New Triple Laplace Transform for Fractional Differential Equations
1. www.ajms.in
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Some Results Regarding To New Triple Laplace Transform
*Yousef Jafarzadeh
College of Skills and Entrepreneurship, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Karaj, Iran
Corresponding Email: mat2j@yahoo.com
Received: 05-03-2023; Revised: 26-03-2023; Accepted: 22-04-2023
ABSTRACT
In this paper, the new triple Laplace transform is defined. The main results and theorems on the new
triple Laplace transform are investigated. The theory of fractional differential equations based on new
triple Laplace transform is developed in this work.
Keywords: Laplace transform; fractional calculus; fractional integral; fractional derivatives; partial
fractional derivatives.
AMS Subject Classification: 45-xx, 65-xx.
1. INTRODUCTION
Fractional calculus has attracted many researchers in the last decades. The impact of this fractional
calculus on both pure and applied branches of science and engineering has been increased. Many
researchers started to approach with the discrete versions of this fractional calculus benefiting to get
many aspects in the real life [1-3]. In [4], the authors introduced a new well-behaved simple approach of
fractional derivatives called conformable derivative, which occurs naturally and obeys the Leibniz rule
and chain rule.
In [5-6], the conformable calculus and their new properties have been analyzed for real valued
multivariable functions. In [7], conformable gradient vectors are defined, and a conformable sense
Clairautโs Theorem have been proven. In [8-10], the researchers have worked on the linear ordinary and
partial differential equations based on the conformable derivatives. Namely, two new results on
homogeneous functions involving their conformable partial derivatives are introduced, specifically,
homogeneity of the conformable partial derivatives of a homogeneous function and the conformable
version of Eulerยดs Theorem [3].
The conformable Laplace transform was initiated in [11] and studied and modified in [12]. The
conformable Laplace transform is not only useful to solve local conformable fractional dynamical
systems but also it can be employed to solve systems within nonlocal conformable fractional derivatives
that were defined and used in [10]. Finally, it is also a remarkable fact a large number of studies in the
theory and application of fractional differential equations based on this new definition of derivative,
which have been developed in a short time. We come up with the idea to study the nonlinear partial
fractional differential equations by defining a function in 3 space. Therefore, a new triple Laplace
transform is defined.
2. Some Results Regarding To New Triple Laplace Transform
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AJMS/Apr-Jun 2023/Volume 7/Issue 2
This paper is divided into the following sections: In section 2, some basic definitions are introduced. In
section 3, the main results and theorems on the new triple Laplace transform are investigated. In section
4, a conclusion of our research work is provided.
2. PRELIMINARIES
In this section, some basic definitions on conformable partial derivatives are introduced.
Definition 2.1. ([4])
For a function ,
)
,
0
(
: R
f ๏ฎ
๏ฅ the conformable derivative of order ]
1
,
0
(
๏
๏ก of ๐ at ๐ฅ>0 is defined by,
h
x
f
hx
x
f
x
f
T
h
)
(
)
(
)
(
1
0
lim
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ญ
๏ฎ
๏ก
๏ก
. (2.1)
Definition 2.2. ([5])
Given a function ,
: R
R
R
R
f ๏ฎ
๏ด
๏ด ๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
the conformable partial fractional derivatives (CPFDs) of
order๐ผ,and ๐พ of the function (๐ฅ,,) is defined as follows:
h
t
y
x
f
t
y
hx
x
f
f
h
x
)
,
,
(
)
,
,
( 1
0
lim
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ถ
๏ญ
๏ฎ
๏ก
๏ก
,
k
t
y
x
f
t
ky
y
x
f
f
k
y
)
,
,
(
)
,
,
( 1
0
lim
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ถ
๏ญ
๏ฎ
๏ข
๏ข
,
๏ฌ
๏ฌ ๏ง
๏ฌ
๏ง )
,
,
(
)
,
,
( 1
0
lim
t
y
x
f
t
t
y
x
f
f
t
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ถ
๏ญ
๏ฎ . (2.2)
Where 0<๐ผ,,โค1,๐ฅ,๐ฆ,๐ก>0.
