Automated Window System

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Automated Power Window
Automated Window System
Group Members
Mapa M.M.D.A.B.
EN15555922
Thennakoon T.M.N.D.
EN15549532
Edirisinghe E.A.G.A.
EN15564528
Vinod G.R.L.
EN15550736
Maharachchi N.T.
EN15548856
Group Number-B117
Group Name-SPARTA
Date of submission-6th May 2015

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Contents
 Abstract ……………………………………………………………………………… 03
 Executive summary………………………………………………………………………. 04
Problem statement
Assignment statement
Rhetorical purpose
Summary
 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………… 06
Background
Literature review
Block diagrams
Functional decomposition diagrams
 Design specifications…………………………………………………………………… 08
Restatement of problems
Generation and evaluation of solutions
Objectives and constraints
Requirement specifications
Selection of design criteria
 Feasibility Discussion…………………………………………………………………… 21
 Preliminary design……………………………………………………………………… 25
Conceptual design
Preliminary design
Design calculations
Performance estimates
Cost analysis
 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………….. 38

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Abstract
The techniques of manually opening and closing windows have been practiced for centuries.
This method involves some problems like rain water entering to the house etc. our endeavor is
to create an automated window system which would shut itself automatically once a rain drop
is sensed. This system should have a high efficiency because the target is to close the window at
the very beginning of a drizzle.
There are many important criteria’s to consider and one of those is durability. Usually
customers expect a long lasting product because they don’t want to run around searching for
repairing men and various equipment parts, so the life span of this product should be at least
10-15 years. To make this target possible methods should be introduced to minimize wearing
out due to friction and replacement of parts like the motor.
The product should be user friendly, attractive and cost efficient. The window system
should not have an impact on the beauty of the house and it should have a decent appearance.
When cost and prize is considered, this product should be affordable because all the windows
in the house will be fixed with the components and the producer should make sure the cost for
one item should be minimized in order to gain a profit.
In this report we discuss the design, procedure, application, raw materials used in our
automated window system for example iron Ore, its extraction, purity and properties. We also
talk about the thinking process like why we prefer the vertical window instead of the traditional
horizontal closing window and the constraints that we have to undergo to make it possible and
even we have listed all the possible metrics for the assumed contains.
Marketability is the most important factor of a product. The producer should always
target a specific group of people for example if the product cost about 20,000 this will only be
suitable for wealthy people but this will reduce the number of customers because there are less
number of rich people. For the producer to get a considerable amount of profit he/she should
decreases the production cost but not the quality because the whole business depends on
these two pillars and when the product is forwarded for mass production there will be chaos.
This report basically deals with the main areas that is being taught in the Design and
Process module and it is being aligned according to the given criteria.

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Executive summary
The problem statement:
In normal sunny days, people always leave the house window open for
air circulation or allowing sun rays. In case if we forget the house windows
opened or we leave it because we do not expect rain might be fall, rain
will fall inside the house. In many countries the amount of the rain is too
much and it might destroy the whole house, if we forget or if we leave it
open for the purposes, water damage irrespective of the source always
causes devastating and the blow is really hard especially for the people
whose houses are located rainy areas. When the water flows inside the
house, it begins the trouble time. The rain water runs through every personal
belonging which cause a financial loss. Also , water can damage furniture,
devices or other valuable things. We want to figure a device that will save
this mistake. A lot of people do not think that when rains fall a damage
will happens to their houses. But when it happen they will say in repeatedly
I wish I closed window or I wish I install some devices that can close the
window automatically.
The hardware that fits onto the window which pushes
and pulls the window open and closed instead of operating the window
manually. When the rain comes we suddenly run to closed the windows. We
think install some devices that can close window automatically. So this report
explains about all the technical methods and solutions about the automatic
window.

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Rhetorical Purpose
The purpose of the proposed project is to introduce and make awareness
among public of the advantages of using this product which plays a vital
role in present day today life.

