Bsc and Gnm Nursing Syllabus

1. WORM INFESTATION
• Constitute an important health problem, especially in children.
• Not generally noticed but can sometimes lead to significant problems
which affects many organ system.

2. COMMON TYPES OF WORMS INFESTING CHILDREN
Round worms (Ascaris):
• Round, white/ pink, 10-20 inches long

3. Thread worms (Enterobius):
• White, small and thin, just like fine threads.
COMMON TYPES OF WORMS INFESTING CHILDREN

4. Hook worms (Ankylostomes):
• Tiny, dark pink colored, not visible in stools
COMMON TYPES OF WORMS INFESTING CHILDREN

5. • Tape worms (Taniea saginata / solium):
• Flat and about 2 -3 meters long.
COMMON TYPES OF WORMS INFESTING CHILDREN

6. DISEASE PICTURE
• ROUND WORMS (Ascariasis):
• Few round worms usually produce no ill effects in a well fed
child and are not noticed until worms are passed in stool.
• Sometimes occasional abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea
may occur.

7. • Heavy infection can lead to intestinal obstruction from
a tangle ball of round worms.
• Very heavy infection with hundreds of
worms pose a nutritional threat.
• Roundworms may migrate into the bile passage and
can lead to biliary and pancreatic disease in about 37%
of the patients.
DISEASE PICTURE

8. HOOK WORMS (Ancylostomiasis)
• Few hookworms in a well fed person cause no symptoms.
• Heavy hookworm load during childhood causes anemia.
• If untreated leads to death.

9. THREADWORMS (Enterobiasis)
• Perianal itching for long duration and history of similar
complain in family is the hall mark of threadworms.
• Does not cause any serious illness.
• Easily passed from one person to another.

10. DIAGNOSTIC EVLUATION
• History
• Physical examination
• Stool microscopy: done to find ova or larvae in the stools.
 Less than 20 ova in a standard fecal smear is a light worm load.
 Between 20 – 40 ova is a moderate load.
 More than 40 ova is a heavy load.

11. MANAGEMENT
• Drug therapy: Antihelminthic drugs
Such as…..
• Mebendazole (Available as 100mg tablet & Syrup)
• Pyrantel palmoate
• Piperazine salt
• Niclosamide