LAPLACE TRANSFORM

1. APPLICATION OF LAPLACE’S TRANSFORM.
by:
Ashish Baruah
Subject: Physics

2. APPLICATION OF LAPLACE’S
TRANSFORM.
1)To solve ordinary differential equation.
2) To solve partial differential equation.
3) To solve electrical circuits problems.

3. SOLVING ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION.
PROBLEM:
Y" + aY' + bY = G(t) subject to the initial conditions Y(0) = A, Y' (0) = B where a, b,
A, B are constants.
Solution:
Laplace transform of Y(t) be y(s), or, more concisely, y.
Then solve for y in terms of s.
Take the inverse transform, we obtain the desired solution Y.

4. Solving Partial Differential Equation
Problem: Solve
with the boundary conditions U(x, 0) = 3 sin 2πx, U(0, t) = 0 and U(1, t) = 0 where 0 < x < 1, t > 0.
Solution:
i)Taking Laplace transform of both sides with respect to t,
ii)Substituting in the value of U(x, 0) and rearranging, we get,
where u = u(x, s) = L[U(x, t].

5. iii)The general solution of (1) is 2)
iv)Determine the values of c1 and c2. Taking the Laplace transform of those boundary conditions that
involve t, we obtain c1 =0, c2 = 0. Thus (2) becomes
v)Inversion gives

6. Solving Electrical Circuits Problem
Problem: From the theory of electrical circuits we know,
where C is the capacitance, i = i(t) is the electric current , and v = v(t) is the
voltage. We have to find the correct expression for the complex impedance of a
capacitor.
Solution:Taking the Laplace transform of this equation, we obtain
Where

7. Solving for V(s) we have
We know,
So we find:
which is the correct expression for the complex impedance of a capacitor.

8. References
Books:
● The Laplace Transform: Theory and Applications by Joel L. Schiff
● An Introduction to Laplace Transforms and Fourier Series by Dyke, Phil
● “Continuum spectra and brightness contours“ - Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society by Salem & Seaton

9. Thank you