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Introduction
This report is about designing an auto close window device which changes
the discomforts associated with the normal residential or commercial window
method for a long period of time and even now people still go towards the
window to shut down when the rain. Owing so that the efforts put into the
project is design a new invention of auto close window for business
purpose.
Problem associated with the current system (defining the problem)
There are key problems associated with the way of closing the
window automatically the customer and they are listed below with
decreasing importance.
This is an important step in designing based on these
problems; it is possible to draw the various requirements and specification
to form the foundation of the design.
(1) Difficult to close window one by one
This is the root problem. The hardware that fits onto the
window which pull the window close instead of operating the window
manually.
(2) Forget to close the window when raining
If we forget to close window water damage irrespective of the
sources always causes devastating. The rain water comes through to house it
can damage furniture, devices or other valuable things.

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(3) Difficult to reach
The commercial buildings have more windows to get sunlight. Some
are very high. Even the workers unable to close windows quickly.
There are some problems enclosed in the problem
given by the customer , which initiated this project. Subsequently, the
ultimate goal or the objective is to circumvent these problems to bring
about a comfortable for the user. Each of the matters therefore must be
resolved accordingly. The window will be designed to be sensitive rain only. The
purposes of this project to design a window that will close automatically
when it rain. We design it operate from electric device. These should not only
within the scope of the problem, but also positive financially. A detailed
description of design, categorize test procedures and results instruction of
use.
Background
In 1958, the Cadillac motor car division of general motors experimented with a
water sensitive switch that triggered various electric motors to close the convertible
top and raise the open windows of a specially built Eldorado Biarritz model, in
case of rain.

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Generation and Evaluation of Solutions
Objectives and Constraints
The following are the objectives of the proposed product and the constraints in
achieving the objectives. This is just a small list containing the required basic
objectives and constraints.
 The machine should be strong and robust.
 Should use less energy.
 Should be easy to setup and use.
 Must be able to replace in another window.
 Continuous care should be taken on the machine.
 Cleaning the machine should be cheap and easy.
 Safe working conditions.
 The product should be marketable.

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Function decomposition diagrams
The function decomposition diagram given below expresses the design behavior at
a particular situation. Accordingly the specifications can be determined for each
function.
Switch on and
open the window
Raining
Window will
close
automatically
Not raining but
want to close the
window
Press the close
limit switch and
close the window

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The following table gives the options for the subsections and sub functions of the
automated window system. These concepts were put forward after several
discussions, brain storming sessions and research.
1 2 3
Sub
functions/Subsections
Window
material
Aluminum Wood Stainless Steel
Window
glass
material
Plastic Glass
Plastic coated
glass
Motor type DC Geared Servo Stepper
Base shape Flat Round Flat Rectangular
Two bar parallel
base
Rack and
pinion
material
Iron Plastic
Energy
usage
Mechanical
energy
Electrical energy Solar power

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Design specifications
Based on the function decomposition diagram, the design specifications for the project can be
determined. As shown above, there are many ways to meet the requirements. The design
specifications should meet the objectives of the desired product, given below. Functional
decomposition diagram helps in finding multiple alternatives for the functional parts. By using
objective tress, logical reasoning as well as mathematical reasoning, the most appropriate
specifications for the final design can be determined. In order to have a clear understanding, it is
vital to have a basic picture of the full system here, showing all the functions in a simplified
manner within one frame.
User has to press and
hold the limit switch
in according to open
the window as it
necessary.
Switch on and
open the window
If there is no electrical
power at the moment,
user can open it manually
by pushing it up.
User can close it manually by
press and hold the close limit
switch if necessary.
When it’s raining
window will close
automatically.

