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Meaning of methodology.ppt
- 1. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 4: The Meanings of Methodology MAN-10 Research Methods Instructor Erlan Bakiev, Ph.D.
- 2. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Philosophical Foundations • Ontology • Epistemology
- 3. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Methodology • A system of broad principles or rules from which specific methods or procedures may be derived to interpret or solve different problems within the scope of a particular discipline. Unlike an algorithm, a methodology is not a formula but a set of practices.
- 4. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Three Approaches • Paradigm (similar to a methodology in that it is also a constructive framework( • Positivist social science • Interpretive social science • Critical social science
- 5. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 10 Questions
- 6. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 1) What is the purpose of social scientific research? – Causal laws 2) What is the fundamental nature of social reality? – Predict behavior 3) What is the basic nature of human beings? – Mechanical model of man Positivist Social Science
- 7. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Positivist Social Science 4) What is the view on human agency? – Determinism 5) What is the relationship between science and common sense? – Separate ways of knowing – scientific jargon 6) What constitutes an explanation or theory of social reality? – Nomothetic – Covering law model
- 8. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 7) How does one determine whether an explanation is true or false? – Replication and not logical contradictions 8) What does good evidence look like? – Intersubjectivity - Set out to disprove science 9) What is the use of science? – Instrumental orientation – Technocratic perspective 10) Where do sociopolitical values enter science? – Value free and objective Positivist Social Science
- 9. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. • Family dynamics • College entrance • Federal interest rates • Armed robbery • College romance • Primary elections • Grocery store produce • Corporate welfare How would PSS approach the following sociological concepts? Positivist Social Science
- 10. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 1) What is the purpose of social scientific research? – Meaningful social action 2) What is the fundamental nature of social reality? – Constructionist orientation 3) What is the basic nature of human beings? – Creating flexible systems of meanings Interpretive Social Science
- 11. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Interpretive Social Science 4) What is the view on human agency? – Voluntarism 5) What is the relationship between science and common sense? − Natural attitude 6) What constitutes an explanation or theory of social reality? – Idiographic – Typification
- 12. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 7) How does one determine whether an explanation is true or false? – Postulate of adequacy 8) What does good evidence look like? – Bracketing 9) What is the use of science? – Practical orientation – Transcendent perspective 10) Where do sociopolitical values enter science? – Relativism Interpretive Social Science
- 13. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. • Family dynamics • College entrance • Federal interest rates • Armed robbery • College romance • Primary elections • Grocery store produce • Corporate welfare How would ISS approach the following sociological concepts? Interpretive Social Science
- 14. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 1) What is the purpose of social scientific research? – Transform social conditions 2) What is the fundamental nature of social reality? – Dialectic 3) What is the basic nature of human beings? – Creative but reification Critical Social Science
- 15. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Critical Social Science 4) What is the view on human agency? – Bounded autonomy 5) What is the relationship between science and common sense? – False-conciousness 6) What constitutes an explanation or theory of social reality? – Abduction – Explanatory critique
- 16. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 7) How does one determine whether an explanation is true or false? – Praxis 8) What does good evidence look like? – Facts are not value free 9) What is the use of science? – Reflexive-dialectic orientation – Transformative perspective 10) Where do sociopolitical values enter science? – Activist orientation Critical Social Science
- 17. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. • Family dynamics • College entrance • Federal interest rates • Armed robbery • College romance • Primary elections • Grocery store produce • Corporate welfare How would CSS approach the following sociological concepts? Critical Social Science
- 18. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Feminist and Postmodern Research Feminist Research Postmodern Research
- 19. Copyright ©2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Common Features of All Approaches • Empirical • Systematic • Theoretical • Public • Self-reflective • Open-ended process