorkaw Tribe Province of Kalinga" to support,
protect, promote, and preserve the Itorkaw tribe
language, culture, belief, and traditions.
Learning the Itorkaw dialect which is called
“Tulgao Language” would be easier with the
application because it has features such as translating
English phrases and words into Kalinga dialect, as well
as dictionary and categorized phrases into Greetings,
Weather, Places, Directions, 5 Senses (touch, sight,
hearing, smell, and taste), Colors, Numbers,
Vegetables, Fruits, Things, and Parts of the Body
(Ogundokun et al, 2021). Aside from that, the app
offers features that promote Itorkaw tribe beliefs,
culture, and traditions. Tourists may find this app
handy for communication, as it allows them to interact
with locals and acquire access to useful information.
The system will also be able to evaluate language
translations to determine their appropriateness for
ordinary conversation; because it is an android
application, one will always be wanting to learn from
their phone rather than a computer or an actual tutor
when your phone might well be your tutor.
(Ogundokun et al, 2021).
This research objective is to test the system's
operation in terms of translation, dictionary, and
classifying words, adding words to favorites, and
providing information on Kalinga Province's beliefs,
culture, and traditions. The second objective is to
check the systems' compatibility with various Android
operating systems. The third objective is to assess user
acceptance based on Software Product Quality as
perceived by users in terms of usability and context
coverage (Bevan et al,2016).
Methods
This study employs the research development
method, which entails a thorough examination of the
design, development, and evaluation of educational
programs, processes, and products that must meet
internal quality and efficiency standards.
Developmental research is particularly relevant in the
realm of instructional technology. (Ritchie, 1994)
using descriptive statistical analysis to assess user
approval of technology evaluation.
Rapid Application Development was
employed by the researchers (RAD). A software
development process that emphasizes fast prototyping
over extensive planning. The usage of RAD to prepare
for software development is linked to the actual
creation of the application (Rouse,2016).
Figure 1. Rapid Application Development
Project Design and Software Development
To understand the concept of the application,
the researchers conducted an interview method with
the respondents. All data gathered were used in the
designing and developing of the systems interface and
its functional requirements. In developing the system,
the researchers used the different development tools,
are Sublime utilizing JavaScript, Bootstrap, Node.js,
and Cordova, as well as HTML and CSS for design.
The application was created with a straightforward
methodology and approach. (Etim,2020)
Evaluation Method
To assess end-user acceptability of the
application, researchers use the Software Quality
Standard (ISO 9241-11:2018 en) to undertake a
systematic assessment of the application context
coverage and usability. The Questionnaire is used to
assess user acceptability of the system based on the
criteria of usability and performance in the usage of
technology (Estdale & Georgiadou,2018)

Vol. 2, No. 1, (2021), pp., 11-16
To determine, evaluate, as well as provide feedback to
the system, the researchers employed a Likert scale.
(Likert, 1932) This was used to determine whether
respondents rated "Very Great Extent (VGA)", "Great
Extent (GE)", "Moderate Extent (ME)", "Little Extent
(LE)", and "Very Little Extent (VLE)"
The locale of the study
The research was conducted out at the
Kalinga Municipality. Specifically, the Cordillera
Administrative Region Municipal Tourism Office and
Barangay Nambaran, Tabuk City, Kalinga, Philippines
Sampling Method
Purposive sampling was utilized by the
researchers. This comprises identifying and selecting
individuals or groups of individuals who are educated
and experienced in a particular subject. Aside from
expertise and experience, the researcher chooses
respondents based on their availability and willingness
to engage, as well as their ability to articulate
experiences and thoughts in a clear, expressive, and
reflective manner. ( Etikan, 2016)
The population of the study
The respondents in this study were the
following: Tabuk City and Kalinga Provincial Tourism
Office staff, Barangay officials of Barangay
Nambaran, Tabuk City, Kalinga, and the Itorkaw Tribe
upper head, who is the tribe's head, as well as selected
Itorkaw tribe members who are knowledgeable in the
attainment of the application and contribute to the
content and design of the application, were the
respondents in this study.
Results
A. Design and develop Kalingual App
Figure 2. The main menu
After the user has launched the application,
the figure represents the main menu page.
Figure 3. Language Translator
The system's translation features are
presented in the diagram. The user can type in English
terms, and the application will display the translated
words together with audio pronunciation. This tool
allows the user to quickly lookup word translations
and learns how to pronounce words and phrases in the
Tulgao dialect. The language converter app simplifies
language learning and translation while also allowing
for stress-free communications (Ogundokun et al,
2021). As one of the language components, the use of
audio in pronouncing translated words plays a
significant part in language mastery
(Mutqiyyah,2016).
Figure 3.Dictionary
Figure 3 shows the application's dictionary
function. The application's presentation is organized
alphabetically using the Tulgao alphabet. A search
option has also been included to make it easier to find

