2. news is anything that's interesting, that
relates to what's happening in the world,
what's happening in areas of the culture
that would be of interest to your audience.
Kurt Loder, American journalist, b. 1945
3. Information about recent events or happenings,
especially as reported by newspapers, periodicals,
radio, or television.
A new or uncommon and more or less surprising
thing; a new or unexpected event or occurrence.
Recent, but not necessarily unexpected,
intelligence of something that has lately taken place,
or of something before unknown or imperfectly
known
Definition of news
4. News stories are basically divided into two
types: hard news and soft news.
Hard news generally refers to up-to-the-
minute news and events that are reported
immediately, while
soft news is background information or
human-interest stories
Types of news
5. Hard news
Hard news is the actual report of what has
happened in a simple, clear, and accurate
manner. This type of news story never distorts,
misrepresents or gives wrong facts.
It draws no conclusions, ,makes no accusations,
offers no opinions and does not indulge in any
speculations. Hard news are facts and statistics
Example:
Politics, war, economics and crime used to be
considered hard news
6. Soft news
news that doesn't deal with serious topics or
events
It may be about certain gossip
about the celebrities, fashion tips,
new releases of technologies
Soft news is usually about of
news interest
7. Elements of news
There are many element of news . Some
are as follow
Immediacy
Proximity
Prominence
Oddity
Conflict
Suspense
Emotion
Consequences
Change
Name and number
Progress
Unusualness
Significance
Nearness
Timeline
8. Has it just happened? Notice how prominently Twitter
feeds are displayed during live TV and radio coverage of
events. Whether it’s the Super Bowl or a humanitarian
crisis, information provided via the Social Media feeds
of individuals is seen as valuable and relevant.
Proximity
Is the news geographically local to the readership or
close to their hearts?
Immediacy
9. Prominence
Is your information or news about
something that is highly topical today? Is it
about something / someone that people
believe to be of great significance or
importance?
Oddity
There is a reason why videos of animals doing
crazy things are so popular on YouTube. We
are attracted to things that are a little strange,
out of the ordinary and unusual. Progress’
own example is our much loved pup ‘Chilly’
the SQL coding dog.
10. Conflict
Is there a an element of struggle in your
story? Is what you’re describing helping a
customer to address a real challenge that
significantly impacts their lives or businesses?
Suspense
People need a reason to keep reading. Can
you create a ‘cliff-hanger’ or leave your
readers wanting more?
.
11. Emotion
Anything that speaks to people’s experiences
and conveys real emotion will help them to
connect with your message. The trick is to do
this appropriately and with authenticity. It
doesn’t have to be a tear-jerker of a story, nor
does it need to be designed to keep your
audience in stitches – sometimes it helps to
just be a little bit more human in your
communications
12. Consequence
Does the subject of the story you are telling
have an impact on people’s lives?
Change
Changes that affect the majority or certain groups of
people make news. Some of these changes are change in
administration and policies, change of name or popular
places or events, changes of weather, fluctuating rates of
exchange, change of partners of party mates, change of
schedule or postponement and other major or even
insignificant changes that may pave way for big
events. While some changes are unexpected, there are
also expected ones.
13. Names and Numbers.
Figures, statistics, numbers, and series of names also
make news. Many names would also make many readers.
Numbers or figures are parts of reports on a good
number of newsworthy events like election results, scores
in games, ratings in examinations, and percentage of
passing, vital statistics for beauty pageants, number or
fatalities or casualties in catastrophes, accidents, and
battles; prices of goods and services, increase in salaries,
and other events that deal with figures. Names and
numbers usually come together for these are two basic
facts that reporters need to complete their news stories.
14. Progress.
Reports on progress, whether physical, mental, economic,
emotional, or social, constitute good news. Newspapers
carry both good and bad news, for people learn from both
events. It is just sad to note that generally speaking, some
newspapers if not all the local papers consider “bad news as
news”and “good news as no news.” The advent of
development communication in the Philippine setting is
good news. More developed countries in Asia like Singapore,
Malaysia, and Thailand practised development journalism in
such a way that freedom of the press is utilized in support to
the economic growth of the country as in writing articles to
support government programs aimed at improving the
quality of life of the people is a healthy measure for the
Philippines media to practice
15. Unusualness.
Anything that deviates from the normal or
usual flow of happenings attracts attention and,
therefore, to some extent, are of interest to
readers. The writer’s watchful eye, nose for
news, and keen senses are for catching the
peculiar, the special, the odd, the unique, the
different, the rare, and the bizarre. Of course,
you have heard of the Siamese twins, the
mudfish baby with human lips, the three-legged
cock, and thing like one for Ripley’s
16. Significance.
Persons, places, events, or things that are of value,
use, and significance are necessarily interesting to a
set of readers. The reading public has to be warned
of an approaching typhoon, an impending war, rise
in prices of commodities and services, and bandits
at large, even of new tax exemptions or measures.
If it is worthknowing, then that must be news. Why
should people be informed of such events of
significance? It is because the newspapers has to
serve the public and make people be more
prepared and better equipped to face the trying
times and life’s difficulties and tragedies.
17. Nearness
Nearness to the event affects readers’ interest. Reports or
events that happen nearest to the readers or to those that
directly involve them will be most interesting to them.
However, nearness is not merely physical, it can also be
emotional. As such news in Japan will be more of interest to
the Japanese than to the Filipinos. But a report on the life of
Filipinos in America will be interesting to the people of the
Philippines because of family ties or emotional links. The
election of a Filipino-American lawyer, Ben Cayetano, as
governor of Hawaii has dramatically touched the Filipino
nation as the story was prominently displayed on page one of
the local papers.
18. Timeliness.
Based on the idea that news is something you didn’t
know before which is significant or interesting to a group
of readers, news items are basically timely or immediate.
In other words, items are fresh and new as usually
indicated in the news by the use of words “today” or
“yesterday” or “at present time” and the use of the
present tense in news headline as one principle in
journalism. Although news is basically timely, it may not
be always new or fresh, for it can be the development of
an old event.
19. Inverted pyramid
"The concept behind the inverted pyramid format is
relatively simple. The writer prioritizes the factual
information to be conveyed in the news story by
importance. The most essential pieces of information are
offered in the first line, which is called the lead (or
summary lead). This usually addresses the so-called
"five W's" (who, what, when, why, and where). Thus, the
reader is able to ascertain the key elements of the story
immediately. "
(Robert A. Rabe, "Inverted Pyramid." Encyclopedia of
American Journalism, ed. by Stephen L. Vaughn.
Routledge, 2008)
20. How to write a news???
This is the crux of all news - you need to know “5ws”
and “H” :
Who? What? Where? When? Why? How?
Any good news story provides answers to each of these
questions. You must drill these into your brain and they
must become second nature.
For example, if you wish to cover a story about a local
sports team entering a competition you will need to
answer these questions:
Who are the team?
What sport do they play?
Where is the competition?
When is the competition?
Why are they entering this particular competition?
How are they going to enter the competition?
21. Qualities of news
objectivity
Accuracy
Clarity
Alertness
Fact
Balance
Precise and concise
22. Essential factors of news
There are three factors to news
Fact
Interest
Audience
24. News values
sometimes called news criteria, determine how
much prominence a news story is given by a media
outlet, and the attention it is given by the audience.
some factor which are determine news
values are as follow:
Human interest
Disaster
Development and progress
Cause
