The eco system or environment ( made up of living organisms and non-living organisms such as air, water, and mineral soil) has a movement of its own, depends on the balancing cycle. This cycle should be unimpaired, the efforts to maintain the cycle is called eco-friendly.

2. Natural
1.Terrestrial (land) ecosystems
2.Aquatic/Marine (water) ecosystems
Artificial (man made)
1.A crop land, garden, aquarium, park,
kitchen, garden.

3. 1. The Producers, the green plants, convert sunlight ener
gy(solar energy) and with the help of minerals take
from the soil, build up complex organic matter (sugars).
2. The animals eat up plants and other animals as food.
So, the energy is transferred through food to animals.
3. When plants and animals die, then decomposers(like
certain bacteria and fungi) act on their dead bodies and
decompose them into simple materials like carbon
dioxide, water and minerals which go back to air, water
bodies and soil from where they were taken.

4. We know that no living organism can live in isolation.
We cannot survive without producers in nature.
All living beings depend on other living beings in the
biological community.
Not only they are dependent on one another, but
also each of them exist in a certain proportion.
This creates a complete balance in nature amongst
living organisms.
This is evident from the study of food chains which
operate between living organisms.

6. The balance between the living beings and also
with the non- living environment is called the Ecologi
cal Balance or simply a Balance in Nature.
Unfortunately, however human activities have
upset the ecological balance in nature, so it is more e
ssential that balance in nature should be established
soon because it is essential for our own existence.

8. • The eco system or environment ( made up of
living organisms and non-living organisms
such as air, water, and mineral soil) has a
movement of its own, depends on the
balancing cycle.
• This cycle should be unimpaired, the efforts to
maintain the cycle is called eco-friendly.

9. • An increasing consumer demand are
translating their concern for wider
environmental issues in to changes in their
purchasing behavior.
• The increasing green consumerism, especially
in developed countries has promoted their
govt. to bring in environmental guidelines that
will regulate the trade.

10. The two major techniques suggested for
maintaining the quality of textiles through eco-
friendly concept are
 Eco-labeling
 Eco-auditing

11. Environmental labels operate as informative and
voluntary market instruments. Eco- labelling can
accomplish several goals:
• Improving sales or image of a labeled product.
• Stimulating consumer awareness about the
environmental impact on products.
• Directing manufactures for the environmental
impact of their product.
• Improving the quality of' environment and
encouraging the sustainable

12. Country Name of Programme Year Started
Germany Blue angel 1977
Canada Environmental choice programme 1988
Japan Ecomark 1989
Nordic Countries White swan 1989
United States Green seal 1990
Sweden Good environmental choice 1990
New Zealand Environmental choice 1990
India Ecomark 1991
Austria Austrian eco-label 1991
South korea Korea Ecomark 1902
Singapore Green Table 1992
France NF-environment 1992
Netherlands Stitching milieukeur 1992
European Union European flower 1992
Coratia Environmentally friendly 1993

13. • Eco-auditing is a systematic, documented,
periodic and objective review of the facility,
operation and practices related to products to
meet the environmental requirements.
• It is the assessment of the textile unit with regard
to the conformance with norms and criteria
stipulated in respect of certain eco parameters.
• The criteria and parameter covered by Eco-tex
Consortium, Germany, one of the eco- labeling
issuing authorities is given in the ensuing section.

14. Sizing
Desizing
No carcinogenic
dyestuffs
No allergenic dyestuffs
No chlorogenic dyestuffs
No flameproof finish
No biocide finish
Perspiration fastness
Water fastness
Saliva fastness
Heavy Metals
Formaldehyde levels
pH value
 Use of pesticide
Recyclability and
disposal

15. The maximum value of some of eco-tex parameter differs
according to the requirements of the product group
concerned. The assessment covers parameter for the
following:
• Clothing : baby clothing, children's clothing,
underwear, sleep wear, shirts, blouses, stockings,
sportswear, outwear and work clothing.
• Home textiles : Bed linen, bathroom textiles,
household textiles, curtains and decorative fabrics.
• Accessories : According to the basic materials
employed.

16. Blauer Engel –
Germany (eco-label
"Blue Angel"
Organization: Umweltbundesamt
Contact:
Umweltbundesamt FG III 1.3
Postfach 33 00 22
D - 14191 Berlin
national label of Germany (1978); first national eco-label as product label in
the world; responsibility: German Federal Environment Ministry; eco-label
awarded by jury eco-label; product groups: consumer products, textiles and
apparel:
web: http://www.blauer-engel.de
Miljöval - Sweden (Falcon
Mark - label of NGO)
Swedish Society for Nature Conservation,
Good Environmental Choice
Box 7005
S – 402 31 Göteborg
web: http://www.snf.se/english.cfm
Coop Naturaline -
Switzerland
company: Coop Natureline
company-owned label; entire textile chain; additional pollution testing by
external labs and Coop quality safety
textiles made from cotton by controlled biological cultivation
web: http://www5.coop.ch/naturaline/
AENOR-Medio Ambiente -
Spain
Organization: Asociación Española de Normalización y Certificación (AENOR)
Contact: AENOR
Fernández de la Hoz, 52
E- 28010 Madrid, Spain
web: http://www.aenor.es

