3. Challenges in Technology Transfer
• Capital investment required to bring product to the market unclear.
• Many technologies are manufacturing process related, and it is
challenging to estimate the savings involved.
• Cost of human resources required is often unknown, so is their
availability.
• Difficulty in assessing the regulatory pathway of the product to the
marketplace.
• Number of potential applications – mostly unknown.
• Barriers to market entry – mostly unknown.
• Difficulty in making assumptions regarding external
• Difficulties in assessing cost or what market might bear.
• Buyers don't know what they are willing to pay.
• Dynamics of the market place is unknown.
• Difficulty assessing cost of goods.
• Difficulty assessing margins, or savings.
• competitive landscape – mostly unknown.
• Factor affecting commercialization.
• Financial forecast – mostly unknown.
• Impact in the market place – mostly unknown
• Most innovations are at a concept level of development.
• Nature and extent of problems remaining to be solved – mostly unknown.
• Period required to develop the IP and hence the remaining life of the patents to be developed – unclear.
• Number of potential applications – mostly unknown.
• IP environment is unclear. Unclear whether it will be possible to obtain adequate IP protection.
IPTechnologyBusiness
4. Technology Readiness Levels
Basic Principals observed and reportedLevel 1
Technology concept and / or application formulatedLevel 2
Analytical and experimental critical function and / or characteristic proof of conceptLevel 3
Component validation in laboratory environmentLevel 4
Component validation in relevant environmentLevel 5
System / Subsystem model or prototype demonstration in a relevant environmentLevel 6
System prototype demonstration in an operational environmentLevel 7
7. Number of licenses/options generating running royalties versus number
of licenses/options generating >$1 million in annual licensing income.
Source: The value of royalty; Michael A Reslinski & Bernhard S Wu; Nature Biotechnology 34, 685–690 (2016) doi:10.1038/nbt.3624; Published online 12 July 2016
http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v34/n7/full/nbt.3624.html
8. Licensing Income and Other Data on University Technology
Transfer, 2017
Israeli Startup Ecosystem Periodic Table by CB Insights https://www.cbinsights.com/blog/periodic-table-israel/
Name of Institution
LicensingFTE
Research
Expenditures
($M)
Licensesand
OptionsExecuted
Startups
Invention
Disclosures
PatentsIssued
NewPatent
Applications
LicenseIncome
Received($M)
Licenseincome
(M)Peremployee
Princeton University 3.00 194.2 16 4 117 31 157 142.2 47.41
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
7.00 589.3 49 3 111 20 66 201.9 28.84
New York University 8.00 479.1 56 13 174 86 115 209.1 26.14
Wistar Inst. 3.00 58.9 28 1 33 3 11 49.3 16.42
Columbia University 14.00 729.0 120 27 323 115 212 195.2 13.94
Research Corporation Technologies 6.00 0.0 3 NA NA 3 3 51.7 8.61
Rockefeller University 3.50 150.0 23 1 49 26 13 29.9 8.54
University of Michigan 11.00 1,299.2 164 19 422 159 183 78.8 7.16
H Lee Moffitt Cancer Ctr & Res Inst. 2.00 133.1 19 2 37 13 39 13.9 6.95
Northwestern University 10.00 507.3 41 12 214 82 139 62.3 6.23
University of Utah 9.96 417.2 91 16 167 80 70 60.0 6.03
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Res. Ctr. 3.00 337.9 11 3 38 8 28 18.1 6.02
Mount Sinai School of Medicine 10.00 420.7 61 7 117 17 40 57.9 5.79
Ohio University 2.00 61.1 1 0 21 8 43 10.6 5.30
The General Hospital dba Mass. General Hos
16.00 800.9 75 NA 318 80 675 79.7 4.98
Stanford University 22.00 946.4 112 28 483 232 286 95.1 4.32
Washington University of St. Louis 7.00 612.6 74 4 157 33 85 29.7 4.25