A presentation of the topic - "Nano-chemistry". This presentation is useful for all engineering students. I have done this presentation as for a chemistry project. This presentation can also be used for presenting at any college for any contest. *If uploading in any other website, please provide the credits.*

1. Nano -
Chemistry
ASWIN RAJ
B.E CSE
22BCS009

2. Contents
1 2 3 4 5
Introduction Size-Depended
Properties
Properties of
Nano-Materials
Properties List Quotes
2 NANOCHEMISTRY 2023

3. Introduction
What is Nano-chemistry?
Nano-chemistry is the study of chemistry at the
nano-scale. Nano means a billionth(1*10^-9 m). The
study and control of phenomena and materials at
length scales below 100nm. Diameter of a single
atom can vary from 0.1 to 0.5nm.
3

4. Size Dependent Properties
of Nano-Chemistry
All the properties like hardness,
strength, ductility, melting point and
density, and so on change for
nanomaterials. The material
behaviors vary so significantly by a
mere reduction in grain size.
Nanomaterials are composed of
grains and grain boundaries.
Nanometer-sized grains contains
only a few thousands of atoms
within each grain.
A large number of atoms reside at
the grain boundaries. As the grain
size decreases, there is a
significant increase in the volume
The properties of the
materials are bound to
be governed a large
extent by defect
configurations. Hence
the to mechanical and
chemical properties of
nanomaterials are
significantly altered
due to defect
dynamics.
The elastic property of nanomaterials are
different from that of bulk alloys due to the
presence of increased fraction of defects.

5. Property
Hardness • 5 Times Increase
5 NANOCHEMISTRY 2023
Change in Property in
Comparison to Bulk
Strength
Electrolytic Properties
Wear Resistance
Electrical Properties
• 3 – 1 0 Times Increase
• 170 Times Increase
• Resistivity Increased By 3
Times
• Improved Electrolytic Activities for Hydrogen(H2)
Evolution

6. Properties
of Nano-
Materials
Electrical Properties
Optical Properties
Magnetic Properties
Mechanical Properties

7. Electrical Properties
Electrical conductivity decreased with a
reduced dimension due to increased
surface scattering. However, it can be
increased, due to better ordering in
micro-structure.
Example: Polymeric Fibres
Nanocrystalline materials are used as
very good separator plates in batteries,
because they can hold more energy than
the bulk materials.
Example: Ni-metal hydride
batteries made of nanocrystalline
Ni and metal hydride, require far
less frequent recharging and last
much longer.
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8. Optical Properties
Reduction of material
dimensions has
pronounced effects on
the optical properties.
Optical properties of
nano-materials are
different from bulk forms.
The change in optical
properties is caused by
two factors:
At the nanoscale, the
behavior of electrons can
be quantized, leading to
unique optical properties
such as size-dependent
absorption and emission.
Example: The optical
absorption peak of
semiconductor nano-
particles shifts to a short
wavelength, due to an
increased band gap.
Surface plasma
resonance, which is due
to smaller size of nano-
particles than the
wavelength of incident
radiation.
Example: The colour of
metallic nano-particles
may change with their
sizes due to surface
plasma resonance.
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9. Very less amount of defects observed in nano-
materials which is responsible for increased
mechanical strength.
Nanoscale multilayers made of metallic or ceramic
materials exhibited Ultra high Hardness.
i) Mechanical properties of polymeric materials can
be increased by the addition of nano-fillers.
ii) As nano-materials are stronger, harder and more
wear resistant and corrosion resistant, they are used
in spark plugs.
Example: Nano-
crystalline carbides are
much stronger, harder
and wear resistant and
are used in micro
drills.
Mechanical Properties

10. Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Properties of
Nanomaterials are different
from that of bulk materials.
The Shape and Size of the
Nanoparticles are important
for their magnetic properties.
Ferromagnetic behaviour of
bulk materials disappear,
when the particle size is
reduced and transferred to
super-paramagnetic. This is
due to the huge surface
area.
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11. It is important to note that the properties of nanomaterials can be
dependent on many factors such as size, shape, composition,
surface chemistry and the presence of impurities. These properties
can also be influenced by the chemical environment, such as pH,
temperature, and the presence of other molecules or ions. This
makes nanomaterials useful in many chemical fields such as
catalysis, sensing and imaging.
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12. “There is plenty of
room at the bottom
– New Field of
Science”
- Richard Feynman (Intro of Nano-
chemistry)

13. Thank you
ASHWIN
ASWIN RAJ
BHARATH
ARAVINDH