1. Name:
Muhammad Asad Ali
16
Course title:
Tropical and sub-tropical fruits
Course code:
HORT-302
Presentation topic:
Production technology of Jamun
Submitted to:
Prof. Dr. Sajjad Hussain
3. It is originated from India
At present Jamun producing countries are southern Asian countries
and east Africa.
Grown Commercially these days Caribbean, South America and US.
4. Medium-sized evergreen tree
Height: 30 meters
1. Leave
Opposite, simple and oblong, with glossy dark surface
and a lighter green underside
5-10cm length and 2-4 cm wide
Margin slightly wavy
2. Flower
Small, fragrant and white or greenish white
Bloom in clusters on branches and twigs
5mm in diameter
4 or 5 petal oval in shape
5. 3.Fruit
Fleshy berry
Oblong and ovoid in shape
2-4 cm in length
Smooth, purple to blackish skin
Pink to reddish pulp
Pulp contains flattened seeds
Fruit is harvested when fully ripe
Eaten fresh or use to make jams, jellies
and beverages
6. Tree :
Hardy tree
Grow in clay loam and sandy soil
Prefer well drain soil and can tolerate drought
and high temperature
7. Jamun trees can be propagated by several methods, including seed
propagation, vegetative propagation, and air layering.
Seed propagation:
Jamun seeds can be sown directly in the ground or in pots.
The seeds should be collected from fully ripe fruits and cleaned of any pulp.
They should be soaked in water for a day or two before sowing.
The seeds will germinate within 2-3 weeks, and the seedlings can be
transplanted to their final location when they are 6-12 months old.
8.
9. Vegetative propagation:
Jamun can also be propagated by vegetative means such as stem cuttings or
grafting.
Stem cuttings are taken from mature trees and planted in soil or a rooting
medium.
The cuttings should be about 10-15 cm long and should have at least three
nodes.
The cuttings should be planted in a well-draining soil mix and kept moist
until they develop roots.
Grafting involves attaching a scion from a desired cultivar onto a rootstock of
a compatible jamun tree.
10.
11. Air layering:
Air layering is a method of propagation that involves inducing roots to form
on a stem while it is still attached to the parent plant.
This is done by wounding the stem, wrapping it in moist sphagnum moss or
a rooting medium, and covering it with plastic.
Roots will form in the moss or rooting medium, and the stem can be cut off
and planted as a new tree once the roots have formed.
12.
13. Soil:
Sensitive to water-logging
It grow best on well
drained soil and can
withstand pH 5.5 to 7.5.
Climate:
Warm and humid
20-35°C
Tolerate up to 45°C
Sensitive to frost below 10°C
14. When to apply:
During warm weather, water
guavas two to three times per month.
April-June months are the critical
period, so irrigate tree regularly.
Fully bearing trees require watering
during April to June at 2 weeks
intervals for getting good quality
fruit and to protect from fruit drop.
Irrigation during winter is more
effective to protect from fruit drop.
How much to apply:
At initial stages supply 2 liters water
daily to root zone during dry condition.
During winters apply waters at
interval of a week.
For mature trees, water requirement
increases.
15. Irrigation in guava orchard is done by many methods like;
Flood irrigation
Drip irrigation
Sprinkle irrigation
Basin irrigation
16. When to apply:
Young trees February, May and
September
Mature tree Fab-March, June-
July and September –October.
How much to apply:
NPK ratio 10:10:10 and 12:12:12
Also contain micronutrients
For young trees 100-200g per tree
per year.
Mature tree 1-2kg per tree per year.
For provide micronutrients compost
and manure is used.
17. • Effective way
• Two or more crops in same
field same time
• Legumes: cowpea and pigeon
• Spices: turmeric and ginger
• Vegetables: okra and bitter
ground
18. Site selection: Plenty of sunlight and well drained soil
Land Clearing: Clear the site of weeds, rocks and debris
Soil preparation:
Till the soil to depth at least 30cm and incorporate organic matter
Planting time:
Rainy season
June-July
Soil moisture high
Avoid planting during periods or drought or extreme heat
19. Plant to plant distance:
The plants are usually planted at a distance of 6-8 meters.
Row to row distance:
Usually a spacing of 8-10 meters is followed.
Planting method:
Dig a hole twice as wide and deep
Place the soil and make sure roots to prevent air pockets
Mulching:
Around the base of tree to retain soil moisture and suppress weed growth
20. Some commercial guava varieties are:
Krishna
Jambolan
Chhindwara
Seedless
Kalipatti
Kala Amritsari
21. Krishna:
This is a popular variety of jamun that is grown in
India.
The fruit is large, with a dark purple-black skin and
a sweet, juicy pulp.
Jambolan:
Also known as Java plum
variety of jamun is grown in Southeast Asia and
South America.
The fruit is round or oval in shape, with a shiny,
dark purple-black skin and a slightly tart flavor.
22. Seedless:
As the name suggests, this variety of jamun has no
seeds.
It is popular in India and is usually eaten fresh or
used to make jams and jellies.
23. SR.no. Countries Total Yield ( metric ton) produced
1 India 1775400
2 Bangladesh 202780
3 Indonesia 70000
4 Myanmar 53316
5 Thailand 25272
6 Nepal 14155
7 Sri Lanka 12325
8 Pakistan 10600
9 Malaysia 4869
10 Philippines 4441
25. The yield can be about 4-6 tons per acre of land.
For young tree 1-2tons per acre after establishment
26. Antioxident properties which reduce the risk of Cancer and heart diseases.
Anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties
Good Source of Vitamin, minerals including Vitamin C,A , Iron , K, Ca etc.
Low in Calories
High in dietary fiber