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Generation and Evaluation of Solutions
Objectives and Constraints
The following are the objectives of the proposed product and the constraints in
achieving the objectives. This is just a small list containing the required basic
objectives and constraints.
 Should use less energy.
 Should be easy to setup and use.
 Continuous care should be taken on the machine.
 Cleaning the machine should be cheap and easy.
 Safe working conditions.
 The product should be marketable.
 Budget constraints.
 Even a child should be able to operate it.
 Simple operation, so user friendly.
 The parts made out of metal should not rust.
 Circuits should be easily replaced if there’s an error with it.

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Requirement Specifications
From the objectives given above, the list below gives what is intended out of the
product:
 The product should be marketable:
 Should be useful
 Automated system.
 All the processes are done in nicely flowing manner along with two
switches to open and close the window manually.
 Consume less energy.
 Should be user-friendly
 Easy for the user to use, requiring no need for any additional skills or
knowledge.
 Minimum functioning equipment in the system. As a whole there are
only two main parts in the machine and only two operation switches,
which even a child, can work it.
 Budget constraints
 Should be relatively inexpensive
 Maintenance costs should appropriate.
 The product should be safe and secure:
 Safe operation of automated window system

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 There should be a convenient way to clean the rack pinion and gear
pinion.
 Sensor circuits are safely covered with protective box to get rid of
damages to the circuits and also to prevent damages to the user.

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AUTOMATED
WINDOW SYSTEM
MARKETABLE
USEFUL
NO RISK IN THE
CIRCUIT
EVEN A CHILD CAN
OPERATE IT
PROCESSES IN AN
ORDERED MANNER
USER-FRIENDLY
NO SKILLS REQUIRED TO
OPERATE
MINIMUM FUNCTIONING
EQUIPMENT(ONLY 2
OPERATION SWITCHES)
ALL FUNCTIONING
EQUIPMENT WORK
ACCORDING TO THE
REQUIREMENT
BUDGET
CONSTRAINTS
RELATIVELY
INEXPENSIVE
APPROPRIATE
MAINTENANCE
COSTS
SAFE AND SECURE
SAFE ENVIRONMENT
FOR USER
FULLY COVERED
ELECTRICAL
COMPONENTS
Objective tree
The objective tree is another tool which could be used to determine the design
specifications.

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The objective tree shown above summarizes the requirement specifications of the
proposed design. The objectives of the design are categorized according to
marketability and safety.
Product Features
The diagrams for each of the objectives are summarized below. Each block
diagram shows the objective, what should happen for the objective to be achieved,
and how it is achieved.
Objective-Closing mechanism
Objective-Easily handling
Objective-Durability
Should function
easily without
stucked
Rack and pinion
are used which are
correctly aligned
Add some greece
to move smoothly
and wihout making
noice
The setup
should be easy
to handle
No special
knowlegde
required
Even a child
can work with
it

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Mind maps
The summarized version of the mind map that was generated during the
development of the design is shown below.
Should be
durable
The structure
should be
strong
Rack and pinoin
should be paint
with anti
corrosive paint
Automated window
system
Product
feature set
Product
purchase
details
Product
overview
Product target
market
Why are they going
to use it? To free
their hands of
closing windows
Who is going to use
it? House hold
utilities/office staff
Who’s the
intended
audience? Client
C
How much will it
cost? Rs.3800/=
Where/how can we
buy it? Tool shops
and hardware
Key features-
Durable, easy to
handle, inexpensive
Improvement from
existing products-can
manually operate

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Alternative Concepts
The alternative concepts to the sub functions and subsections (of Automated
Window System), based on the mind maps and functional decomposition
diagrams, are shown above.
1 2 3
Sub
Base
Material
Wood Steel Aluminum
Window
Material
Stainless steel Aluminum Wood
Window
glass
Glass
Plastic coated
glass
Plastic
Base Shape Flat Round Flat Square
Base with two
bars parallel
Motor Type DC Geared Servo Stepper
Energy
usage
Mechanical
energy
Electrical energy Solar power

