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2. HISTORY
The Healthy People initiative was started in 1979 in the United
States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) by
Dr. Julius Richmond, who was the Surgeon General and
Assistant Secretary for Health.

3. HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020
Healthy People 2020 is the federal government's
prevention agenda for building a healthier nation. It is a
statement of national health objectives designed to
identify the most significant preventable threats to health
and to establish national goals to reduce these threats

4. HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020 GOALS
Healthy People 2020 has following overriding goals
• Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability,
injury, and premature death;
• Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all
groups;
• Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all;
and
• Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across
all life stages.

5. Quality of Life
Global assessments, in which a person rates his or her health
as “poor,” “fair,” “good,” “very good,” or “excellent,” can be
reliable indicators of one’s perceived health.
Healthy days is another measure of health-related quality of life
that estimates the number of days of poor or impaired physical
and mental health in the past 30 days.

6. Eliminate Health Disparities

7. Gender
Some differences in health between men and women are the
result of biological differences, others are more complicated
and require greater attention and scientific exploration. Some
health differences are obviously gender specific, such as
cervical and prostate cancers.

8. Race and Ethnicity
Heart disease death rates are more than 40 percent higher for
African Americans than for whites. The death rate for all
cancers is 30 percent higher for African Americans than for
whites; for prostate cancer, it is more than double that for
whites

9. Income and Education
Disparities in income and education levels are associated with
differences in the occurrence of illness and death, including
heart disease, diabetes, obesity, elevated blood lead level,
and low birth weight. Higher incomes permit increased access
to medical care, enable people to afford better housing and
live in safer neighborhoods, and increase the opportunity to
engage in health-promoting behaviors.

10. Disability
People with disabilities are identified as persons having an
activity limitation, who use assistance, or who perceive
themselves as having a disability.

11. Disability
Although rates of disability are relatively stable or falling slightly
for people aged 45 years and older, rates are on the rise among
the younger population. People with disabilities tend to report
more anxiety, pain, sleeplessness, and days of depression and
fewer days of vitality than do people without activity limitations.
People with disabilities also have other disparities, including
lower rates of physical activity and higher rates of obesity. Many
people with disabilities lack access to health services and
medical care.

12. Geographic Location
People living in rural areas are less likely to use preventive
screening services, exercise regularly, or wear safety belts. In
1996, 20 percent of the rural population was uninsured
compared with 16 percent of the urban population. Timely
access to emergency services and the availability of specialty
care are other issues for this population group..

13. DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
The health of individuals and communities also depends
greatly on access to quality health care. Expanding access to
quality health care is important to eliminate health disparities
and to increase the quality and years of healthy life for all
people living in the United States. Health care in the broadest
sense not only includes services received through health care
providers but also health information and services received
through other venues in the community.

14. IMMUNIZATION
Vaccines are among the greatest public health achievements
of the 20th century. Immunizations can prevent disability and
death from infectious diseases for individuals and can help
control the spread of infections within communities.

15. HEALTH EDUCATION RESOURCES
Health care providers must provide
education that identifies risk factors for poor
health in target populations and discuss
effective strategies that can positively affect
the well-being of both that individual and the
community.

16. FOLLOWING TOPICS TARGET COMMON HEALTH
CONCERNS
• PARENTS OF YOUNG CHILDREN
 GOOD NUTRITIOIN
 FITNESS ACTIVITIES
 PROTECTION FROM PREVENTABLE INJURIES
 EFFECTIVE DISCIPLINE
 PROTECTION AGAINST CHILDHOOD ILLNESS
 PROTECTION IN CHILDHOOD SPORTS ACTIVITIES
 PROPER NUTRITION FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
 REDUCING CHILDHOOD OBESITY
 SAFETY WHEN SWIMMING

17. • CHILDREN AGE 8 TO 12 YEARS
 GOOD NUTRITION
 FITNESS ACTIVITIES
 SAFETY ISSUES
 PLAYING IT SAFE
 PROPER NUTRITION FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
 GETTING IN SHAPE( MANAGING CHILDHOOD OBESITY)
 SAFETY WHEN SWIMMING
 ERGONOMICS

18. • ADOLESCENTS
 GOOD NUTRITION
 FITNESS ACTIVITIES
 PRINICIPLE OF FITNESS TRAINING
 SAFETY ISSUES FOR ATHLETES
 PROTECTION AGAINST INFECTIONS
 PROPER NUTRITION FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
 SCREENING FOR FITNESS
 RED FLAGS FOR DEPRESSION
 PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF OBESITY
 PREGNANCY
 SCREENING FOR POOR POSTURE
 ERGONOMICS

19. • OLDER ADULTS
 REDUCING THE RISK OF FALLS
 GOOD NUTRITION
 PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
 HOW TO MAINTAIN HEALTHY BONES
 ERGONOMICS FOR THE HOME
 SCREENING FOR STRESS
 STRESS MANAGEMENT
 MEDICATIONS

20. PHYSICAL THERAPIST ROLE FOR A
HEALTHY COMMUNITY
Physical therapists (PTs) are health care professionals
who diagnose and treat individuals of all ages, from new-
borns to the very oldest, who have medical problems or
other health-related conditions that limit their abilities to
move and perform functional activities in their daily lives.
Physical therapists provide care for people in a variety of
settings, including hospitals, private practices, outpatient
clinics, home health agencies, schools, sports and fitness
facilities, work settings, and nursing homes. State license
is required in each state in which a physical therapist
practices.

21. ROLES OF PHYSICAL THERAPIST
• Diagnose and manage movement dysfunction and enhance physical and functional
abilities.
• Restore, maintain, and promote not only optimal physical function but optimal wellness
and fitness and optimal quality of life as it relates to movement and health.
• Prevent the onset, symptoms, and progression of impairments, functional limitations,
and disabilities that may result from diseases, disorders, conditions, or injuries.
As clinicians, physical therapists engage in an examination process that includes:
• taking the patient/client history,
• conducting a systems review, and performing tests and measures to identify potential
and existing problems.
• provide interventions (the interactions and procedures used in managing and instructing
patients/clients),
• conduct re-examinations,
• modify interventions as necessary to achieve anticipated goals and expected outcomes,
and develop and implement discharge plans.