biochemistry bioenergetics helpfull fo pharmacy students

2. Bioenergetics deals with the study of energy change in biochemical reactions.
Transfer and utilization of energy in biochemical reaction.
It concerned with the initial and final state of energy and not the mechanism
involved.
BIOENERGETICS

3. Energy rich compounds are the compound on hydrolysis yield energy .
or
Possess sufficient free energy atleast 7 calories/mol at ph7
ENERGY RICH COMPOUNDS

4. Compounds
1.Phosphoenol
pyruvate(pep).
2.Cyclic amp.
3.1,3,bisphospho
glycerate.
4.Acetyl
phosphate.
Calories/mol
-14.8
-12.3
-12.0
-11.8
ENERGY RICH COMPOUNDS

5. Creatine phosphate
Pyrophosphate
Acetyl coa
ATP ADT +Pi
ADP AMP+Pi
Glucose 1 phosphate
Glucose 6 phosphate
Glyceral 3 phosphate
-10.3
-8.0
-7.7
-7.3
-6.6
-5.0
-3.3
-2.2
compound Calories/mol
ENERGY RICH COMPOUND

6. class examples
1.Pyrophosphate
2.Acylphosphate
3.Enol phosphate
4.Thioester
5.Phosphogens
1.ATP
2.1,3,bisphophate
3.Phosphoenol
Pyruvate
4.Acetyl coa
5.Creatine
phosphate
HIGH ENERGY COMPOUNDS

7. ATP

8. ATP is nucleotide that contains large amount of chemical energy stored in its
high energy phosphate bond
It release energy when it is broken down (hydrolysed) into ADP. The energy is
used for rarely metabolic process. Hence, ATP is cionsidered as universal
energy or currency for metabolism.
BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF
ATP

9. ATP is produced via cellular respiration in the MITOCHONDRIA and
Photosynthesis in chloroplast
Its functions are for intracellular energy transport for various metabolic
process which include biosynthesis reaction motality and cell devision
BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF
ATP

10. It also used as substrate by kinase to produce cyclic AMP
ATP occupies an intermediate part in respect of G0 at pH7
It transfer phosphate to other below low energy compound
Phosphoenol pyruvate+ADP>pyruvate+ATP
ATP+Glucose>glucose 6 phosphate +ADP
BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF
ATP

11. STRUCTURE OF CYCLIC AMP

12. Cyclic AMP is synthesized from ATP is by Adenyl cyclase located on the inner
side of plasma membrane
Cyclic AMP decomposition into AMP is categorised by the enzyme
phosphodiesterase.
CYCLIC AMP

13. Cyclic AMP is a second messenger used for intracellular signal transducion
such as transfering C AMP plays important role in regulation of cellular
metabolism
It is inactivated by conversion to AMP by an enzyme cyclic nucleotide
phasphodiesterase
It regulates the synthesis and degradation of glycogen
FUNCTIONS OF CYCLIC AMP