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Evaluation of Alternative Concepts
The concepts taken in to consideration under each sub function or subsection is
evaluated with respect to efficiency, low cost, reliability, maintenance and
convenience. Each factor is considered only if it is applicable to the criteria
being evaluated. The ratings are as follows:
Each subsection or sub-function is evaluated with respect to its suitability and
easiness. This factor is important in determining the marketability of the
product.
 0 – Unsatisfactory
 1 – Acceptable
 2 – Average
 3 – Good
 4 – Excellent
Efficiency
This is the ratio of the output to the input of the system. Greater the efficiency
(with respect to the sub-function of the stove being considered),

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greater the rating achieved (by this concept of the sub-function being
considered).
Low cost
The cost factor is very crucial in determining the marketability of the entire
design. Lower the cost of a subsection or sub-functions of the automated
window system, greater the rating achieved.
Reliability
It is important to determine the extent to which a regular customer can
depend on the design as a whole. To determine this each subsection’s or sub-
function’s reliability is evaluated.
Maintenance
Maintenance of each and every part of the automated window system is
evaluated with respect to low cost and easy use.
Convenience
Each criterion has a weighting in percentage depending on the sub function
or subsection. Therefore the percentage weighting determines the actual rating
(weighted rating) of each criterion, that contributes to the overall rating.

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Chapter 7 – Feasibility Discussion
The evaluation of each subsection and sub-function according to the criteria chosen
in the previous chapter are included in this chapter. Each criterion has a weighting
in percentage depending on the sub function or subsection. Therefore the
percentage weighting determines the actual rating (weighted rating) of each
criterion, that contributes to the overall rating.
Window Material
Base
Material
Concept Alternatives
Aluminum Wood Stainless steel
Criteria Importance Weight Rating
Weighted
Rating Rating
Weighted
Rating
Rating
Low Cost
60% 4 2.40 1 0.60
1 0.4
Reliability
40% 2 0.80 4 1.60
4 0.8
Overall
Rating
100% NA 3.20 NA 2.20
NA 1.20
Base
Flat Round Flat Rectangular
Two bar parallel
base
Criteria
Importance
Weight Rating
Weighted
Rating Rating
Weighted
Rating Rating
Weighted
Rating
Efficiency 45% 4 1.65 4 1.85 2 0.35

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Energy Usage
Motor Used
Low Cost 20% 3 0.80 3 0.80 3 0.80
Reliability 10% 4 0.45 4 0.55 3 0.35
Maintenance 15% 3 0.30 3 0.40 3 0.20
Convenience 10% 3 0.10 4 0.30 2 0.30
Overall
Rating
100% NA 3.30 NA 3.90 NA 2.00
Energy usage
Electrical Energy Mechanical Energy Solar power
Criteria
Importance
Weight Rating
Weighted
Rating Rating
Weighted
Rating Rating
Weighted
Rating
Efficiency 15% 2 0.40 3 0.45 2 0.30
Low Cost 35% 4 1.80 3 1.05 0 0.30
Reliability 20% 1 0.50 3 0.60 1 0.20
Maintenance 15% 3 0.65 4 0.40 1 0.15
Convenience 15% 3 0.45 4 0.40 2 0.30
Overall
Rating
100% NA 3.80 NA 2.90 NA 1.25
Motor
Stepper Motor Servo Motor DC Geared Motor
Criteria
Importance
Weight Rating
Weighted
Rating Rating
Weighted
Rating Rating
Weighted
Rating
Efficiency 45% 2 0.40 3 1.35 4 1.80
Low Cost 20% 2 0.40 3 0.60 4 0.80
Reliability 10% 3 0.35 3 0.45 3 0.55
Maintenance 15% 3 0.20 2 0.30 3 0.45
Convenience 10% 1 0.10 1 0.20 4 0.30
Overall
Rating
100% NA 1.45 NA 2.40 NA 3.90

