The document discusses the composition of blood. It states that blood is composed of 55% plasma and 45% cellular components. The cellular components consist mainly of red blood cells, with white blood cells and platelets making up the remainder. Plasma is 92% water and contains proteins, nutrients, wastes, dissolved gases and electrolytes. The three main types of plasma proteins are albumin, globulin and fibrinogen. Red blood cells function to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body. White blood cells help fight infections and disease. Platelets help the blood clot. The document also discusses various blood counts and indices used to evaluate blood composition.

1. Yar Muhammad Asjad Riaz
Bsc(Hons) Allied Health
Sciences_MLT-2008-11(KE)
V.Lecturer at College Of AHP-
Basic Science Block_GCUF
General Introduction to
Hematology
STUDY OF BLOOD

2. Composition of blood.
Little bit of functions of blood.
Plasma and its composition.
CELLULAR COMPONENTS:
RBCs: their structure, function and
count.
WBCs: their types, structure, function &
count.
Platelets: their structure, function and
count.
OBJECTIVES: COMPOSITION OF BLOOD

3. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
 5 LITRE
 55% PLASMA
 45% CELLULAR
COMPONENTS

4. Blood is slightly denser and approximately 3-4
times more viscous than water, blood consists of
cells which are suspended in a liquid.
Cellular Components
99% red blood cells, with
white blood cells and
platelets making up the remainder.
Water, of blood has amino acids, proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids, hormones, vitamins,
electrolytes, dissolved gases, and cellular
wastes.
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD

5. By volume.
Plasma is about 92% water, with plasma
proteins as the most abundant solutes.
The main plasma protein groups are
albumin
globulin
fibrinogen
The primary blood gases are
oxygen, carbon dioxide, and
nitrogen.
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD

6. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
 Centrifuged blood:
 Plasma 55%
 Buffy coat
 WBCs <1%
 Erythrocytes
 Hematocrit 45%.

7. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
 Plasma.
 90% water
 10% solutes
 Ions, e.g., Na+, Cl-, Ca++
 Nutrients, e.g., simple sugars, amino
acids, lipids
 Wastes, e.g., urea, ammonia, CO2
 Miscellaneous: O2, hormones, vitamins,
plasma proteins.

8. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
Plasma Proteins.
 Albumin
 Helps control osmotic pressure
 Helps control diffusion of water
 Globulin
 Includes antibodies
 Transport proteins (lipids, iron, copper, etc.)
 Fibrinogen
 Involved in clotting

9. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
 Serum: Blood plasma from which the
protein fibrinogen, which causes clotting
of the blood, has been removed.
 For all blood chemistry serum of blood is
preferred over plasma

10. WBC, Total.............(4000/μL -11000/μL)
RBC, Total......M(4.5 - 6.5)m/μL, F(3.85.8)m/μL.
Hemoglobin... M(13.0-18.0)g/dL F(11.6-16.5)g/dL
HCT......................... M(40 - 54)% F(38 - 47)%
MCV..................... (80 - 90)fL
MCH....................... (27 - 32)pg
MCHC..................... (33 - 38)g/dL
Platelet Count....................(150,000-400,000)/μL
COMPOSITION OF BLOOD

11. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
Red cell indices
 MCV
 MCH
 MCHC
 RDW

12. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
 MCV
 is a measure of the average red
cell volume
 HCT/RBC
 Normocytic 75-95 fl
 Macrocytic >95fl
 Microcytic <75fl

13. PERIPHERAL FILM

17. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
 MCH
 Is the average mass of Hemoglobin
per red blood cell.
 HB/RBC
 MCH:27 -31 pg
 Anemia : low MCH
 Cannot increase than normal

18. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
 MCHC
 is a measure of the concentration of
Hemoglobin in a given volume of
packed red blood cells.
 MCHC:32 to 36 g/dl
 Decreases in anemia

19. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
 RDW
 is an index of the variation in cell
volume within the red cell population
 RDW = (Standard deviation ÷ mean
cell volume) x 100