17. eco (Migros) - Switzerland company-owned label of Migros for health, environment
and fair trade;
products: eco-textiles, shoes and leather ware
web: www.miosphere.ch
eco-tex - Germany contact: eco-tex – Institute for Applied Ecology GmbH
Gleueler Str. 373a
D – 50935 Köln, Germany
web: http://www.eco-tex.com
Green Cotton - Danmark company: Novotex A/s Ikast, Danmark
company-owned label earned six environment safety
awards for products and production
web: http://www.green-cotton.dk
Medi Ambient - Spain (Catalonia)
(regional environmental label)
Organization: Regionale Regierung Katalonien/Spanien
Seccció de Qualificació Ecolňgica
Servei de Recerca i Informació de Technologies Netes
Direcció General de Qualitat Ambiental
Department de Medi Ambient
Av. Diagonal, 523-525
08029 Barcelona
web: http://www.upc.es/mediambient/indexeng.html
NF Environnement - France Contact:
Association Francaise de Normalisation (AFNOR)
NF-Environnement
Tour Europe, Cedex 7
F 92049 Paris La Defense
national label of France,founded by the French government
and AFNOR (French standardisation organisation) in 1991;
textile and apparel: other product groups like washing and
chemist´s articles;
web: http://www.marque-nf.com/

18. Nordischer Rat "Weißer Schwan" – Scandinavia Countries: Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark
Contact: Swedish Standards Institution Finish Standards Association
SIS Environmental Labelling SFS
P.O. Box 6455 P.O. Box 116
S – 11382 Stockholm FIN – 00241 Helsinki
Stiftelesen Miljomerking i Norge Ministry of the Environment
Kristian August Gate 5 P.O. Box 8080
Öko-Tex Standard 100 & 1000 Germany contact: Forschungsinstitut Hohenstein
Schloss Hohenstein
D 74357 Bönnigheim
Öko-Tex standard 100 describes the human ecology of a product i.e. pieces
of clothing are examined after strict requirements and limit values for pollutant
quantities, skin compatibility or pH value.
Öko-Tex standard 1000 examines production conditions according to
environmental careful criteria as, energy, waste water, packaging, transport,
conditions of work, environmental policy, protection of individuals, storekeeping
etc . web: http://www.hohenstein.de
Produkt-Label "Körperverträgliche Textilien" -
Germany (product label "body-wholesome
textiles")
Contact: Fördergemeinschaft körperverträgliche Textilien e.V., Denkendorf
Körschtalstraße 26
73770 Denkendorf
the German product label was established by an initative of
Fördergemeinschaft körperverträgliche Textilien e.V. in July 2000; the Institute
of Textile Technology and Process Engineering Denkendorf and the
Dermatological Clinic of the University Hospital of Heidelberg developed a
special test investigating the influence of textiles on human skin; this is a
product label only for textiles
web: http://www.koerpervertraegliche-textilien.de
Stichting Milieukeur - The Netherlands Contact: The Stichting Milieukeur
Eisenhowerlaan 150 PO Box 17186 NL-2502 CD The Hague
web: http://www.milieukeur.nl

19. Umweltzeichen "Bäume" -
Austria (eco-Label - "Trees" )
Contact: Umweltministerium
Sektion II Abt. 11/3
Stubenbastei 2A
A- 1010 Wien
national label of Austria, founded by the Ministry of Environment in 1991;
textiles and apparel: , other product groups like wood and paper;
web: http://www.umweltzeichen.at/
Cleaner and Greener - South
Korea
Organization: Korean Government
Contact:
Korea Environmental Labelling Association (KELA)
Paek, Young-Min, 1307 Leader’s Bldg. 1599-11
Seocho-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul, 137-070, Korea
email: ecomark@chollian.net
web: http://www.kela.or.kr/english/
Eco Mark – India Organization: Minístry of Environment and Forests
Contact: Central Pollution Control Board
Parivesh Bhawan, CBD-cum-Office Complex, East Arjun Nagar
Delhi 110032
India
Tel.: 91-11-2224812
Fax: 91-11-2511539
national label of India, founded by the Minístry of Environment and Forests in 1991. textiles and
apparel: certification of textiles is under process; homepage: English; short summary in German -
click on SEETEX-Server,
email: cpcb@alpha.nic.in
web: http://envfor.nic.in/cpcb/ecomark/ecomark.html
Eco Mark - Japan Contact: Japan Environment Association
Office - Tranomon 1 Bldg. (5F), 1 - 5 - 8
Totanomon, Minato-ku
Tokyo 105 Japan
national label of Japan; founded by the Japanese Department for Environment in 1989;
textile and apparel: unbleached clothing, towels and bedlinen, textiles from waste materials,
shopping bags from fabric, textiles from used resins, nappies from fabric;
web: http://www.eic.or.jp/jea/index-e.html
web: http://www.jeas.or.jp/ecomark/english/index.html