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Window Glass
Rack and Pinion Material
Window Glass
Glass Plastic coated Glass Plastic
Criteria
Importance
Weight Rating
Weighted
Rating Rating
Weighted
Rating Rating
Weighted
Rating
Efficiency 35% 3 1.40 3 1.50 3 1.10
Low Cost 30% 4 1.20 4 1.20 3 1.20
Reliability 25% 3 0.40 3 0.45 2 0.25
Maintenance 5% 3 0.30 3 0.30 3 0.30
Convenience 5% 1 0.05 2 0.10 1 0.05
Overall
Rating
100% NA 3.35 NA 3.55 NA 2.90
Rack and pinion material
Iron Plastic Aluminum
Criteria
Importance
Weight Rating
Weighted
Rating Rating
Weighted
Rating Rating
Weighted
Rating
Efficiency 45% 4 1.80 3 1.35 2 0.90
Low Cost 20% 2 0.40 3 0.60 4 0.80
Reliability 10% 3 0.30 3 0.30 2 0.20
Maintenance 15% 3 0.45 2 0.30 3 0.45
Convenience 10% 3 0.30 1 0.10 1 0.10
Overall
Rating
100% NA 3.25 NA 2.65 NA 2.45

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Best Concepts
1 2 3
Sub
Window
material
Aluminum Wood
Stainless
Steel
Window
glass
material
Plastic
coated glass
Glass Plastic
Motor
type
DC geared
motor
Servo motor
Stepper
motor
Base
shape
Flat Round
Two bar
parallel base
Flat
Rectangular
Rack and
pinion
material
Plastic Steel/Iron Aluminum
Energy
usage
Electrical
energy
Electrical
energy
Solar power

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Preliminary Design
 The final design of automated window system is presented consists of two
main parts.
Window and the closing unit is one part and the other part is sensor circuits with
its covering box.
Window and the closing unit
 The window is manufactured using aluminum as it is a light material and
also resistive to corrosion. And also aluminum gives it a solid look.
 We have used a plastic coated glass as window glass along with rubber
seals around it to avoid getting water into the house through it.
 4 pop rivets are used to fix 12 DC geared motor onto the window frame
along with the gear pinion.
The way gear pinion fixed to the motor
Lathe worker fixed a shaft to the gear pinion using lathe machine and the use of
hammer. After that he has made a hole in that with the diameter of 4mm which is
the diameter of motor shaft. We have used a nut to fix the motor and the shaft
steadily.

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Sensor circuits and the other electrical circuit
By using copper board and Ferric Chloride we have made the PCB which we
wanted.
Below is the sensor circuit diagram which we have used.
After that we have drilled holes accordingly to insert components with the help of
PCB drill. At the end we have soldered the components into the PCB.
 Two switches are used to open and close the window manually when
necessary.
 All the circuits are covered in a plastic protective box to prevent damages to
them.
 Both switches are fixed into the protective box.

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Production Schedule
Need of manufacturing an
automated window system.
Planning and designing
a machine using new
ideas. (First week)
Selecting suitable raw
materials. (Second
week)
Commencing of
building the machine.
(Fourth week)
Finished work on window
and the closing unit. (Fifth
week)
Starting to design the
report. (Sixth week)
Finished work on sensor
circuit and the other
electrical circuit. (Seventh
week)
Finishing of Report (Eighth week) Finalizing of
report &
prototype
(Ninth week)
PRESENTATION (Tenth
week)

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 Description
First Month (March): After we were told to produce a product which is not in the
current market, we decided to construct an auto closing window system which was
in the given list. Firstly, we were thinking of new ideas and how to design a system
to close windows automatically and came to a final decision and started to find the
materials needed. We realized that the best raw material to use is aluminum to
construct window frame as it is strong and long lasting. Some parts of the machine
we finished by ourselves while to complete the rest we needed to get some help
from a metal works industry and aluminum industry. There are five members in are
group. We were able to finish the work of the window and opening unit by the
third week and there after we started the work on sensor circuit which was the
greatest challenge as it had many design features which are certain how to use this
circuit along with two switches to open and close the window manually.
Second Month (April): By the end of the first week we were able to find a worker
who works on PCBs and electrical circuits. At the same time the prototype is being
made and we started our work on the report. We were able to finish the whole
report about one and half weeks before the deadline. The work of the prototype
also concluded in a close date. Finally we analyzed the whole report and tried the
machine. In the last week we also created the presentation slides.

