2. One of the most
important
objectives of
communication
is passing or
receiving
information. It
can be done
either through
spoken or
written
language.
4. ◦External information
Information about its products
Information about the availability of
credit
Information about the Government
rules and regulations
Information about the advertising
media
Information about the latest
developments in the fields of
science and technology
5. ◦Internal information
Information on job
assignments and
procedures
governing them
Information on
status and decision
making powers
General information
on the policies and
activities of the
organization
6. Due to complexity each individual
activity needs specialized handling
which cannot be expected from
people working single handed.
◦ Advice flows
horizontally
OR
downwards
7. Effective advice
is both man-oriented & work oriented
does not make the worker feel inferior
is given in the worker’s interest
promotes understanding
can become a two way channel
8. Order is an authoritative
communication. It is a
directive to
somebody, always a
subordinate, to do
something, to modify or
alter the course of
something he is already
doing, or not to do
something.
downwards
Order always flows
9. ◦ Types of order
Written and oral orders
General and specific orders
Procedural and operational
Mandatory and discretionary
orders
◦ Characteristics of an effective order
It must be clear and complete
Its execution should be possible
It should be given in a politely
10. ◦ Instruction
Instruction is a
particular type of
order in which the
subordinate is not
only ordered to do a
job but is also given
guidance on how to
do it.
All instructions are
implied orders, but
all orders cannot be
instructions.
11. Best ideas on a subject does not only come
from the supervisory staff or the directors.
The lower staff, in fact being actually in
touch with the operative aspect, is capable
of giving some positive suggestions on
procedural and operative aspects.
Flow
upwards
lateral
12. It may be defined as an effort ‘to influence
attitudes, feelings, or beliefs of others, or to
influence actions based on those
attitudes, feelings or beliefs.’
Process of persuasion
Analyzing the
situation
Preparing the
receiver
Delivering the
message
Prompting action
13. It is a very conscious process of communication. It
involves both teaching and learning. The main
purpose of education is to widen knowledge as well
as to improve skills. It can be carried out at three
levels:
Education for the management
Education for the employees
Education for outside public
Education
14. Warning is a forceful means of communication, for
it demands immediate action.
If employees do not abide by the norms of the
organization, or violate the rules or regulations, it
may become necessary to warn them.
Warnings can be general or specific
Specific warning should be administered in private
and after thorough investigation
The aim of warning should be organisation’s
betterment
Warning
15. Morale stands for mental
health. High morale and
efficient performance go
hand in hand. It acts as a
kind of lubricant among
people, binds them with a
sense of togetherness and
impels them to work in
cooperation with one
another in the best
interest of their
organization.
Raising Morale
16. A motivated employee does not need much
supervision. He does his work as if it were
his own. Motivation can be achieved
through:
Motivation
monetary incentives
making the workers participate in
the decision making process
making achievement goals very
specific
giving security and a congenial
work environment.