20. Environment 2000 -
Simbabwe (label of NGO)
Organization:
Environment 2000 Foundation
Contact: Environment 2000
P.O. Box A639
Avondale, Harare
Zimbabwe
email: e2000kb@samara.co.zw
Environmental Choice -
Australia
Contact: ANZECC Secretariat
Environment Australia
GPO Box 787
CANBERRA ACT 2601
web: http://www.ea.gov.au/index.html
Environmental Choice –
Canada
Contact: Terra Choice Environmental Services
2197 Riverside Drive, Suite 300
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 7X3
national label of Canada; founded in 1988 by an initiative of the Ministry of Environment as the second
national label of the world. "Terra Choice" is a privat organisation, who is responsible for carrying out
and administration by order of the Ministry of environment.
web: http://www.environmentalchoice.com/
web: http://www.terrachoice.ca/
Environmental Choice - New
Zealand
Organization: Environmental Choice New Zealand / Telarc NZ
Contact: International Accreditation New Zealand (IANZ)
Private Bag 28 908
Remuera Auckland 1136
Neuseeland
web: http://www.mfe.govt.nz/
web: http://www.ianz.govt.nz/ianz/index.htm

21. Global Ecolabelling Network – Canada country: ecolabelling organizations
contact: GEN Secretariat Terra Choice Environmental Services Inc.
2781 Lancaster Road, Suite 400
Ottawa, ON Canada K1B 1A7
e-mail gensecretariat@terrachoice.ca
or GEN General Affairs Office Japan Environment Association (JEA)
Cosmos Aoyama 5-53-67, Jingumae, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0001, Japan
phone +81 3 3406 5155
fax +81 3 3406 5190
email: hv6h-stu@asahi-net.or.jp
web: http://www.gen.gr.jp/
Green Label - Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region) Organization:
Green Council;
Program: Green Label
email: info@greencouncil.org
web: http://www.greencouncil.org/
Green Label – Israel Organization:
Ministry of the Environment
Program:
Green Label Program
email: motis@environment.gov.il
web: http://english.sviva.gov.il/Eng-site/About/about_frame.htm
Green Label – Singapur Organization: Government of Singapore
Contact: Secretariat c/o Waste Minimisation Department
40 scotts Road Environment Building
#20-00 Singapore 0922
Singapore
Tel.: 65-731 9434
Fax: 65-731 9749
email: secnet@singnet.com.sg
web: http://www.sec.org.sg/greenlabel_htm/greenlable_frameset.htm

22. Green Label – Thailand Organization: Thailand Business Council for Sustainable Development (TBCSD)
Institution: GREEN LABEL BOARD (GLB)
Thailand Environment Institute
210 Sukumvit 64, Bangchak Refinery Building 4
Prakanong, Bangkok 10260
Thailand
email: pongvipa@tei.or.th
web: http://www.tei.or.th/main.htm
Green Mark – Taiwan Organization: UMWELTSCHUTZBEHÖRDE (USB)
Program: GREEN MARK PROGRAMM
GCPCT/Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI)
Bldg. 9 #195, Section 4, Chung Hsing Road
Chutung, Hsinchu Taiwan, R.O.C.
email: ningyu@edf.org.tw web: http://www.greenmark.itri.org.tw/
Green Seal - United States
(private environmental label)
Contact: Green Seal
1730 Rhode Island Ave, NW Suite 1050
Washington DC 20036 3101 USA
private label of the United States; founded by a private organisation in 1989; textile and apparel: no
certified product, but other product groups like wooden and paper products; homepage: English;
short summary in German - click on SEETEX-Server
email: aweissman@greenseal.org web: http://www.greenseal.org
Qualidade Ambiental - Brazil
(environmental quality)
Organization: Associacao Brasileira de Normas Tecnicas (ABNT)
email: fcabral@abnt.org.br
web: http://www.abnt.org.br

24. Condt.,

60. Parameter Value Unit
Ph 5.5-9.0 p H
Total suspended solids(TSS) 100 PPM
Bio-chemical oxygen demand(BOD) 30 PPM
Chemical oxygen demand(COD) 250 PPM
Total residual chlorine 1 PPM
Oil and grease 10 PPM
Total chromium as Cr 2 PPM
Total sulphide as S 2 PPM
Total Phenolic compounds as C₆H₅OH 1 PPM
Total dissolved solids(TDS) 2100 PPM

61. Summing up..,

62. Thank you