This presentation was delivered at the third Asia-Pacific Forestry Week 2016, in Clark Freeport Zone, Philippines. The five sub-thematic streams at APFW 2016 included: Pathways to prosperity: Future trade and markets Tackling climate change: challenges and opportunities Serving society: forestry and people New institutions, new governance Our green future: green investment and growing our natural assets

1. Improving Good Forest Governance
through Strengthening CSO movement
Lili Hasanuddin
Asia Pacific Forestry Week (APFW) 2016 - Philipines
February 22-25, 2016

2. Land area: 192.47 Mha
Forest area: 137 Mha
Deforestation rate 2009-2013: 1.13 Mha/year
(FWI, 2013)

3. Drivers of deforestation
 Technical perspectives, include: over exploitation,
ilegal logging, forest fires, etc
 Land use perspectives: forest land for mining,
plantation, agriculture, infrastructure, etc
 Governance perspectives, include: lack of
transparancy, lack of genuine participation, lack of
public accountability and weak of law enforcement.
 Political and economic interests of elits

4. Approaches
 Political Economy Analysis: identify “champion” and political actors
 Strengthen CSOs to reform policies to promote: joint monitoring,
logging/mining/oil palm moratorium, permit policies and budgeting.
 Engage with government agencies at national and sub-national level
 Engage with Commission of Corruption Eradication (KPK) and other
law enforcement agencies
 Utilized Freedom of Information (FoI)

5. What has been done...
 Measuring Land and Forest Governance Index (LFGI) to systematically review
and measure the quality of governance including transparency, participation,
accountability, coordination across issues such as spatial planning, and
implementation of land use related to government services.
 The documents reviewed, include spatial plans, lists of permits already issued for
land-based industries, forest cover data, compliance monitoring reports for land
permit holders, AMDAL documents, land rehabilitation plans, and district budget
information.
 The initial LFGI measurement result is used as a baseline data to develop advocacy
strategy and followed by series of activities conducted by CSO partners

6. Measuring LFGI
15.4
19.7
28
21.2
18.7
20.9 21.5
27.6
26.3
22.7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Transparency Participation Coordination Accountability Average
2012 - 2014 LFGI Index
2012 2014

7. Measuring LFGI at sub-national level
20.7
21.4
50.8
33.4
5.6
16.1
16.4
10.6
19.6
23.4
14.2
18.2
13.1
15.5
8.2
12.2
39.9
38.3
38.1
32.0
24.4
24.1
23.9
22.5
21.1
20.5
18.7
18.6
12.6
12.1
8.8
8.4
18.7
22.7
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
KubuRaya
Malinau
KutaiKartanegara
KapuasHulu
KayongUtara
MuaraEnim
Ketapang
OKI
Paser
Sintang
Banyuasin
MusiBanyuasin
Bulungan
MusiRawas
Berau
Melawi
2012 2014 Rerata 2012 Rerata 2014

8. Monitoring forest and land use violations
Support
Social
Accounta
-bility
Promote
Joint
Activities
(CSO-
Gov’t)
Engage
Law
Enforce-
ment
Agencies
Legal
Advocacy
• Corruption and
violation
investigation
• Using UAV
• Information
grievances
• Etc
• Corruption
Eradication
Commission
• Police
• Judce - Green
Bench
(environmental
certification)
• MoEF
• Joint field
monitoring
• Joint permit
compliance
review
• Joint
investigation
• Etc
• Crimial law (forest crime,
corruption, money
laundering)
• Civil Law (Citizen Law Suit,
Class Action, NGO
standing)
• Administrative law (judicial
review)

9. Monitoring forest and land use
violations – Advocacy Results
• 12 cases reported to the KPK
• 13 cases reported to other law enforcement agencies.
• 7 sites prevented from deforestation
• 437 permits for mining were reviewed and canceled
or will not be extended
• 23 applications for community based forest
management submitted to local governments.

10. Securing forest
Law enforcement:
• 1,071 ha of forest zone saved from ilegal oil palm plantation
• 350,000 ha of forest areas saved from illegal mining practices
• 850 ha of high conservation value forest within three palm oil concession
Support social forestry/customary forest:
 7,305 ha of forest protected through two village forest regulations in Jasa and Rasau
villages, Sintang.
 2,835 ha of peatland, mangroves and forest in Kubu Raya
 70,350 ha of village forests in Padang Tikar village, Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan
 21,099 ha of primary mangroves and peatlands protected in Kubu Raya.

11. Challenges
 After national parliament pass Law No. 23/2014 on Regional Goverment,
Goverments at sub-natioanl level get confused since derivative regulations have not
been released yet by central government
 Uncertainty over whether the newly elected governors and district heads have the
same willingness to engage with civil society actors and to institute governance
reforms as their incumbents.
 In January 2016 the new appointed KPK Commissioners were inaugurated by
President Widodo. The commissoners are new to their roles and come from a variety
of backgrounds, including the police, lawyers, judges, civil servants, and CSO
activists. Need to explore their concern to promote governance reforms in forestry,
mining and the oil palm sector.