Theorem 2.1. Let ๐ผ,๐ฝ,๐พโ(0,1],๐,๐โ๐ and๐,๐,๐โ๐ ; Then, we have the following:
1)
๐๐ผ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ
(๐๐ข(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก) + ๐๐ฃ(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก)) = ๐
๐๐ผ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ ๐ข(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก) + ๐
๐๐ผ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ ๐ฃ(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก),
2)
๐๐ผ+๐ฝ+๐พ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ๐๐ฆ๐ฝ๐๐ก๐พ
(๐ฅ๐
๐ฆ๐
๐ก๐) = ๐๐๐ ๐ฅ๐โ๐ผ
๐ฆ๐โ๐ฝ
๐ก๐โ๐พ
,
3)
๐๐ผ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ ((
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
)
๐
(
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
)
๐
) = ๐ (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
)
๐โ1
(
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
)
๐
,
๐๐พ
๐๐ก๐พ ((
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
)
๐
(
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
)
๐
(
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
)
๐
) = ๐ (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
)
๐
(
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
)
๐
(
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
)
๐โ1
,
4)
๐๐ผ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ (sin (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
)cos (
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
)) = cos (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
) cos (
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
),
5)
๐๐ฝ
๐๐ฆ๐ฝ (sin (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
)cos (
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
) cos (
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
)) = โ sin (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
) sin (
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
) cos (
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
). (3.2)
Proof: By the definition of CFPD,
3. Some Results Regarding To New Triple Laplace Transform
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AJMS/Apr-Jun 2023/Volume 7/Issue 2
๐๐ผ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ
(๐๐ข(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก) + ๐๐ฃ(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก)) = h
t
y
x
bv
t
y
hx
x
bv
t
y
x
au
t
y
hx
x
au
h
)
,
,
(
)
,
,
(
)
,
,
(
)
,
,
( 1
1
0
lim
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ญ
๏ซ ๏ญ
๏ญ
๏ฎ
๏ก
๏ก
=
๐
๐๐ผ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ ๐ข(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก) + ๐
๐๐ผ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ ๐ฃ(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก).
(4.2)
Similarity, we can prove the results 2-5.
Theorem 2.2. Let ๐ผ,๐ฝ,๐พโ(0,1] and ๐(๐ฅ,๐ฆ,๐ก) be a differentiable at a point for ๐ฅ,๐ฆ,๐ก>0. Then,
1)
f
x
x
t
y
x
f
x
t
y
x
f
x
f x
x ๏ถ
๏ฝ
๏ถ
๏ถ
๏ฝ
๏ถ
๏ถ
๏ฝ
๏ถ ๏ญ
๏ญ ๏ก
๏ก
๏ก
๏ก
๏ก 1
1 )
,
,
(
)
,
,
(
,
2)
f
y
y
t
y
x
f
y
t
y
x
f
y
f y
y ๏ถ
๏ฝ
๏ถ
๏ถ
๏ฝ
๏ถ
๏ถ
๏ฝ
๏ถ ๏ญ
๏ญ ๏ข
๏ข
๏ข
๏ข
๏ข 1
1 )
,
,
(
)
,
,
(
,
3)
f
t
t
t
y
x
f
t
t
y
x
f
t
f t
t ๏ถ
๏ฝ
๏ถ
๏ถ
๏ฝ
๏ถ
๏ถ
๏ฝ
๏ถ ๏ญ
๏ญ ๏ง
๏ง
๏ง
๏ง
๏ง 1
1 )
,
,
(
)
,
,
(
. (5.2)
Proof: By the definition of CFPD,
๐๐ผ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ
(๐(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก)) = h
t
y
x
f
t
y
hx
x
f
h
)
,
,
(
)
,
,
( 1
0
lim
๏ญ
๏ซ ๏ญ
๏ฎ
๏ก
, taking n
hx ๏ฝ
๏ญ๏ก
1
we have
.
)
,
,
(
)
,
,
(
)
,
,
(
)
,
,
(
)
,
,
( 1
0
1
1
0
lim
lim x
t
y
x
f
x
n
t
y
x
f
t
y
n
x
f
x
nx
t
y
x
f
t
y
n
x
f
f
n
n
x
๏ถ
๏ถ
๏ฝ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ญ
๏ซ
๏ฝ
๏ถ ๏ญ
๏ฎ
๏ญ
๏ญ
๏ฎ
๏ก
๏ก
๏ก
๏ก
Similarity, we can prove the results 2-5.
Definition 2.3. Let (๐ฅ, ๐ก) be a real valued piecewise continuous function of ๐ฅ,๐ก defined on the domain D
of
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ซ
๏ด
๏ด R
R
R of exponential order ๐ผ, ๐ฝ and ๐พ, respectively. Then, the new triple Laplace transform
(NTLT) of (๐ฅ,) is defined as follows:
๐ฟ๐ฅ
๐ผ
๐ฟ๐ฆ
๐ฝ
๐ฟ๐ก
๐พ
(๐ข(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก)) = ๐๐ผ,๐ฝ,๐พ(๐, ๐, ๐ ) = โซ โซ โซ ๐
โ๐(
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
)โ๐(
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
)โ๐ (
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
)
๐ข(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก)๐ฅ๐ผโ1
๐ฆ๐ฝโ1
๐ก๐พโ1
๐๐ฅ๐๐ฆ๐๐ก
โ
0
โ
0
โ
0
,
(6.2)
where๐,,โโ are Laplace variables and ๐ผ,๐ฝ,๐พโ(0,1].
