Presentation 1307

1. Kingdom Animalia
BIOL 1307
Ebeling

2. Learning Objectives
• Describe the characteristics common to all animals.
• Employ the criteria biologists use to classify
animals.

3. 4. Blastula

5. Biologists classify animals based on shared ancestry
• Morphology
• Body symmetry
• Germ layers
• Physiology
• embryonic development
• Blastula
• Gastrula
• DNA

6. Traditional Categorization of Animals
1. Specialized tissues
2. Body symmetry and germ Layers
3. Development of gut
4. Method of growth

7. Deuterostomes
Bilateria
Eumetazoa
Ecdysozoa
Protostomes
Radiata
Parazoa
Lophotrochozoa
Ancestral
protist Multicellularity
True
tissues
Bilateral
symmetry,
three germ
layers
Mouth arises
from second
opening in
embryo
No tissues
Radial symmetry,
two germ layers
Mouth arises
from first
opening in
embryo Characteristic
larvae and DNA
sequences
Periodic
molting
Chordates
Echinoderms
Arthropods
Roundworms
Annelids
Mollusks
Flatworms
Cnidarians
Sponges
DOMAIN
BACTERIA
DOMAIN
ARCHAEA
DOMAIN EUKARYA
Animals
Fungi
Plants
Protista
DOMAIN EUKARYA
Kingdom Animalia
Prokaryotes
Figure 21.2

8. 1. Specialized Tissues

9. True tissues or not: Eumetazoa and Parazoa
Tissue:
Section 21.1 Fig. 21.2

10. 2. Body Symmetry
• Among animals with specialized tissues

11. Symmetry: bilateral or radial
Section 21.1 Fig. 21.2 & 21.3
Radial symmetry:
Bilateral symmetry:

12. Germ layers: two or three
Section 21.1 Fig. 21.2 & 21.45
All animal tissues develop from different
layers of embryos.
Some embryos form tissues from two layers.
Others form tissues from three layers.
blastula Embryo with
2 germ layers
Embryo with
3 germ layers

13. 3. Gut development
Among bilaterally symmetrical animals
• Protostome
• Deuterostome

14. 4. Method of growth
Among bilaterally symmetrical protostomes
• Molt (ecdysis)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ExEhrpi8iz4
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E5hyyeGrDic
• Continuously add to “skeletal” elements

16. It was easy when you only included ¼ of known groups.
Currently recognize 34 animal phyla.

18. Formation of Germ Layers

19. Embryonic Development

20. Body Cavity
morphology in
Bilateria
Coelom =