experiences of the Hungarian peacekeepers in Africa

1. HUNGARY’S CONTRIBUTION TO
AFRICAN PEACEKEEPING
OPERATIONS: LESSONS
LEARNED
07. 06. 2013. LT. COL JÁNOS BESENYŐ (PhD)

2. SHORT HISTORY
 Area before the changes in 1989
 Orientation towards the UN, possibilities
 Namibia
 Area after the changes in 1989
 Take part in UN missions: Angola, Mozambique, Liberia,
Rwanda
 Certification of Hungarian officers, NCO’s
 Changing in our alliance system (EU, NATO), reduce our
participation in UN missions, increase our role in NATO, EU
missions

3. ANGOLA
 United Nations ANGOLA Verification Mission (UNAVEM-II) -
Between June 1991 and February 1995
 Mandate:
 Compliance with peace treaty
 Cease Fire Supervision
 Supervision of Angolan police
 Election monitoring and results authentication
 Mediation between the opposing parties
 Number of participants: 42 people

4. ANGOLA
 United Nations ANGOLA Verification Mission (UNAVEM-II)
-1995 between February and June 1997
 Mandate:
 Enforcement of The Lusaka Agreement
 Cease Fire Supervision
 Assisting the construction of government administration
 Transformation of UNITA armed group to political party
 Dismantling and disarmament of the armed groups and the
civilian population - DDR programs
 Number of participants: around 20 people

5. ANGOLA
 United Nations Observer Missions in ANGOLA (MONUA)
Between June 30th 1997 and February 26th 1999
 Mandate:
 Control of the state government's reconstruction
 To support and monitor the UNITA departments merge into the new
government, the police forces, and the civilian life
 Provisions of the ceasefire agreement, monitoring, enforcement
 Weapons gathering and destruction
 Ensure the human rights of the population, development of the civil
society, support and develop the operation of a variety of non-
governmental organizations
 Support the work of humanitarian organizations to coordinate aid for
the ones needed
 Number of participants: 26 people

6. MOZAMBIQUE
 United Nations Operations in Mozambique (ONUMOZ) - December
1992 to December 1994
 Mandate:
 Enforcement, monitoring the ceasefire signed by the government
and RENAMO
 Monitoring and support the withdrawal of foreign troops
 Disarmament and weapon collection of various armed groups
 Ensure the operation of United Nations and other international
organizations
 To help rebuild the infrastructure
 Participation in the conduct of elections
 Coordination of humanitarian activities, refugees
 Number of participants: 50 people

7. LIBERIA
 The United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL) between
September 1993 and September 1997
 Mandate:
 Enforcement of Cotonou agreement
 Supervision of cease fire + ECOWAS support
 Participation of the disarmament and demobilization process
 Border police duties, elimination of smuggling
 ECOMOG support, explosive ordnance disposal activities
 Facilitate the work of the UN and other humanitarian organizations
 Arranging and conducting the elections
 Number participants: Colonel Laszlo Forgacs, military advisor

8. UGANDA-RUANDA
 The United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)
between June 1993 to September 1994
 Mandate:
 Border mission
 Observation Hutu-Tutsi armed groups
 Reducing smuggling, and arms trafficking
 Prevent hostilities
 Confidence-building activities
 Conclusion and participation of the Arusha Peace Agreement
 Number of participants: 4 people

9. WESTERN-SAHARA
 United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara
(MINURSO) from 1991 to the present day
 Mandate:
 Ceasefire monitoring, demonstration of the presence of the United
Nations,
 Registering ceasefire violations between Moroccan forces and the
Polisario Front
 Monitoring number of armed groups, dislocation and any changes
 Positioning mines, grenades and other explosives, inform the parties
of the coordinates
 Developing and maintaining good relations between the opposing
parties
 Number of participants: 6 people as a change quota - 83 people

10. CONGO
 The EU's Operation ARTEMIS between June 7 2003 to
September 12 2003
 Mandate:
 Accordance with the United Nations Security Council
Resolution 1484, and the EU BT 2003/432/CFSP no.
resolution
 Ituri province (Bunia) providing stability with a limited military
operation, secure airport
 Support of MONUC's activities
 Perform security tasks (resolving conflict of Hema-Lendu)
 Humanitarian activities, protection of refugees from Bunia
 Number of participants: 1Staff Officer (Operations Headquarters in
Paris)

11. SUDAN-DARFUR
 EU Support Operation to AMIS between June 2005 and
December 2007
 Mandate:
 Opearate and support AMIS II operation (taking into account
the African "ownership")
 Training African soldiers / specialized training
 Organization and arrangement of tactical and strategic
transport
 Logistical support, consultation - Advisory Group
 Police assistance
 Participation in humanitarian programs
 Number of participants: 2 persons

