Presented by Bilal Hussain Mcrobiologist

1. Mycotoxin (citrinin)
Presented by
Bilal Hussain
Microbiologist

2. Citrinin
• Citrinin is a mycotoxin which is often found in
food. It is a secondary metabolite produced by
fungi Citrinin is a nephrotoxic mycotoxin
• Type of fungi:
• Citrinin are produced by several species of
the
genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Monascus.

3. Food reserviour:
• Cirtrinin is found in ice, apples fruit juic es,
black olive, almonds, peanuts, hazelnuts,
pistachio nuts sunflower seeds,
• Citrinin is mainly found in stored grains, but
sometimes also in fruits and other plant
products.
• high citrinin concentrations can be found in
stored grains and grain-based products.

4. Mechanism of action:
• In vitro studies have revealed the involvement
of citrinin toxicity in reduced cytokine
production, inhibition of RNA and DNA
synthesis, induction of oxidative stress,
inhibition of nitride oxide gene expression,
increase in ROS production and activation of
apoptotic cell death .

6. Complications caused by citrinin
• kidney is the main target organ of citrinin.
• Liver and kidneys damaging
• Respiratory problems
• Reproductive problems
• Birth defects
• Death