Vol. 2, No. 1, (2021), pp., 11-16
SYSTEM
FEATURES
Android 6.0
(Marshmallow)
Android
7.0
(Nougat)
Android
8.0
(Oreo)
Language
Translator √ √
√
Dictionary √ √ √
Save keywords
to Favorites √ √
√
Categories of
words and
phrases √ √
√
View Belief √ √ √
View culture
and traditions √ √
√
View Kalinga
Songs √ √
√
the words. It also acts as a tourist guide and a handheld
dictionary for the Itorkaw tribe (Li, 2014). The phone
will transform into a handy pocket dictionary with
more capabilities than traditional dictionaries (Hwang
et al,2014)
Figure 6. Information of belief, culture, and tradition.
Figure 4.Adding Phrases to favorites
The diagrams show how to group the words
or phrases that users are interested in. This is beneficial
to the user since it provides quick access to the most
commonly used or needed words. (Dalton et al, 2011)
Figure 5. Word categories
Figure 5 shows word and phrase categories
such as greetings, weather, directions, the five senses,
numbers, vegetables, fruits, items, body parts, family
members, and occupation. The application's
capabilities make it easy for users to find words and
phrases because they are organized by type of usage.
The figure represents tribal beliefs in Kalinga.
This element of the application is an additional tool for
disseminating information on tribe beliefs, culture, and
traditions. This function of the application is important
for tourism offices in promoting and educating tourists
about Kalinga beliefs, culture, and customs (Chao,
2014).
B. Compatibility Test
Table 1. Compatibility Testing Results
The table below shows the research's
compatibility testing results. The criteria were all
of the system's processes and activities. Marked
activities indicate that the OS is capable of doing
the functions (Naith, 2018). The results
demonstrated that any of the three operating
systems can perform all of the software's activities

Vol. 2, No. 1, (2021), pp., 11-16
and processes. It simply means that tourists and
residents, as well as Kalinga citizens, can use any
of the three to access the system.
C. Users Evaluation Results in Acceptability
Evaluation
Result
Official
/Staff
Quantitative Rating
Context Coverage 4.50 Very Great Extent
Usability 4.30 Very Great Extent
Grand Mean 4.40 Very Great Extent
Table 1. Users Evaluation Results in Acceptability
The usability mean value for official/staff and
residents was 4.50, while the Context coverage mean
value was 4.30. Usability and Information Quality
have a total grand mean of 4.40 and a quantitative
evaluation of "Very Great Extent" correspondingly. It
statistically signifies that the application worked as
intended and met the user's requirements.
Conclusion and Future Works
Based on the development, testing, and
implementations conducted, the researchers concluded
the following:
1. With the increasing use of technology many people
whether children or adults now own a mobile phone.
Thus the system achieves its purpose of providing a
mobile application for the Kalinga dialect, culture,
tradition, and belief. The application would be an extra
tool for the Kalinga Provincial and Municipal Tourism
of Tabuk City Office in preserving, protecting, and
promoting the Itorkaw Tribe culture, beliefs,
traditions, and natively spoken language.
2. Based on the results of the compatibility testing, it
was determined that all three operating systems tested,
Marshmallow, Nougat, and Oreo are functionally
compatible. It means that users can operate the system
using any of the three options.
3. The interpretation of the developed application's
acceptability in terms of context coverage and
usability. The outcome indicates that the designed
system has passed the acceptance test. Based on the
current researchers, the application should be used to
educate tourists and the younger generation of Kalinga
people in terms of language, belief, culture, and
customs.
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