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Cost Analysis
Price of material used
 Aluminum-Rs.900/= per 1 inch box bar
Prices of the parts used
 12v DC Gear Motor 120 RPM-Rs.1000/=
 Rack Pinion-Rs.1000/=
 Gear Pinion-Rs.300/=
 PCB and electrical components-Rs.600/=
1. 8 pin riley-Rs.200/=
2. Copper Board and components-300/=
3. Circuits covering box-Rs.100/=
Labour Cost
 Aluminum worker-Rs.600/=
 Lathe worker-Rs.500/=
 Electrical worker-Rs.300/=
Other Expenses

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 Travel and transport-Rs.300/=
Overall Expenses for window and opening unit
• Rs.200/=• Rs.
1100/=
• Rs.
2300/=
• Rs.
900/=
Materials
Used(Alumin
um)
Motor/Rack
and gear
pinion
OtherLabour Cost

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Overall Expenses for water sensor circuit and other electrical circuit
• Rs.300/= • Rs.100/=
• Rs.600 /=
Electrical
components
cost
Other
Labour
Cost

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Percentage
Total Expended Selling Price
Window and
opening unit
Rs.4500/= Rs.2500/=(only the
opening unit with
rack and gear pinion
and motor)
Sensor circuit and
other electrical
circuit
Rs.1000/= Rs.1300/=
Total Rs.5500/= Rs.3800/=

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Instruction Manual for an automated window system
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
Expended
Amount
Selling price
Window and opening unit
Sensor circuit and other circuit

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12V DC Gear motor 120RPM
Torque-2.5Kg
The motor which we have used to
uplift the window

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Index
 Section 1: CONTROL
Switch on and open the window
Close when necessary by using close switch
Auto closing system works when it’s raining
 Section 2: CARE AND MAINTANENCE
Maintain rack and gear pinion
Safety of sensor circuit and the other circuit

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Photos of the product

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SECTION 1
Switch on and open the window
One switch is provided to open the window normally when necessary.
It’s a switch, which we can open the window as our need.
Close when necessary by using close switch
Another switch is provided to close the window manually.
Auto closing system works when it’s raining
When the sensor circuit identifies rain drops the window is starting to
close. User has nothing to do with this part as it’s all automatically
working.
SECTION 2
Maintain rack and gear pinion
User can add some grease into the rack and pinion for its durability
and to increase the efficiency of rotation without unwanted noise.
Safety of sensor circuit and the other circuit

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There’s a covering box is provided along with the sensor circuit.
User has to close it always other than there isn’t a maintain process
in the circuit. Circuits should be covered from water.
Conclusion
Objectives and Problems Restated
Problems:
 Energy wastage
 Have to worry about close windows when it’s raining
 Small children damage themselves trying to close higher windows
Objectives:
 Efficient in performance
 Inexpensive
 Durable
 Easy to use
 Safe working conditions

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Summary
Approach:
 Identification of problems with closing windows manually when it’s raining
 Clarification of objectives and identification of constraints
 Establishment of functional decomposition diagrams
 Identification of requirement specifications
 Generation of design alternatives
 Evaluation of design alternatives
 Identification of the best alternatives for the concept
 Development of the conceptual and preliminary design
 Testing and evaluation of the design
 Amendment and optimization of the design
 Documentation of the design
These steps were followed in developing a safe system to close windows
automatically when it’s raining. The design performed well in achieving the goals.
And the machine could be designed with the maximum safety.
References:
http://www.alibaba.com/showroom/automatic-home-windows.html
http://www.homecontrols.com/Categories/DoorandWindowControl

Automated Window System

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