The new inverse triple Laplace transform, denoted by (๐ฅ,), is defined by
๐ข(๐ฅ, ๐ฆ, ๐ก) = ๐ฟ๐
โ1
๐ฟ๐
โ1
๐ฟ๐
โ1
(๐๐ผ,๐ฝ,๐พ(๐, ๐, ๐ )) =
1
2๐๐
โซ ๐
๐(
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
)
[
1
2๐๐
โซ ๐
๐(
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
)
[
1
2๐๐
โซ ๐
๐ (
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
)
๐๐ผ,๐ฝ,๐พ(๐, ๐, ๐ )๐๐
๐พ+๐โ
๐พโ๐โ
] ๐๐
๐ฝ+๐โ
๐ฝโ๐โ
] ๐๐
๐ผ+๐โ
๐ผโ๐โ
. (7.2)
6. Some Results Regarding To New Triple Laplace Transform
75
AJMS/Apr-Jun 2023/Volume 7/Issue 2
3) ๐ฟ๐ฅ
๐ผ
๐ฟ๐ฆ
๐ฝ
๐ฟ๐ก
๐พ
(
๐๐พ
๐๐ก๐พ
(๐ข (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
,
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
,
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
))) = ๐ ๐(๐, ๐, ๐ ) โ ๐(๐, ๐, 0),
4) ๐ฟ๐ฅ
๐ผ
๐ฟ๐ฆ
๐ฝ
๐ฟ๐ก
๐พ
(
๐2๐ผ
๐๐ฅ2๐ผ (๐ข (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
,
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
,
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
))) = ๐2
๐(๐, ๐, ๐ ) โ ๐๐(0, ๐, ๐ ) โ ๐๐ฅ(0, ๐, ๐ ), (3.1)
5) ๐ฟ๐ฅ
๐ผ
๐ฟ๐ฆ
๐ฝ
๐ฟ๐ก
๐พ
(
๐3๐ผ
๐๐ฅ3๐ผ (๐ข (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
,
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
,
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
))) = ๐3
๐(๐, ๐, ๐ ) โ ๐2
๐(0, ๐, ๐ ) โ ๐๐๐ฅ(0, ๐, ๐ ) โ ๐๐ฅ๐ฅ(0, ๐, ๐ ).
Proof: Here we go for proof of result (1), and the remaining results can be proved. To obtain newtriple
Laplace transform of the fractional partial derivatives, we use integration by parts and theorem 2. By
applying the definition of NTLT, we have
๐ฟ๐ฅ
๐ผ
๐ฟ๐ฆ
๐ฝ
๐ฟ๐ก
๐พ
(
๐๐ผ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ
(๐ข (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
,
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
,
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
)))
= โซ โซ โซ ๐
โ๐(
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
)โ๐(
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
)โ๐ (
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
) ๐๐ผ
๐ข
๐๐ฅ๐ผ ๐ฅ๐ผโ1
๐ฆ๐ฝโ1
๐ก๐พโ1
๐๐ฅ๐๐ฆ๐๐ก
โ
0
โ
0
โ
0
= โซ โซ ๐
โ๐(
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
)โ๐ (
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
)
(โซ ๐
โ๐(
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
) ๐๐ผ๐ข
๐๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ฅ๐ผโ1
๐๐ฅ)๐ฆ๐ฝโ1
๐ก๐พโ1
๐๐ฆ๐๐ก
โ
0
โ
0
โ
0
(3.2)
Since we have theorem 2.2, f
x
t
y
x
f
x
x
๏ถ
๏ฝ
๏ถ
๏ถ ๏ญ๏ก
๏ก
๏ก
1
)
,
,
( . We use this result in to equation (3.2). Therefore,
we have
โซ โซ ๐
โ๐(
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
)โ๐ (
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
)
(โซ ๐โ๐(
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
) ๐๐ข
๐๐ฅ
๐๐ฅ)๐ฆ๐ฝโ1
๐ก๐พโ1
๐๐ฆ๐๐ก
โ
0
โ
0
โ
0
, (3.3)
The integral inside the bracket is given by,
โซ ๐โ๐(
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
) ๐๐ข
๐๐ฅ
๐๐ฅ = ๐๐(๐, ๐ฆ, ๐ก) โ ๐(0, ๐ฆ, ๐ก)
โ
0
.
(3.4)
By substituting equation (3.4) in equation (3.3), and simplifying, we
have
๐ฟ๐ฅ
๐ผ
๐ฟ๐ฆ
๐ฝ
๐ฟ๐ก
๐พ
(
๐๐ผ
๐๐ฅ๐ผ
(๐ข (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
,
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
,
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
))) = ๐๐(๐, ๐, ๐ ) โ ๐(0, ๐, ๐ ).
In general, the above results in theorem 4 can be extended as follows:
๐ฟ๐ฅ
๐ผ
๐ฟ๐ฆ
๐ฝ
๐ฟ๐ก
๐พ
(
๐๐
๐๐ฅ๐ (๐ข (
๐ฅ๐ผ
๐ผ
,
๐ฆ๐ฝ
๐ฝ
,
๐ก๐พ
๐พ
))) = ๐๐
๐(๐, ๐, ๐ ) โ โ ๐๐โ1โ๐
๐๐ก
(๐)
(0, ๐, ๐ )
๐โ1
๐=0 .
7. Some Results Regarding To New Triple Laplace Transform
76
AJMS/Apr-Jun 2023/Volume 7/Issue 2
4.CONCLUSION
In this work, the definition of new triple Laplace transform is
defined and investigated results and theorems. This new triple Laplace
transform can be applied to find the solution of linear and nonlinear
homogeneous and nonhomogeneous partial fractional differential
equations.
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