12. CONGO
 EU Security Sector Reform Mission in the Democratic Republic of
the Congo from June 2005 to November 2012
 Mandate:
 The support of Congolese government
 To promote safety and cooperation for the countries of the
African Great Lakes region
 Administrative and financial support for the military reform -
Defence Sector transformation
 Cooperation of EUPOL Congo RD Mission
 Humanitarian activities
 Number of participants: 8 staff officer (Kinshasa and Bukavu)

13. CONGO
 The EU Military Mission in Congo (EUFOR RD Congo) from July
2006 to November 2006
 Mandate:
 Accordance with the United Nations Security Council
Resolution 1671. ensure and help to organize the Congolese
elections
 Support of MONUC's activities
 The support of Congolese and Gabonese government
 Performance of safety functions
 humanitarian Activities
 Number of participants: 3 Staff Officer (Potsdam - Operations
Command)

14. CHAD
 The EU's Chad / Central African Peace Operations (EUFOR
CHAD / RCA) from March 2008 to March 2009
 Mandate:
 Guaranteeing regional security, cooperation with - the United
Nations, Chad, the Central African Republic and Sudan
government bodies
 Continue patrols activity
 Protection of the civilian population and residents of refugee
camps, ensuring the homecoming
 The delivery of humanitarian relief supplies
 Ensure the safety of international civilians
 Number of participants: 4 people (Paris)

15. SOMALI
 EU NAVFOR Atalanta/EU Naval Operation in the Somali Republic
from December 2008 -
 Mandate:
 Support for EU common defense and security policy
 The fight against pirates, securing trade routes, defense of
"civilian" ships
 Escorting WFP and other humanitarian convoys
 Support for AMISOM operations
 Oversee the fishing in Somalian rivers
 Number of participants: 3 people

16. SOMALI
 EU Training Mission Somalia from April 2010.
 Mandate:
 Participation in th implementation of the Djibouti Agreement
 Support for the Transitional Government and government
agencies
 Support Uganda - regional stability
 Facilitate the operation of AMISOM
 Somali government soldier training, preparation according to
the UN Security Council Resolution 1872.
 Number of participants: 7 people

17. LIBYA
 EUFOR LIBYA from april 2011 till 10 November 2011
 Mandate:
 contribute to the safe movement and evacuation of displaced
persons,
 support, with specific capabilities, the humanitarian agencies
in their activities.
 Planning and conduct of the operation shall be carried out in
close cooperation and complementarity with the OCHA,
which is coordinating the overall humanitarian response, the
North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, and other actors
 Number of participants: 2 people (medical)

18. MALI
 EU Training Mission MALI - Mid-October 2012 - 27 European countries,
 Headquarters in Bamako, but number of training places in the country
side.
 15 months, 12.3 million Euros, almost 500 people (providing training and
mission security staff)
 Mandate:
 Restore constitutional and democratic order in Mali through the
implementation of a credible and consensual road map which foresees
free, transparent and fair elections in 2013 and a framework for
negotiations with armed groups rejecting terrorism
 Re-establish the state’s authority throughout the country and redeploy
it effectively in a context of peace and reconciliation between
communities while respecting the rule of law and human rights
 Neutralize organized crime and terrorist threats
 Number of participants: 10 people (one main connector, 3 medic and 6

23. EUNAVFOR
Szomália, 3 persons
EUTM Somalia
Uganda, 15 persons
,
EUFOR CHAD
Csád, 4 persons
ONUMOZ
Mozambik, 51 persons
EUSEC
Kongói Demokratikus
Köztársaság,10 persons
UNAVEM-II, UNAVEM-III,
MONUA
Angola, 88 persons
EUFOR RD CONGO
Kongói Demokratikus
Köztársaság, 3 persons
MINURSO
Nyugat-Szahara,90 persons
UNOMIL
Libéria , 1 person
UNOMUR
Uganda – Ruanda, 4 persons
EU Support Operation to
AMIS
Szudán – Darfur, 2 persons
EUFOR Libya
Líbia, 2 persons
Total: 284 persons
EUFOR ARTEMIS
Kongói Demokratikus
Köztársaság,1 person
EUTM MALI
Mali,10 persons

24. LESSONS LEARNED
 experiences and the new methods gained during the
operations - change the attitude of the Hungarian Defence
Forces and on long-term flexibly transformed its training
system
 English language skills development
 Language Courses
- Arabic, French
- "intermediary" languages ​​(Swahili, Hausa, Zulu)
 Africa Knowledge / processing experience, utilization
 IT Training
 Preparation: knowledge of state, culture and habits, religion

25. QUESTIONS?
THANK YOU FOR YOUR HONORIFIC ATTENTION!