The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, and nerves that connect them. It controls the body and allows communication between its parts. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, which evaluate information and make decisions. The peripheral nervous system connects external and internal stimuli to the central nervous system and allows the body to respond. It is composed of the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary functions like breathing, and the somatic nervous system, which governs voluntary actions and reflexes.

1. • Prepared By:
• Orlando A. Pistan, MAEd
• Psychology Instructor

2. The nervous system consists
of the brain, spinal cord,
sensory organs, and all of
the nerves that connect
these organs with the rest of
the body.
Together, these organs are
responsible for the control of
the body and
communication among its
parts.

3. A complex combination of
billions of neurons.
The two main divisions are
the:
1. Central Nervous system
(CNS) and
2. Peripheral Nervous
system (PNS)

4. • Includes the brain and
the spinal chord.
• Also known as the
control center where
information are
evaluated.
• It is the decision maker.

5. The spinal cord
functions primarily in
the transmission of
neural signals between
the brain and the rest of
the body.

6. • 8 cervical (C1-C8) nerves emerge
from the cervical spine; cervical
means of the neck (there are 8
cervical nerves, but only 7 cervical
vertebra)
• 12 thoracic (T1-T12) nerves
emerge from the thoracic spine;
thoracic means of the chest
• 5 lumbar (L1-L5) nerves emerge
from the lumbar spine; lumbar
means from the lower back region

7. • 5 sacral (S1-S5) nerves emerge
from the sacral bone; sacral
means of the sacrum, the bony
plate at the base of the
vertebral column
• 1 coccygeal nerve emerge from
the coccygeal bone; coccygeal
means of the coccyx, the
tailbone

8. The peripheral nervous
system (PNS) provides the
connection between internal or
external stimuli and the central
nervous system to allow the body to
respond to its environment.
The PNS is made up of different
kinds of neurons, or nerve cells,
which communicate with each other
through electric signaling.
Composed of Autonomic system and
the Somatic system.

9. Regulates involuntary actions such as
breathing and digestion.
The autonomic nervous system has
two complementary parts:
the sympathetic nervous system,
which activates the "fight-or-flight-or-
freeze" stress response, and
the parasympathetic nervous system,
which reacts with the "rest-and-
digest" response after stress.

10. Governs voluntary action and
body reflexes.
The somatic nervous system
coordinates physical action.
It is also responsible for our
reflexes, which do not require
brain input.

11. Afferent nerves, leading
sensory information toward
the central nervous system
Efferent nerves, leading
sensory information away
from the central nervous
system.

13. Thank you for paying
attention.